The term "Spring Festival" first appeared on ** in 1980. The Spring Festival in the Yangtze River Delta, starting from 1980, can be roughly divided into three levels: the era of passenger ships, the era of green cars and the era of high-speed rail.
The representative route of the passenger ferry era, we first recommend Shanghai to Ningbo, because the proportion of Ningbo people in Shanghai may be higher than you expect.
We chose Fuyang, the representative city of the green car era, because since the 90s of the last century, Fuyang has been an important destination for migrant returnees in the Yangtze River Delta region.
As for the era of high-speed rail, the Yangtze River Delta region has completely become a network, and the distance between cities is constantly shortened by the railway.
No matter what the era, there is only one thing that never changes, the desire engraved in the DNA: the desire to return home and be reunited. It is also in such a bustling past that the pure geographical concept of the Yangtze River Delta has become a popular economic and cultural concept today.
Passenger Ship Era: Ships bound for Ningbo.
The high proportion of Ningbo people in Shanghai is illustrative by a set of statistics: "In 1948, when Shanghai's population was 4.98 million, there were only 750,000 locals, while Ningbo people were about 1 million, far exceeding the number of locals. ”
Newspaper page of Liberation **, 1980.
In the early years of Nanjing Road Commercial Street, those large and small franchise stores, Shao Wansheng, Lao Zhengxing, Sanyang South Goods Store, Cai Tongdetang, Pei Luomeng Suit Store ......Most of them are opened by Ningbo people.
Although in 1957, there was a train from Shanghai to Ningbo, but the distance was long, the number of trains was few, and the tickets were difficult to buy, so it was not as convenient as taking a boat. And once it comes to the Spring Festival, the railway capacity is simply not enough, the station can only rent a box car carrying goods to transport people, commonly known as a stuffy tank car, there are no seats in it, can only stand or squat, people who have experienced the box car sigh, crowded to "even every inch of air to fight".
On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1981, in order to make it more convenient for Ningbo people to go home, the Shanghai Municipal Shipping Department dispatched a 7,500-ton large passenger ship "Changli" to the Spring Festival, and the passengers had to take a boat for 10 and a half hours to Zhenhai, and the Ningbo Municipal Public Transport Department then arranged vehicles to transport passengers to Ningbo City. Similarly, to go to Nantong, Taizhou and other directions in Jiangsu, it is also necessary to take a boat overnight.
The newspaper page of Wen Wei Po in 1981.
At that time, the sixteen-shop wharf was crowded with people as soon as it arrived in the Spring Festival. During the Spring Festival in 1982, one day due to heavy fog, there was a backlog of 35 passenger ferries at the wharf, with more than 60,000 passengers.
However, with the great development of railways, in the 1990s, the "Spring Festival on the water" became more and more deserted.
In June 2000, the Xiaoyong Railway was fully accelerated, and the fastest passenger train from Shanghai to Ningbo T15 times, the running time was shortened from the original 5 and a half hours to 4 and a half hours, and soon shortened to less than 4 hours.
In the summer of the following year, the Shenyong Line, which had been in operation for 140 years, was completely suspended. The "old Ningbo" who have worked hard in Shanghai for many years are also accustomed to returning to their hometowns by train for the New Year.
However, it cannot be denied that the "Spring Festival on the Water" for so many years has carried countless Ningbo people to and from Shanghai and Ningbo, leaving a strong mark on Shanghai's commercial prosperity.
Train era: a green car to Fuyang.
Time came to the 1990s, when the market economy was transformed, Fuyang became an important "role" in the Spring Festival in the Yangtze River Delta.
In the Spring Festival in 1999, people catching a train at Shanghai Railway Station.
In 1995, "Liberation**" reported that "Fuyang has become a new source of migrant workers". The article said that in addition to the migrant workers in Fuyang, there are also many migrant workers from Hubei, Henan and other places who transit to Fuyang.
On the first day of the Spring Festival in 2006, people carrying snakeskin bags outside Shanghai Station (newspaper ** information).
In those years when there was no high-speed rail or bullet train between Shanghai and Fuyang, every Spring Festival, the "green car" was the main force on the Spring Festival transportation line, and reinforcement trains were transferred from all over the country one after another.
Before the renovation, the green car was closed manually. When the Spring Festival arrives, when the door is crowded, the people outside must push the door to close. For this reason, the railway workers on the platform also have a "closing team" to come up and help at a critical time.
Today's young people must not have seen it, during the peak of the Spring Festival, they often can't squeeze in the green car, and many people will choose to turn the window. At this time, everyone will try their best to help, the people outside the car help push in, and the people in the car help pull in, and in this countless push and pull, countless people's wishes to go home for the New Year have been realized.
At the end of 2006, when the Spring Festival began, the green car was very crowded. (Newspaper ** information).
Of course, the later green cars have been upgraded. On the eve of the Spring Festival in 2007, the Shanghai Railway Bureau has completed the transformation of 164 "green cars", of which trains in Fuyang and other directions have become the focus of the transformation. Air conditioners, faucets, "dressers" have all been remodeled or replaced. The green car from Shanghai to Fuyang takes about 12 hours, so that the environment is more hygienic and the air is fresher.
Time came to the end of 2019, the first high-speed rail train in Bozhou, Fuyang, Nanyang and other cities at Shanghai Shanghai Railway Station, ending the history of Shanghai Fuyang only running general-speed trains for many years, when the high-speed rail opened, the fastest time from Shanghai Hongqiao to Fuyang West was only 3 hours and 48 minutes, and it took 8 and a half hours to reach Fuyang by ordinary speed trains, and the running time of high-speed trains was shortened by more than half compared with general-speed trains.
However, when it comes to green cars, the wind and snow weather of this year's Spring Festival have made green cars in the news again. Many netizens are asking, why is the green car not affected by ice and snow weather, and it runs faster than the high-speed rail?
This is because the "catenary icing", which has the most serious impact on high-speed rail EMUs, has little impact on the "green cars" driven by internal combustion engines and steam engines.
Today's story: The Yangtze River Delta is densely networked.
Everyone knows the story later, many years have passed, and the railways in the Yangtze River Delta have become densely networked. High-speed rail stations such as Shanghai Hongqiao, Nanjing South, Hangzhou East and Hefei South have become regional "new landmarks". Later, the construction of high-speed rail in the Yangtze River Delta continued to "accelerate", and the EMU became the main force of passenger transportation, of which there were more and more "Fuxing".
Taking Fuyang as an example, it has formed a traffic circle from Fuyang to Hefei for 1 hour, to Nanjing for 2 hours, to Suzhou and Hangzhou for 3 hours, and to Shanghai for 4 hours.
In the Spring Festival in 2011, at Hongqiao Station in Shanghai, an old man carrying a snakeskin bag and holding his little grandson was ready to take the train (newspaper ** information).
There are so many changes.
The phenomenon of temporary carriage of passengers in boxcars has completely disappeared, and the stories of risking car windows to return home are only left in the past.
There was also the Spring Festival home that year, the banknotes had to be carefully "sewn in the pants", and with the advent of the online banking era, there was no more.
Paper tickets become electronic tickets, queuing tickets become mobile phone tickets, flat snakeskin bags become suitcases and backpacks, ......
In the 2004 Spring Festival, people waiting at the ticket window of Shanghai Railway Station (newspaper information**).
Of course, during the Spring Festival every year, the cold weather is still the same. This year's Spring Festival, many shifts in the Yangtze River Delta region, another trip home in the snowstorm. Maybe the flight home is forced to be delayed, maybe the waiting process is a little long and difficult, no matter how difficult the road is, I hope that the people who have rushed through the storm can be reunited and happy on Chinese New Year's Eve.
Liberation**·Shangguan News original manuscripts, not allowed without permission**.
Author: Li Xinxin.
WeChat editor: Antong.
Proofreading: Knock knock.