Memorization is always a good way to memorize English words. Any English language learner will use it. When we have a certain amount of English vocabulary, if we can master some English vocabulary construction logic, our memory ability will have a leap. Learn English from scratch Let's take a look at a news report from USA Today on February 17.
arab americans feel 'a bone-deepsense ofbetrayal.' and they want joe biden defeated in 2024.
There are two unfamiliar words in this sentence. One is bone-deep, and the other is betrayal. This may hinder your understanding of the news.
Obviously, you can capture that bone-deep is a compound word of bone and deep. You also know the bone of the bone and the deep deep. So,"bone"+"deep"The bone-deep is deep into the bone marrow. While"deep into the bone marrow"with"Hard"It's synonymous, and you can understand it as anyone.
bone is a noun, and the part of speech of bone-deep is also an adjective. If you don't know the part of speech of bone-deep, you can observe that bone-deep is placed between the indefinite article a and the noun sense, and you should also be sure to guess that it is an adjective. Because this is the most typical position of an adjective.
Deciphering the unfamiliar word bone-deep gives us a taste of the joy of demystifying English vocabulary construction.
Let's challenge the betrayal construct puzzle again. You may not know betrayal, but you probably know betrayal"tray"、"be"、"al"These three parts, right?
Do you have a printer at home or your company? Will the printer keep prompting you when it runs out of paper?"no a4 **s in the tray"?This tray for A4 paper is tray.
Each layer of the multi-layer bracket on your office desktop for storing files is also a tray.
Ancient and modern Chinese and foreign trays used to present food, information, and folds are also trays.
Therefore, the core meaning of this tray is a tray with specific functions, such as "a tray for placing documents", "a tray for serving food", and "a tray for presenting information".
A tray is called when we construct a new English word by adding other combinations in front of or after a tray combinationRoots, written as"-tray-"。
In this case, in -tray-"Added "be-"。“be-"As a fixed combination, it serves two purposes when placed in front of the root.
One is to change the meaning of the root
tray-" ➜ "be-"+"-tray-" ➜ "betray-" 。Meaning by"Presenting information A tray of folds"to "Present Intelligence on a Tray" to"Proactively leak intelligence"And again"Betrayal, betrayal, disappointment, disloyalty"。
The second is to change the part of speech of the root
tray-"As a root, the original part of speech isNoun, refers to a pallet with a specific function plus"be-"Later, the parts of speech were originally used as toolsNoun"Pallets"became"Present information on trays"ThisactionThe noun becomes a verbFurther derivation"Betrayal, betrayal, disappointment, disloyalty"These 4 pcsVerbs
be-"This combination can also be used in other nouns to change parts of speech, such as:
lie lies (Noun) ➜"be-"belie disguises, disguises (Verbs
Fool (Noun) ➜"be-"befool deceives, fools (Verbs
We will"be-"This combination of placing before the root of the word and having a specific function (changing the meaning or part of speech or simultaneously changing the meaning of the word and the part of speech) is calledPrefix
Let's look at the betrayal tail"-al"。It is also a fixed combination, which usually has no meaning in itself, but is only used to change the part of speech of the word.
betrayVerbs➜ "al" ➜ betrayalNoun。Plus"al"After that, the betray verb becomes the noun betrayal. "Betrayal, betrayal, disappointment, disloyalty"This4 actionsbecomes"This act of betrayal, this act of betrayal, this act of betrayal, this act of betrayal, this act of disloyalty"This4 behaviors
The arrive verb arrive+"-al"arrival noun.
The refuse verb refuse+"-al"refusal noun.
We will"-al"This combination that is placed after the root word and has a specific function (changing the part of speech) is calledSuffix
So far, news"arab americans feel 'a bone-deepsense ofbetrayal.' and they want joe biden defeated in 2024."The meaning is easy to understand:
Arab-Americans felt'aUnforgettableBetrayalsense'。They want Joe Biden to lose the election in 2024
defeat, defeat, frustrate, refers to defeating others, defeating others. Instead of hoping that Joe Biden would defeat his campaign rival, the Arab-Americans wanted him to be defeated by his campaign rival, so they used the passive voice of defeat, the past participle of defeat. So instead of want sb to do, we use want sb done(p..)p.)
There are two sentences in this news, if you go with this one"abandon biden"**, can you deduce the meaning of betrayal without mastering the above word formation knowledge? It should be quite possible: there must be an important reason why voters initially supported Biden and then gave up. It is often the voters who feel emotionally betrayed or deceived. And the Americans have always betrayed the Arab world, and there are them here"feel a xxx sense of xxx"The sentence structure is just right for your guess! Human beings hate betrayal the most, no matter what age or nation.
Let's take a look at betray usage by the way. It's a verb that means somethingBetrayal (principle or belief).BetrayalDisclosure (confidential).DisappointedRight....InfidelityLeaking informationExpressing emotion
judas, who h**e betrayedjesus, was the 13th guest to the last supper.
BetrayalJudas of Jesus was the 13th guest at the Last Supper.
If you want to quickly expand your English vocabulary, I recommend the book "The Mystery of English Vocabulary". It classifies common English roots, prefixes, and suffixes, giving a large number of examples, revealing the structure of words. It allows you to memorize words from a new perspective.
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