China and the United StatesyearsThe confrontation witnessed the rise of China.
During the Korean War, China and the United States faced off fiercely for three years, and China, which was poor and white, miraculously defeated the powerful United States. For two decades after the war, relations between the two countries remained below freezing.
However, with the changes in the international situation and the hostilities between China and the Soviet Union, Sino-US relations have begun to show signs of recovery. After Nixon's visit to China, the two countries re-established diplomatic relations and entered a short honeymoon period in which cooperation was wide-ranging.
However, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States reassessed the global situation and regarded China and Russia as targets that must be suppressed and attacked, resulting in Sino-US relations turning from hot to cold, and even falling to the bottom.
In the process, there were five heart-wrenching incidents for the Chinese, which still haunt many Chinese people.
The Yinhe incident shocked the world and can be called the most severe pressure on China since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States. During Clinton's tenure, the most intense and direct confrontation between China and the United States basically took place in the 90s of the last century.
For the young people of the post-95s and post-00s, they may not know much about the five humiliations that the United States once inflicted on China, but these things should not be forgotten. Clinton can be considered the initiator of the new Cold War strategy, and when he took office, the power gap between China and the United States was huge, but he was full of wariness of China.
It was also during this period that the "China threat theory" gradually emerged in the United States. Since 1993, Clinton has begun to contain China in many aspects, the most iconic of which is the Galaxy incident in July 1993.
On July 23, 1993, the United States** suddenly claimed that the Chinese cargo ship "Yinhe" docked in Bandar Abbas was loaded with raw materials for the production of chemical **, and threatened to impose sanctions on China if it did not stop the ship immediately for inspection.
This move triggered the United States to quickly send military forces to monitor the "Galaxy". The Chinese side resolutely refused this, and the "Yinhe" continued to sail without being inspected by the US military.
However, in order to achieve its goal, the United States has adopted the means of cutting off the GPS navigation of the "Galaxy" so that it cannot sail normally. Despite this, the crew on the "Galaxy" did not give in and held out for more than a month.
At the critical moment when the "Milky Way" was about to run out of food and water, China had to accept the inspection requirements of the United States and let it sail into Dubai Harbor. In the process, the Chinese crew witnessed first-hand the brutal inspection of the cargo by the American side.
The results are obvious, after many days of careful inspection, the American side did not find any illegal items on the "Galaxy", but only declared that there were no chemicals on board.
In the face of China's demand for an apology, the United States quibbled and tried to obscure the past. This incident has deeply saddened many diplomatic workers, and at the same time, it has also prompted China to learn from the pain and accelerate the research and development process of the Beidou system.
After the Yinhe incident, the military friction between China and the United States did not subside, and the confrontation between China and the United States in the Yellow Sea in October 1994 once again stirred up a tense atmosphere. Compared with the East China Sea and the South China Sea, the Yellow Sea has also been a place for the U.S. Navy to set foot in.
Against this background, the US aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk sailed into the waters of China's Yellow Sea without notifying the Chinese side in advance. Soon after, the Han-class nuclear attack submarine of the Chinese Navy appeared, but the US Navy took action instead, taking the lead in sending planes to track and calculate the position of the submarine.
This has undoubtedly intensified the military confrontation between China and the United States.
In the face of provocations by the US military, the nuclear attack submarine of the aircraft carrier "Kitty Hawk" did not flinch, but firmly prepared for combat and reported to the Qingdao base. After receiving the information from the front, the base command immediately dispatched two Jian-8 and two Su-27 fighters to escort and support, and the two sides met on a narrow road in the Yellow Sea, and the scene was tense and intense.
Just when everyone thought that the conflict was about to break out, the US military chose to retreat, and the "Kitty Hawk" aircraft carrier returned to its home port. Although the conflict was ultimately averted, the entry of the US military into China's territorial waters without permission still constitutes a serious provocation to China's sovereignty.
This incident had a major impact on the deterioration of Sino-US relations, and as a result, China stepped up the construction of its navy. Since then, the naval and air contest between China and the United States has officially begun.
The "Taiwan Strait Crisis" in 1996 was undoubtedly the most severe suppression of China, far exceeding the impact of the "Galaxy Incident" and the "Sino-US confrontation in the Yellow Sea". At that time, Clinton secretly supported ** after taking office, but kept a low profile and did not make the issue public.
However, in May 1995, the White House suddenly announced that Clinton would allow an "unofficial" visit, and he took the opportunity to deliver a speech on the United States, declaring that he would strengthen Taiwan-US relations through various means, and even put forward the so-called slogan of "breaking through diplomatic isolation."
The so-called "unofficial" visit sparked strong discontent in China from the start. Before May, the White House had made it clear that it would resolutely prevent *** from going to the United States, but in the turn of his head, he gave him the green light and even carried out propaganda and momentum, which is undoubtedly a serious provocation to China's diplomacy and completely exposes the United States' attempt to suppress China through the Taiwan issue.
In response to this incident, our country responded promptly. Beginning in July 1995, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) conducted missile launches and military exercises in batches in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, which lasted until November 23.
From 8 to 25 March of the following year, our army conducted a second large-scale missile launch and military exercise.
** The exercises plunged Taiwan into a huge panic, and they immediately declared a state of maximum alert and introduced a U.S. aircraft carrier battle group into Taiwanese waters, fearing that the PLA would really take action.
The addition of the US aircraft carrier battle group further violates China's sovereignty, and our country has ordered a full-scale attack as soon as Taiwan declares independence or the US military has further actions.
However, the United States did not want the situation to escalate and eventually exercised restraint. Nevertheless, the crisis did not lead to serious consequences, and the United States temporarily abandoned the principle of undermining one China and banned the Taiwanese leader from visiting the United States for the next few decades.
On May 8, 1999, the United States bombed the Chinese Embassy in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, causing a major uproar among Chinese journalists and innocent civilians, and Sino-US relations fell to a freezing point.
The bombing of the embassy by the United States has made the Chinese extremely angry. After the incident, the US side showed indifference, and the Secretary of Defense even openly declared: "Sacrifice is inevitable in war."
Although the United States later expressed condolences and regret over the loss of Chinese personnel and property under pressure, its attitude was not sincere, resulting in Sino-US relations falling to a freezing point and diplomatic relations almost severed.
Eventually, Clinton personally came forward and sincerely apologized, and the two sides began to resume diplomatic dialogue. However, the US investigation into the matter was perfunctory, and a month later it only gave an explanation for the so-called "accidental bombing of the target", which is unacceptable.
In the end, the United States dealt with eight intelligence officers and paid $28 million in compensation. But this matter has become an eternal pain in the hearts of Chinese, and every time it is mentioned, it is painful.
On 1 April 2001, a tragic incident occurred in the airspace over the South China Sea. After Clinton left office, Bush Jr., who took over the country, did not change his China policy, but instead intensified tensions.
On this day, the US EP-3 electronic intelligence reconnaissance plane unexpectedly intruded into China's airspace, and the naval aviation immediately dispatched two J-8II fighters to track and intercept it.
In the course of tracking, the US plane collided with a Jian-8II fighter of our army, and our pilot Wang Wei chose to parachute, but his whereabouts are unknown, while the US plane was seriously damaged and could only land at Lingshui Airport in Hainan.
After the EP-3 electronic intelligence reconnaissance plane incident, our navy immediately took control of the seriously damaged US reconnaissance plane and its crew and launched a search and rescue operation. The United States immediately demanded the release of the detained pilots, but our diplomats insisted that the US military reconnaissance plane deliberately rammed our fighter and illegally landed on our territory without permission, and that they were the main body of responsibility and must accept the corresponding punishment, apologize, and compensate.
Soon after, the Chinese Navy officially announced that martyr Wang Wei had died heroically, and the Chinese side once again expressed its strong response to the US side's actions. In the face of hard facts, the United States finally chose to formally submit a letter of apology.
The heroic deeds of martyr Wang Wei are unforgettable. The fighter number "81192" he piloted has become a number remembered by netizens, and some people spontaneously commemorate it on April 1 every year.
However, what people didn't expect was that Bush Jr. actually showed a flattering attitude. After the Chinese side released the crew of the US military reconnaissance plane, its attitude changed instantly, first receiving the crew members back to China with a ceremony to welcome the heroes, and then denying in a public interview that the US military was the perpetrator of the "collision incident."
After this incident, China began to make great efforts to develop the navy, and all kinds of advanced ships and aircraft were released one after another.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the confrontation between China and the United States has become less intense, not because the contradictions between the two countries have diminished, but because the United States has focused more on the cause of counterterrorism, and China's power has also increased.
However, the iron law that "if you fall behind, you will be beaten" has not changed. During the period when there was a large gap in strength between China and the United States, China paid a lot of blood and tears. It is only when our country grows in strength that this stigma gradually disappears.
Reference: "The Trend of Sino-US Relations after the Cold War" - Chu Shulong, "Sino-US Relations and the Asia-Pacific Region"Dual leadership system"- Zhao Quansheng.