Han Lap often pities the cold and bitter; The Spring Festival is especially Chunhuien. ——Xinyuan Taoist People's UnionWrite a Spring Festival couplet for the New Year
Author:Jiang Weiqun.
After entering the wax moon, the Spring Festival is coming soon, and when the Spring Festival arrives, it is a child's business to set off firecrackers; When the Spring Festival comes, it is an adult's business to paste couplets; But writing Spring Festival couplets is a very cultural thing. Especially in the old villages, who has good handwriting, everyone in the village knows that buying red paper and sending it over, although there is no pen fee, but it is a very glorious thing. Now the printing technology is too developed, and the printed Spring Festival couplets are full of streets, who still makes Spring Festival couplets, and who still writes Spring Festival couplets?
As everyone knows, the emergence of Spring Festival couplets gave birth to a style of writing, and of course, it also eliminated the old custom of hanging peach charms. In the past, the peach charm was originally written with the names of the two gods, or to draw images, and later some people used peach boards to write auspicious words to remove misfortune and pray for blessings, and then developed into two dual verses. As a result, the so-called "peach fu verses" were produced, also called "Yingti". This kind of peach charm can be said to be the prototype of the Spring Festival couplets.
The earliest pair of couplets is the Spring Festival couplet, which appeared in the period of the Five Dynasties, "Song History, Shu Family" contains: Meng Chang's life bachelor's inscription peach charm, with its non-work, self-appointed pen inscription cloud: "New Year's Yuqing, festival number Changchun". This pair of couplets inscribed by Meng Chang, the lord of Hou Shu, is recognized as the first Spring Festival couplet in China.
As a result, the rhetorical technique of duality has "given birth" to the couplet, an independent style of writing, and there have been spring couplets, marriage couplets, longevity couplets, elegiac couplets, couplets, etc., a unique culture in the world that makes people happy to hear about the millennium.
By the Song Dynasty, couplet creation had become a common practice. Celebrities like Su Shi, Zhu Xi, and Huang Tingjian also have many couplet works handed down. By the time of the Ming Dynasty, the Spring Festival couplets were officially affirmed and promoted as a form. According to the Qing Dynasty's "Hairpin Cloud Building Miscellaneous Words", it is recorded: "The establishment of the Spring Festival couplets began with the Ming Taizu. The imperial capital Jinling, Chinese New Year's Eve decree: Gongqing Shishu's door must add a pair of Spring Alliances. "Spring Festival couplets became an executive order and were solidified.
In some Ming Dynasty notes such as "Collected Poems of the Dynasties" and Zhou Hui's "Jinling Trivia", not only similar to the above descriptions were made, but also wrote that Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, had given couplets to the Minister of Civil and Military Affairs and others in his own name. For example, the scholar Tao An: "There is no peerless scholar in the strategy of the country; The first Hanyuan article. "The function of the Spring Festival couplets has been expanded.
Customs are the quickest form of popularization, and once accepted by the people, their influence and enforcement power are greater than any official directives. Then again, without the appearance of the first Spring Festival couplets of the Shu lord Meng Chang's "inscription peach charm", and without the promotion of the Spring Festival couplets by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, there would be no Chinese New Year on the land of China.
The vitality of the Spring Festival couplets is very strong, like a piece of spring grass growing, like a spring flower blooming a city, because of this, the seasonality of the Spring Festival couplets is closely inseparable from the current situation. In the past, there were not many literate people in the countryside and villages, and there were many illiterate people, and most of the Spring Festival couplets followed the old words, and pinned their hopes on the abundance of planting and animal husbandry, so there was a "bumper harvest of five grains, and six animals were prosperous" Spring Festival couplets. The town is commercially developed, and there is also a general union that everyone can recite, "business is prosperous and leads to the four seas, and the wealth is lush." ”
The current Spring Festival couplets often leave the imprint of the times, and some obvious political characteristics are also preserved.
For example, when cutting the queue in the countryside, the Spring Festival couplets posted by the educated youth are all "rooted in the countryside and unswerving, and the broad world refines the red heart". Of course, I often make jokes, I remember that the educated youth in the village posted a Spring Festival couplet, "sprinkle blood and fight the heavens and the earth; Good sons and daughters have ambitions in all directions. I didn't want to sprinkle the word more horizontally, and it became the word "wine". Zhuantian Village Party Secretary came to the door and said, why do you still have "hot wine" in the Spring Festival couplets.
I remember that at that time, a couplet in Tianjin was magnificent: "The mountains and rivers of the motherland are red, and the two banks of the Haihe River are full of sunshine." Family planning also left a memory: "New things are done, and the family is beneficial; Late marriage and late childbearing benefit the country and the people. "But there is a couplet that should always be written and always new, and it should be written to write the expectations of the common people
The motherland has a beautiful day; Spring breeze everywhere in China.
Indeed, the spring breeze does not need to be bought with a penny, but it can allow the people of Lishu to enjoy peace with peace of mind, which is the greatest hope.
This article was published in the January 10 issue of the Middle-aged and Elderly Times Supplement