There is an oasis in the northeast of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, which is embedded between Badain Jarin, the third largest desert in China, and Tengger, the fourth largest desert. This oasis is in Minqin County.
The ecology of Minqin is extremely fragile. Over the years, the average annual precipitation is 113 mm, and the average annual evaporation is more than 2,600 mm; The total area of the whole area is about 1590,000 square kilometers, of which desertification and desertification land area account for about ninety percent.
Minqin ecology is related to the overall situation. If the Minqin ecological barrier is broken and the two deserts "shake hands" here, the Hexi Corridor will be impacted by quicksand, which will affect the ecological security of Northwest China. If mankind wants to survive and develop better, it is necessary to prevent and control desertification.
**The general secretary emphasized: "Encourage people to devote themselves to the construction of ecological civilization, continue to work hard, work for a long time, and strive to build a beautiful China", "We must bravely undertake the mission, not afraid of hardships, and work for a long time, and strive to create a new miracle of China's desertification prevention and control in the new era".
The concept of "long-term meritorious service" tests the patience and strategic determination of history.
The vast number of cadres and masses of Minqin have thoroughly implemented the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, especially the thought of ecological civilization, firmly established and practiced the correct concept of political achievements, and achieved the fastest progress and the best comprehensive management results in the history of desertification prevention and control.
Correctly grasp the potential and performance.
The transition from "sand entering and people retreating" to "green entering and sand retreating" is the fruit of firmly establishing and practicing the correct outlook on political performance.
The ecological environment is a major political issue related to the party's mission and purpose, and it is also a major social issue related to people's livelihood. * This important exposition of the general secretary is lofty and thought-provoking.
The northwest land, high sky flowing clouds. Lakes of all sizes are like mirrors of the sea. The breeze blew, and the clumps of reeds swayed to their heart's content. Suddenly, a flock of waterfowl flapped their wings across the lake. Here, it is the tail lake of the Shiyang River - Qingtu Lake, where the two deserts of Badain Jarin and Tengger are separated.
This land of abundant water and grass has been dry for more than half a century. It is recorded that in 1959, due to intensified human activities and overuse of water resources, Qingtu Lake dried up. Since then, the water here has dried up and the quicksand has raged, forming a 13-kilometer-long wind-blown sand line.
Man and nature are a community of life. In dealing with the relationship between man and nature, it is necessary to correctly grasp the current and long-term, potential and outstanding achievements. We must calculate the big account, the long-term account, the overall account, and the comprehensive account, if we lose the big because of the small and the other, it will eventually cause systemic and long-term damage to the ecological environment.
Qingtu Lake governance, no matter how difficult it is, we have to gnaw this hard bone. Wang Xingbin, deputy director of the Minqin County Water Bureau, said that this is the long-cherished wish of the people of Minqin, and it is a must for sustainable development.
Paying equal attention to wind prevention and sand control, taking into account water diversion and water saving, Qingtu Lake has been resurrected! In the past 10 years, more than 100 square kilometers of wetlands have been formed, once again guarding the lifeline of Minqin Oasis.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Minqin County has continued to promote comprehensive desertification prevention and control, and the forest coverage rate has increased from 12 in 201208% has risen to 18 now28%。According to the sixth national monitoring of desertification and desertification land, compared with the results of the fifth monitoring, the area of desertified land in Minqin County decreased by 50930,000 mu, the area of desertified land decreased by 11060,000 acres.
From "sand in and people retreat" to "green in and sand out", it is a change from passive response to active action, the fruit of firmly establishing and practicing the correct concept of political performance, and the vivid practice of ecological civilization thought.
A chronicle of the people's diligence and half of the history of desertification control. Looking back on history, the flying sand is full of rocks, and the northwest wind is blowing for thousands of miles. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Minqin began to carry out afforestation in an organized manner. However, in the first decade of the last century, with the economic and social development and the increasing population, the demand for water resources increased exponentially, and the Minqin Oasis was overexploited again.
The pain of ecological destruction is unforgettable: on May 5, 1993, Minqin encountered a huge black storm, and the wind and sand passed through, lifting bricks and tiles, breaking trees and destroying seedlings; On April 24, 2010, Minqin County was hit by a strong sandstorm with an instantaneous wind speed of 28 meters per second.
Desertification prevention and control brooks no delay and is imperative. The people of Minqin have persevered, working from generation to generation, composing a magnificent song of fighting the wind and sand. Shi Shuzhu, former secretary of the Party branch of Songhe Village, Xue Bai Town, led the masses to plant 7,500 acres of windbreak and sand-fixing forests; Party member Qiu Jiamei and his wife Hu Fenglian spent their lives building a forest farm; Jiang Liling, director of the Minqin County Office for Returning Farmland to Forest, has been rooted in the sand sea for 25 years and has been protecting the oasis ...... with all her heart
In December 2007, the state approved the implementation of the "Shiyang River Basin Key Governance Plan", which opened the prelude to large-scale governance. In June 2011, the state approved the implementation of the "Desertification Prevention and Control and Ecological Restoration Project in the Shiyang River Basin", and thanks to the top-level design and strong support of the state, the people have made remarkable progress in desertification prevention and control and ecological restoration.
Ecological prosperity leads to civilization prosperity, and ecological decline leads to civilization decline. Entering the new era, the idea of ecological civilization has become the action guide for Minqin to promote the construction of ecological civilization. With the guidance of thought, the correct view of political performance will become firmer, the understanding of regularity will become clearer and clearer, and the concept of green development will take root.
The blueprint for governance is clearer - the 10-year plan for desertification prevention and control in the new era of Minqin County (2018-2027) and the plan for the demonstration area of ecological construction in Minqin County (2020-2025) have been compiled with high standards to form a blueprint for comprehensive desertification prevention and control.
The governance system is more perfect: in accordance with the steps of "from urgent to slow, from the outside to the inside, and the step-by-step implementation", relying on the "Three Norths" project, the middle and lower reaches of the Shiyang River and other major national projects such as sand prevention and control, forest and grass comprehensive management, the ecological governance system of "peripheral enclosure, edge sand control, and internal forest network" has been constructed.
More scientific means of governance - accelerate the innovation, popularization and application of new technologies and models for desertification prevention and control, and jointly carry out technical exploration and practice with the Institute of Cold and Drought of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Gansu Provincial Institute of Desertification Control.
What is the effect of wind prevention and sand control? At the eastern end of the Minqin Oasis and at the western edge of the Tengger Desert, the Shazuidun Sand Control and Afforestation Demonstration Area is covered with countless grass squares on the undulating sand dunes as far as the eye can see, interlocking and firmly binding patches of yellow sand.
The Shazuidun Sand Control and Afforestation Demonstration Zone is an important part of the construction of the "Three Norths" project scientific greening pilot counties during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and will be implemented from 2022. "We have adapted to local conditions and carried out precise management of mobile dunes, sandy lands and grasslands in the region. Ye Wenfeng, a forestry engineer at the Dengcha Nursery in Minqin County, said that up to now, the Shazuidun Demonstration Area has completed the project of sand fixation 650,000 acres, 15 artificial afforestation50,000 acres, 130,000 acres of sand closure and afforestation (grass).
The sand sea oasis is endless. At present, more than 300 kilometers of protective forest belts around the oasis have been built on the 408-kilometer wind-sand line in Minqin County, and 216 wind-blown sand mouths have been effectively controlled, building a three-dimensional protection system to defend the ecological security of the oasis.
Scientifically adjust production and ecology.
From one side of the water and soil can not support one side of the people, to one side of the water and soil can support one side of the people, adhere to the materialist dialectics, protect the ecology and improve the people's livelihood into a virtuous circle.
Ecological environmental protection and economic development are not contradictory and antagonistic, but dialectical unity. The general secretary pointed out a new path to achieve synergy and symbiosis of development and protection, and also provided scientific guidance for Minqin to take the road of industrial ecology and ecological industrialization.
The sand onion is furrowed, like a green leek. In the Shallot Industrial Park in Bayi Village, Daba Town, the villagers are busy harvesting and bagging, and the joy of the harvest cannot be hidden.
Why choose to grow shallots? Zhen Zuojun, secretary of the Party branch and director of the village committee of Bayi Village, said: "The planting cost is low, the total amount of water is small, the output efficiency is good, the nutritional value is high, and everything is not bad ......for stir-frying, cold dressing, and cooking”
Small shallots have become a big industry for the masses to increase their income and get rich. Shallot sowing once can be harvested continuously for 10 years, and 5 stubbles can be harvested in a year. The average income per mu of open field shallots can reach more than 10,000 yuan, and the average income of greenhouse shallots can reach 100,000 yuan. Today, Bayi Village has planted 5,000 acres of shallots and 500 greenhouses, and the shallots industrial park has become the largest production and marketing base of shallots in the five provinces (regions) in Northwest China.
Only when the industry is prosperous can the improvement of people's livelihood be guaranteed, and only then can the revitalization of the countryside be motivated. Dama Town innovates the development model of "Party Branch + Professional Cooperative + Park + Base + Farmers", based on resource advantages, quasi-consumer demand, and effectively solves the problem of "not knowing how to do it and not daring to do it".
10 years ago, waiting for merchants to come to buy or go outside to sell, how much is a pound, we don't count. Now, the shallot brand has been launched, and it is not worried about selling at all. "Relying on planting and harvesting shallots, Zhen Rongwen, a villager in Bayi Village, is getting better and better.
In the final analysis, the success or failure of ecological and environmental protection depends on the economic structure and economic development mode. In recent years, based on the actual situation, Minqin County has made great efforts to build an ecological industrial system that is compatible with the carrying capacity of water resources. The honeydew melons in Xiqu Town are soft and glutinous and sweet, and a demonstration base for planting watermelons with high efficiency and water-saving export of 1,000 acres has been built; The vegetables in Changning Town are green and healthy, and through cold chain transportation, the first time to ...... the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao market
From one side of the water and soil can not support one side of the people, to one side of the water and soil can not only support one side of the industry but also one side of the people. In the view of Li Wanquan, secretary of the Minqin County Party Committee, it is necessary to persist in protecting and developing in the course of development, respect the laws of nature, find out the laws of the economy, and resolutely abandon the practice of sacrificing the ecological environment in exchange for temporary economic development.
At the house of Jiang Zhongyan, a villager in Huajian Village, Changning Town, as soon as the reporter entered the courtyard gate, he smelled the fragrance of the courtyard. Lifting the curtain of the kitchen door, Jiang Zhongyan was making baked buns. After a while, the steaming steamed buns were served.
The room was bright, and there were seven or eight people sitting on the sofa and small benches, and while eating, they opened up the chatterbox. "In those years, the wind did not see the sky together, and one crop was planted for three years! Over the years, the upwind Sifang pier has been planted with patches of Suosuo forest, which has helped the surrounding villagers a lot. Jiang Zhongyan sighed that a good ecology brings a good life.
The reporter drove into the vast desert, and suddenly, a continuous green leap into view. The signs standing on the side of the road remind that directly ahead is the "Sifangdun Ecological Forest Base".
Sifangdun borders the eastward invasion part of the Badain Jaran Desert, and the mobile sand and Gobi are crisscrossed in the area. Since 2010, relying on the "Three North" project and other project funds, the Sifang pier has been governed. Since 2016, the environmental protection organization Gansu Qingsuo Public Welfare Development Center has undertaken the task of Sifangdun governance on a voluntary basis, forming a governance mechanism of "leading the way, mass participation, and social coordination".
When I was a child, there was a wind a year, and from spring to winter, many young people went out to make a living. Ma Junhe, the head of Qingsuo Public Welfare Development Center, was born in Guodong Village, Jiahe Town, next to the Tengger Desert, and knows the hardships of the locals.
To wrestle with the yellow sand, it is necessary to extensively mobilize social forces. With the help of the Internet platform, Ma Junhe invited volunteers, enterprises and social organizations from all over the country to participate in sand pressing and planting trees, driving more than 50,000 people to devote themselves to desertification control.
This is the "Hangzhou Forest", and that is the "Class Forest" ......There are 153 such public welfare afforestation sites. Behind each public welfare forest, there is a group of volunteers who care, support and deeply participate in desertification control.
Ecological problems are also social problems. Only by finding ways to increase residents' incomes and solve the contradiction between the lives and ecology of residents in desert areas can the pressure of land desertification be reduced.
To this end, with the support of the local party committee and **, Ma Junhe launched an e-commerce assistance plan and signed an underwriting agreement with 152 farmers. By the end of 2020, a total of 5,117 agricultural products have been sold50,000 yuan, informatization benefits farmers to help more than 2,600 farmers. Through industrialization, we will feed back ecological governance, and find a feasible way for industrial desertification control and voluntary service to promote each other.
Economic development is for the sake of people's livelihood, and protecting the ecological environment is also for people's livelihood. The road of protection and development of Minqin is clearer and the prospects are more magnificent.
Coordinate the arrangement of open source and cost reduction.
We use the thinking and method of systems theory to analyze the problem, from ecological restoration to people's livelihood, and put water as an important consideration for economic and social development.
It is necessary to seek a new way of governance from the perspective of system engineering and the overall situation, and we must no longer treat the headache and the foot pain, each in charge of the same thing, and hinder each other, but must take overall consideration, implement policies as a whole, and take multiple measures at the same time, so as to carry out the construction of ecological civilization in an all-round, all-regional, and whole-process manner. * The ideology of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is the "general key" to analyze and solve problems, and the vast number of cadres and masses in Minqin deeply understand it.
Mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, "water is the root of life". A history of people's diligent desertification control is also a history of indomitable water control.
Pour into thousands of acres of blue waves, pour out 10,000 loads of rice grain. In Minqin, when it comes to water, you can't avoid the Hongyashan Reservoir, the only surface water source storage project in the county. Hongyashan Reservoir supports the survival and development of Minqin Oasis and is of great significance to maintaining the ecological balance of the basin.
Standing on the embankment of the reservoir, I saw a pool of clear water in the sky, and several rows of water birds gathered, which was as beautiful as the south of the Yangtze River. Next to the reservoir, the 16-character water control policy of "water conservation priority, spatial balance, systematic management, and two-handed efforts" is eye-catching.
In the past, due to the sharp decrease in the amount of water from the upper reaches of the Shiyang River and the large-scale overexploitation of groundwater, the sediment accumulation of the Hongyashan Reservoir caused a serious shortage of storage capacity. The water crisis is forcing the land of Minqin. Thanks to the key treatment project of the Shiyang River Basin, in 2016, the Hongyashan Reservoir was heightened and expanded, and the reservoir capacity was increased from 09.9 billion cubic meters increased to 14.8 billion cubic meters, effectively alleviating the contradiction between upstream water and irrigation area water demand.
A trickle of clear water moistens the hearts of the people. From ecological restoration to people's livelihood, taking into account open source and cost reduction, time and space, and placing water as an important consideration for economic and social development, it reflects the respect for the law and the improvement of governance capacity.
The whole basin, a game of chess, divert water from the Yellow River
In order to solve the dilemma of water shortage in the lower reaches of the Shiyang River, the second phase of the Jingdian project was used to divert water from the Yellow River to Minqin. Jingdian project is a high-lift, multi-cascade, large-flow power irrigation project.
From Jingtai County, Gansu ** City to Wuwei Minqin County, aqueducts run through the land, boosting the Yellow River water to rush for more than 260 kilometers and flow into the Hongyashan Reservoir. As of 2022, the water diversion project has transferred more than 1.7 billion cubic meters of water to Minqin, and the Hongyashan Reservoir has discharged 3 ecological water into Qingtu LakeWith 800 million cubic meters, Qingtu Lake has regained its blue waves, which also provides strong support for the economic and social development of the Shiyang River Basin.
Change the mechanism, set the target, and ask for water from the concept
From drying up to being reborn, it took more than 50 years for Qingtu Lake to be reborn. Minqin people are clearly aware that "to divert water, but also to save water". In recent years, Minqin County has insisted on determining greenery, land, people, and production with water, and taking water resources as the greatest rigid constraint.
Explore new models of water resource management. According to factors such as the total amount of available water, industrial structure, and planting area, the water use index is determined, the water right amount is detailed to the water users step by step, and the real-name water right certificate is issued to ensure that water resources are used scientifically and efficiently.
The reporter saw that the wells in the fields were equipped with "water meters" - intelligent metering and control facilities, and water could only be used by swiping the card. The mechanism has changed, the concept has changed, and water saving has become a conscious action in the daily production and life of Minqin people.
Adjust the structure, deep saving, and use science and technology to rejuvenate the water
In September last year, walking on the village road of Songhe Village, Xue Bai Town, a large area of corn grew well. The black mulch in the ground is eye-catching, and finger-thick water pipes are neatly arranged under the mulch.
This integrated irrigation system can not only improve irrigation efficiency, but also allow fertilizer to be dissolved in water and accurately distributed to the root system of crops. Zhang Xinhong, Secretary of the Party Committee of Xue Baizhen, introduced that the use of this irrigation method can save about 110 cubic meters of water per mu and save more than 30% of fertilizer.
In recent years, Minqin County has scientifically adjusted the agricultural planting structure, vigorously reduced high-water-consuming and low-efficiency crops, expanded the planting area of high-efficiency water-saving crops, comprehensively popularized water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation, and implemented the modernization of irrigation areas. In 2022, the county's agricultural irrigation will save 100 million cubic meters of water, a decrease of 20%.
What to do and how to do it is a test of the concept of political performance, and it is also a party.
** The general secretary emphasized: "The system concept is a basic ideology and working method. "The vast number of cadres and masses in Minqin learn to use systematic thinking and systematic methods to plan work, guide practice, solve problems, and promote development.
The work of desertification prevention and control is long-term, arduous, repetitive and uncertain. The vast number of cadres and masses in Minqin County said that they should deeply study and comprehend the scientific system, core essence and practical requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, consciously use the party's innovative theory to study new situations and solve new problems, work hard for a long time, persevere, and make every effort to fight the two major desert resistance battles, and make Minqin contributions to creating a new miracle of desertification prevention and control in the new era.