At present, China's manned lunar exploration mission is advancing in a close and orderly manner, and the new generation of manned spacecraft "Mengzhou" has fully entered the initial sample development stage.
According to reports, the new generation of manned spacecraft "Dream Boat" adopts a modular design, consisting of a return capsule and a service module, which can meet the needs of China's near-earth space station operation and manned lunar exploration and other tasks at the same time.
Ma Xiaobing, researcher in the field of manned spaceflight of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group: Compared with the three-cabin structure of the Shenzhou spacecraft, the new generation of manned spacecraft has a large shape, and we have adopted a two-cabin structure, a service module and a return capsule, so that the entire return capsule is larger in diameter than the original one as a whole structure. Compared with this effective volume, the effective volume in a single cabin state should be more, so as to support a long flight. Then we still have 3 people when we go to the moon, and when we are on a near-Earth mission, we can increase it to a maximum of 7 people.
On May 5, 2020, the first flight of the Long March 5B carrier rocket was successful, sending a new generation of manned spacecraft test ship into space. On May 8, the test ship re-entered and returned at close to the second cosmic velocity from an apogee altitude of more than 8,000 kilometers to verify the return scheme of a new generation of manned spacecraft.
Ma Xiaobing, a researcher in the field of manned spaceflight of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group: The aerodynamic shape of the entire return capsule has been verified, including some reusable designs, as well as key technologies such as group umbrellas. So for the lunar mission, in fact, we have to go one step further is to upgrade the corresponding comprehensive and systematic things, including the escape system. Last time, there was no manned, and the environmental life support system supported by manned personnel must be increased to ensure that the moon can be achieved and a safe return can be achieved.
In view of the characteristics of long manned flight time and long flight distance in deep space, the research and development personnel focused on strengthening the design of the astronaut safety guarantee program.
Ma Xiaobing, researcher in the field of manned spaceflight of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group: Compared with the near-earth spacecraft, which is still relatively close to the earth, then when we have an emergency in the sky, we can return to the ground within four hours. But if we go to the moon, our space and earth round-trip time is at least two days or more, which requires our spacecraft itself to have a certain redundancy system, enough redundancy system to ensure that it can last for such a long time, and to support the lives of astronauts, even in the event of an emergency failure, we must rely on ourselves to return.
According to experts, the rocket, spacecraft, and lunar lander systems have all been transferred to the initial sample development stage in accordance with the procedures of space management, and the program will be further comprehensively and refinedly designed at this stage.
Ma Xiaobing, researcher in the field of manned spaceflight of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group: After the development and production of this engineering product, we will also carry out a large number of tests and verification experiments on the ground to ensure that the entire design can be verified and realized on the ground. At present, we are in line with the goal of achieving a manned landing on the moon by 2030, and the whole system is intensively and intensively advancing various tasks.