Sino-Soviet relations have always attracted the attention of the international community and can be called a "barometer" of the international situation. In the course of 42 years of exchanges between the two countries, they can be roughly summarized as "four decades", that is, "10 years of friendship, 10 years of polemics, 10 years of confrontation, and 10 years of dialogue."
From the intimacy at the beginning, to the "cold war" and "hot war" later, and then to the "warm-up" in the 80s, such ups and downs in state-to-state relations are actually very much in line with the bilateral interests of China and the Soviet Union, as well as the security needs of each other.
At the end of the 50s of the last century, Sino-Soviet relations began to deteriorate, and by the beginning of the 80s they were still in an abnormal state. In March 1982, when Brezhnev made a speech in Uzbekistan, he sent a signal to our side to improve relations.
** After analyzing the international situation at that time and the domestic situation in the Soviet Union, it is believed that the time is ripe for improving Sino-Soviet relations, and our side should take action to make active preparations for improving relations with the Soviet Union.
Since then, he has always paid close attention to the work related to the normalization of Sino-Soviet relations, and under his personal inquiry and guidance, this work has been steadily advancing.
However, whether Sino-Soviet relations can be fundamentally improved depends mainly on the performance of the Soviet Union. After all, the deterioration of relations only happens overnight, and trying to get back together is like peeling back the cocoon.
In order to normalize Sino-Soviet relations, it is believed that our side can make appropriate concessions, provided that the Soviet side satisfies the three conditions put forward by our side, otherwise all face-to-face talks will be avoided. ***, which has always been known for its toughness in foreign relations, will continue to maintain its consistent style this time.
Before the outbreak of a military conflict between China and Vietnam, the Soviet Union did not hesitate to deploy millions of troops in the northeastern border area of China in order to give a platform to the Vietnamese younger brother, and then used this to form a military threat to China, and then tried to bring China to its knees while resolving the crisis in Vietnam.
Under the checks and balances of the United States, the Soviet Union's million troops did not act rashly, otherwise the consequences would be unimaginable, and after the end of the self-defense and counterattack war against Vietnam, the Soviet Union had no intention of withdrawing its troops.
** It is believed that the premise and precondition for the normalization of Sino-Soviet relations is that the Soviet Union should withdraw its troops deployed on the border between the two countries.
Gorbachev readily agreed to this condition, and our side also promised to reduce the number of troops deployed on the northeastern border when the Soviet Union withdrew its troops one after another.
In late December 1979, the Soviet army suddenly launched a large-scale military invasion of Afghanistan, which caused great harm to the Afghan people and made the international situation suddenly tense.
The Soviet Union's purpose in doing this was very clear, that is, to compete with the US military for various rights and interests in Afghanistan. At that time, the United States and the Soviet Union were in a critical period of the Cold War, and Afghanistan became the ultimate victim.
This behavior of the Soviet Union aroused strong international opposition and posed a great threat to neighboring countries. When *** put forward this condition, Gorbachev also happily agreed.
The reason behind it is self-evident, after the Soviet army invaded Afghanistan, it did not achieve the goal of a quick victory as expected, but instead made the Soviet army mired in the quagmire of war and difficult to get out.
At the end of the 70s of the last century, Vietnam, at the instigation of the Le Duan clique, had been propagating the erroneous view of "Greater Indochina". In order to realize this unrealistic delusion, the Vietnamese army openly invaded Cambodia and Laos.
Among them, after the Vietnamese army invaded Cambodia, it caused great disasters to the Cambodian people, and this kind of blatant aggression against other countries has caused extremely bad international impact.
In the face of Vietnam's brazen invasion of Cambodia, our country absolutely cannot sit idly by, and this is also an important reason why our army sent troops to Vietnam.
Against this historical background, Gorbachev was asked to make the last condition, hoping that under the mediation of the Soviet Union, the arrogant Vietnamese army would withdraw from Cambodia and give the people of that country appropriate compensation.
In the end, Gorbachev immediately agreed to this condition. After the Soviet Union successively agreed to these three conditions, Sino-Soviet relations were greatly improved, which also laid an important opportunity for Gorbachev's "trip to China" in 1989.