Symptomatic presentation. Peach gum is actually a reddish-brown or yellow-brown gelatinous substance secreted from the bark of peach or mountain peach, and people also give it a very literary name peach blossom tears. In fact, apricot trees, cherry trees and other rosaceae plants will also secrete similar gelatinous substances, and they can even be called peach gum.
Peach gum is actually a fungal disease, which mainly occurs on the trunk and branches, and gum disease can occur in different tree species, different ages, and different parts. Peach gum disease generally occurs in the middle and upper part of the canopy or near the ground, and the initial stage of the disease is mainly manifested as the decay of the cortical tissue of the trunk and branches, and gradually expands to the xylem with the development of the disease. At the beginning of the disease, there will be no obvious symptoms in the disease, but as the disease progresses, the disease will have a gelatinous phenomenon, and a large amount of white or gray-white mold will be produced. Peach gum disease may also cause local softening after the onset of the disease, and when the roots of the tree are damaged, the damaged area will appear to flow gum. When there is mechanical damage to the tree, canker spots may appear in the affected area. After the onset of peach gum disease, it may also cause a large area of branch tissue decay and death. When the disease progresses to a certain extent, it will cause the gum part of the trunk to become dry and not heal; In the later stage, if the disease is severe, it will also lead to a large amount of gel flow.
Precautionary measures. Strengthen management.
Strengthen cultivation management, enhance tree strength, improve tree resistance, and reduce or avoid the occurrence of gum disease. Avoid planting in low-lying, water-prone places, heavy soil clay, clay soil, etc., and the soil is acidic or alkaline. Prune at the right time to avoid excessive nutrient consumption on the branches. Apply fertilizer in a timely and appropriate amount to maintain a reasonable load on the tree and improve the disease resistance of the tree. When pruning, pay attention to pruning diseased branches and cutting the saw edge, scraping off the old warped bark, and applying protective agents.
Control pests and diseases.
Strengthen the management of peach trees, and remove dead branches and fallen leaves, diseased branches and weeds in a timely manner. If it is found that the peach tree has the phenomenon of flowing gum, it is necessary to scrape off the diseased skin in time and apply the wound with a medicant; If you find that the peach tree has scorched leaves or fallen leaves, you should spray Bordeaux liquid and other agents in time.
After the peach tree falls its leaves or before germination in early spring, it is necessary to scrape off the bark of the old warp tree in the garden, mainly to scrape off the rough bark and warped bark under the bark with a knife. When scraping the bark, it is necessary to pay attention to the principle of "one scrape, two coatings and three wipings", that is, first scraping the bark and then applying 3-5 degrees of stone sulfur mixture or sulfur powder. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the depth when scraping the bark of the old warp, and it is generally advisable to exceed the lesions. After the peach orchard is cleared in winter, a layer of plastic film can be spread in the garden and the film can be compacted with soil to keep warm and moisturize. At the same time, the film can also be disinfected by applying 5 degrees of stone sulfur mixture or sulfur powder to prevent the occurrence of gum disease. In addition, when the plastic film is removed, all the diseased branches, leaves and fruits should be cleaned up.
Spraying should be done in the spring, preferably before budding of fruit trees. The key parts of spraying are the main stem, main branch, large branch, and the branch and bud eye on the large branch. If you are not sure, you can choose a pesticide with systemic effect. Such as 40% Fumei arsenic wettable powder + 5% bacterial toxin clear + Bordeaux liquid or 70% methyl tobuzin + 80% mancozeb + Baume 3 5 degree stone sulfur mixture. In order to ensure the prevention and control effect, the 2-time spraying method can be used. When spraying Bordeaux liquid, it is necessary to ensure the solubility of the agent in water, and control the ratio of the agent to water between 1:50 and 1:200 to avoid problems such as missed spraying or excessive spraying. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the ratio concentration to avoid pesticide damage. In order to improve the control effect, 2 3 kinds of pesticide mixed spraying method can also be used, first spray Bordeaux liquid, then spray Fumei arsenic wettable powder, and finally spray Fumeishuang.
Do a good job of orchard drainage.
If the peach tree encounters severe rainfall during the growth process, it is necessary to carry out drainage work in time. In case of heavy rain, it is necessary to carry out orchard drainage work in time to avoid problems such as poor root respiration and poor soil permeability caused by water accumulation in the orchard; In addition, it is necessary to keep the air humidity in the orchard at about 65%.
Protect the tree.
Before the peach tree blooms, it is necessary to spray pesticides in time to prevent the occurrence of gum disease; Pick the fruit in time when the peach fruit is ripe; In addition, it is necessary to avoid the damage of peach trees from frost damage or sunburn. In the process of peach tree growth, it is necessary to do a good job of pruning to avoid excessive load on the tree body and enhance the disease resistance of the tree. If the tree is found to be weak, it should be pruned in time, and the diseased branches, diseased leaves and diseased branches should be removed in time.
Strengthen fertilizer and water management.
Reasonable fertilization, avoid too much fertilizer or too thick fertilizer when fertilizing, resulting in the weakening of the tree and the occurrence of gum disease. In the process of peach tree growth, it should be scientifically managed to avoid excessive water and nutrient consumption on the branches. In the process of peach tree growth, it is necessary to strengthen the management of soil to avoid soil compaction or too sticky weight; In the process of peach tree growth, it is necessary to do a good job of cultivating and weeding to improve the air permeability of the orchard soil. At the same time, it is also necessary to apply fertilizer reasonably to ensure that the supply of nutrients is sufficient; In the process of peach tree growth, it is necessary to pay attention to reasonable fertilization and keep the tree nutrient sufficient.