Mandarin, also known as "Guanhua", is a standardized form of official language that has existed since ancient times.
In China, Mandarin specifically refers to Mandarin, which is the common language form stipulated by China, and it is also the main communication tool for all ethnic groups and regions in China. Globally, many countries have their own official dialects, such as the official English of the United Kingdom, the official French of France, etc., because they also have different pronunciations of dialects.
Since Mandarin is not the same as dialects, what are its distinguishing features, or how are they different from dialects?
First of all, as a standardized form of language, it has clear and accurate pronunciation and grammar rules, allowing people from different regions and different nationalities to communicate effectively.
Secondly, the linguistic form of the official dialect is relatively fixed and is not easily influenced by regional dialects, so it can be used as a universal communication tool.
In addition, Mandarin also carries rich cultural connotations and historical accumulation, and is one of the important carriers of Chinese cultural inheritance.
In the history of China, the determination of the official dialect area has gone through a long process of development.
Initially, the Mandarin area was mainly concentrated in the Central Plains, but over time, its scope gradually expanded to all parts of the country.
In modern times, through language surveys and statistics, China** has determined that Mandarin, with Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation and northern dialect as the basic dialect, is the common language form of the whole country.
On the land of China, the language forms of the Mandarin area mainly include Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, etc. Although these languages belong to the same Mandarin area, there are still some differences in phonetics, vocabulary and grammar.
For example, the pronunciation of Mandarin is more standardized and accurate, while the pronunciation of Cantonese has distinct local characteristics. The vocabulary of Mandarin is relatively uniform, while the vocabulary of Cantonese incorporates many local slang and idiomatic expressions.
The Guanhua District dialect is one of the seven major dialects of Chinese in China, and its internal consistency and number of speakers are very high. Mandarin dialects are mainly divided into the following sub-dialect areas:
Northeast Mandarin: Mainly distributed in the three northeastern provinces, eastern Inner Mongolia and northern Hebei. The official dialect of the Northeast can be divided into several areas, such as Jishen film, Hafu piece, and black pine piece.
Beijing Mandarin: Also known as North China Mandarin, it is mainly found in Beijing and its surrounding areas, such as Hebei Province, Tianjin City, part of Shanxi Province, and the central part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The characteristics of Beijing official dialect are three tones and four tones, and the ancient sound is sent into the flat, up, and de-sound.
Jilu Mandarin: Mainly distributed in most areas of Hebei, Tianjin, northern and northwestern Shandong, as well as Pinggu District of Beijing, Guangling County of Shanxi, Ningcheng County of Inner Mongolia and other places. In addition to the official dialect of Northeast China, the official dialect of Jilu is relatively close to the official dialect of Beijing.
Jiaoliao Mandarin: It is mainly distributed in the Jiaodong Peninsula in Shandong Province, the Liaodong Peninsula and the lower reaches of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, and Ganyu County in Jiangsu Province. Historically, there have been dialect islands in the Jiaoliao official dialect, but now they have gradually disappeared.
Central Plains official dialect: mainly distributed in Henan Province, Guanzhong of Shaanxi Province, southeastern Shandong, southeastern Shandong Province, Hebei Province, Henan Province, Anhui Province, Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and other places. The official dialect of the Central Plains is divided into several areas, such as Zhengkai, Luosong, Nanlu, Luoxiang, Shangfu, Yanhe, Xuhuai, Xinbeng, Fenhe, Guanzhong, Qinlong, and Longzhong.
Lanyin Mandarin: Mainly distributed in Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, and parts of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Lanyin official dialect is divided into several areas, such as Jincheng film, Yinwu film, Hexi piece, and northern Xinjiang piece.
Southwest Mandarin: Mainly distributed in Chongqing, Sichuan Province, Guizhou Province, Yunnan Province, ** Autonomous Region and other places. The official dialect of the southwest is divided into several areas, such as Sichuan-Guizhou film, Xishu film, western Sichuan film, Yunnan film, Huguang film, and Guiliu film.
Jianghuai official dialect: mainly distributed in most parts of Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province, parts of Hubei Province, parts of Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province, parts of Huanggang City in Hubei Province and individual dialect islands in other provinces.
Overall, Mandarin, as a standardized form of official language, has had a far-reaching and significant impact.
Understanding the concept and characteristics of Mandarin dialect, the determination of Mandarin dialect areas, and the language forms of Mandarin dialects not only help us to have a deeper understanding of the diversity of Chinese and Chinese dialect cultures, but also help us better master the skills of communication and exchange.
In the context of globalization, learning and mastering multiple forms of language is also one of our essential qualities, so let's have an in-depth understanding and study of Mandarin and other forms of language, and contribute to promoting communication and understanding between different regions and different ethnic groups. (If you are interested in understanding the relevant content of the official dialect, you can see what dialect the ancient official dialect of Yueming is).
This article was originally published by Yueming Su Guangnuan in Baijiahao, **Please indicate! Thank you for liking, and I would like to get in touch with you with the plain light of the moon and give you warmth!
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