The cycle of rise and fall of ancient Chinese feudal dynasties was often accompanied by a movement to change the law. Such movements are usually initiated by a few knowledgeable people who dare to challenge vested interests, risk offending the powerful, and try to solve internal and external problems through reforms. In many cases, however, these movements have failed, and the promoters have been demoted, dismissed, or even killed. ChinaHistoryAmong the many reform movements, the Qin Dynasty'sShang martingale, the mistakes of the Han Dynasty, and the Ming DynastyZhang Juzhengand so on are well known to everyone. However, during the Song and Song dynasties, which were famous for their reforms, the reform movement also arose from time to time, and although almost all of them ended in failure, fortunately, the status of scholars and doctors in that period was relatively high, and the end of the important ministers who changed the law was relatively impressive.
Song ShenzongAfter ascending the throne, he sought to enrich the country and strengthen the army, and he appointed itWang AnshiThis important minister, conferring on him the post of prime minister, thus began the famous ".Wang AnshiChange". Wang AnshiThe reform measures include the Exemption Law, the City Change Law, and Fang TianjunTax lawetc., these measures offended many landlords and gentry, especially to the gentrySima GuangThe old school, led by him, became his enemy. However, the New Deal lasted only 6 years before it failedWang AnshiHe was also ousted from office, and his reputation plummeted. Southern Song DynastySince the literati and scholars have been rightWang AnshiThere is a lot of disdain, scolding him as a "traitor", comparing him with characters like Wang Mang and Jia Yidao, and even saying: "The cause of national unification is divided by its merger."Wang AnshiThe sin also. ”
However, until the end of the Qing Dynasty,Wang Anshionly to get a really objective evaluation,Liang QichaoMr. praised him as "a perfect man under three generations" and "China's."Cromwell”。This shows that the judgment of events is always toHistorycan draw accurate conclusions in the long river.
Wang AnshiNot only politically talented, his poetryCalligraphyAlso quite talented. He is known as a member of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", and his works have even been included in Chinese textbooks. And whereasCalligraphyField,Wang AnshiThe only work that has survived is ".Lengyan SutraPurpose. This piece is usedLinesWritten, the vertical and horizontal dimensions are 299 cm and 119 cm, currently in the collection of the Shanghai Museum, are listed as first-class cultural relics prohibited from leaving the country for exhibition. The work was written in 1085, that isWang AnshiA year before his death. At the time, he put his thoughts on ".Lengyan Sutrato collate toLinesform on paper. According to the inscription, this work was proofread and engraved by himLinchuanIn the temple, the date of the personal signature is April 11, the eighth year of Yuanfeng.
The overall arrangement of this work is very tight, but it does not give the impression of blockage, because the strokes of each character are very thin and delicate, and the ink color is relatively light. 《Xuanhe Book Pedigree>> YesWang AnshiofCalligraphyThe evaluation is very high: "Most of his line works use light ink, written at a fast speed, and do not seem to have thought too much, just to express their meaning." A lot of people are judging himCalligraphyIt is inherited from the brushwork of the Jin and Song dynasties, which is both beautiful and not too gorgeous, but also beautiful and not too boring. ”
The characteristic of this work is that the strokes of each word are mostly presented in the way of entering the paper against the front, the center of the line is the main, the stroke is really crisp, the main and secondary are distinct, and the horizontal drawing is elongated to the left, there is a kindHuang TingjianThe style of the "spear and halberd". The vertical painting is full and powerful, horizontal and vertical, and the left and right sides are opened, round **. The knot is a little dangerous on the side, the left and right structures are staggered, the center of gravity moves up and down, dangerous and stable, and there is a sense of peace in the strange. This work has been collected by Wang Meng, Xiang Yuanbian and others.
However, many netizens watched the ".Lengyan SutraEssentials, it will be unceremoniously called "ugly books". However, a closer look reveals its uniqueness. For the ancients,Wang AnshiThe word is "Adultery."CalligraphyThis kind of tastingArtThe angle is untenable.
In summary,Wang AnshiofCalligraphyThe work ".Lengyan SutraThe Essentials is his only authentic work, and although controversial in some ways, it is undoubtedly ChineseCalligraphyArtimportant contributions, tooWang AnshiPrecious for the worldCultureHeritage. For such a thingHistoryCharacter, we can't simply use the label of "adulterous appearance" to deny everything about him, we should objectively evaluate his political achievements andArtTalent. By passingHistoryresearch and onArtappreciation, we can better understand and carry forward the traditionCulturevalue.