In nature, mushrooms are a common fungus that grows in a variety of environments. Understanding the environment and conditions in which mushrooms grow is of great significance for mushroom cultivation and conservation. This article will detail the environment and conditions under which mushrooms are grown to help readers better understand this field.
First, let's take a look at the classification of mushrooms. Mushrooms belong to the phylum Basidiomycetes, Mushroom Class, and Mushroom family in the fungal kingdom. They come in a variety of varieties and can be classified according to different classification criteria. Among them, mushrooms can be divided into two categories: terrestrial mushrooms and aquatic mushrooms according to the growth environment.
1. Terrestrial mushrooms.
Terrestrial mushrooms refer to mushrooms that grow on land. This type of mushroom needs to live in symbiosis with trees, herbaceous plants, and other plants during the growth process. They are connected to the root system of the plant through mycelium and obtain nutrients from the plant. As a result, terrestrial mushrooms usually grow in plant communities such as forests, grasslands, gardens, etc.
The growing conditions for terrestrial mushrooms include the following:
1.Temperature: The suitable growth temperature for terrestrial mushrooms is generally around 20. In the right temperature range, mushrooms will grow faster. Temperatures that are too high or too low can affect the growth rate and quality of mushrooms.
2.Humidity: Mushrooms need to maintain a certain humidity environment. During the mycelium growth stage, soil moisture should be between 60%-80%. During the mushroom emergence stage, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained between 80% and 90%. Insufficient humidity will affect the quality and yield of mushrooms, and too high humidity will easily cause diseases.
3.Light: Terrestrial mushrooms tend to grow in a dark, damp environment, so they don't need much light. Too much light can inhibit the growth of mushrooms and even lead to hyphae death.
4.Soil: Terrestrial mushrooms grow in acidic soils rich in organic matter, with a pH of 45-6.between 5. The permeability and drainage of the soil also affect the growth of mushrooms.
2. Aquatic mushrooms.
Aquatic mushrooms refer to mushrooms that grow in water. This type of mushroom mainly includes mushrooms on aquatic plants such as lotus root and water chestnut, as well as some mushrooms that grow freely in water. The growing conditions for aquatic mushrooms include the following:
1.Temperature: The suitable growth temperature for aquatic mushrooms is generally around 20, which is similar to that of terrestrial mushrooms.
2.Water quality: The water in which aquatic mushrooms grow should be fresh, unpolluted, and need to be changed regularly. The amount of nutrients in the water can also affect the growth and quality of mushrooms.
3.Light: Aquatic mushrooms need plenty of light for photosynthesis, so aquatic plants need to be placed in sunny areas. However, too much light can also inhibit the growth of mushrooms, so proper shading is required.
4.pH: Aquatic mushrooms are suitable for growing in neutral or weakly alkaline water, and the pH value is generally 65-7.between 5. Excessive acidity or alkaline water quality can affect the growth and quality of mushrooms.
In conclusion, understanding the environment and conditions in which mushrooms grow is of great significance for cultivating and protecting mushrooms. In practical application, it is necessary to select suitable varieties and cultivation methods according to different environments and conditions to improve the yield and quality of mushrooms. At the same time, it is also necessary to understand the growth environment and conditions of wild mushrooms, so as to avoid the destruction of the ecological environment and the waste of resources caused by blind collection.