Qian Xuesen, the father of China's missiles, was awarded the medal by the United States for his outstanding contributions in the field of missile technology, which is a high affirmation of Qian Xuesen's scientific contributions by the United States.
Qian Xuesen: It is not advisable to visit the United States, but to embark on the road of study with the ambition of serving the country.
Qian Xuesen, a child born in a famous family in China, showed superhuman talent at the age of three, can recite hundreds of Tang poems, and is known as a prodigy.
In 1929, Qian Xuesen was admitted to the School of Mechanical Engineering of National Jiaotong University, and in the context of Gengzi's indemnity, he was given the opportunity to go to the United States for further study after graduation.
In the face of bullying by the motherland, he strengthened his belief in serving the country and realized the importance of talents for the development of science and technology. So, he set foot on American soil and entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to study in aeronautics.
However, in this prestigious school, Qian Xuesen and Chinese students were ostracized by the Americans. He was often alone in the corner of the school, working hard and concentrating on scientific knowledge.
Qian Xuesen chose the Department of Aeronautics of the California Institute of Technology for further study on the road of pursuing aviation theory. Under the careful guidance of his mentor von Kármen, he made rapid progress. Despite his immense respect for his mentor, he never compromised and always adhered to the truth when it came to scientific matters.
Once, his ** was questioned by his mentor, but he did not waver, and eventually the mentor von Kármán admitted his opinion and bowed to him and apologized. This kind of scientific openness allowed Qian Xuesen to find warmth in a foreign land.
He received two Ph.D. degrees in aeronautics and mathematics from the California Institute of Technology in 1939, where he remained as an assistant professor at the invitation of his supervisor.
In the same year as Qian Xuesen's graduation photo, Professor von Kármán accepted an invitation from the US Department of Defense to preside over missile research. Professor von Kármán founded the "Aviation Jet General Corporation", while Qian Xuesen advocated the establishment of a large "Jet Propulsion Laboratory", or "JPL" for short.
After the establishment of the JPL, Qian Xuesen was appointed as the head of the rocket research team, responsible for theoretical research and other work. Undoubtedly, Qian Xuesen has made outstanding contributions in the United States. But what he has always wanted is to return to the motherland and apply everything he has learned to the construction of the motherland, so that the Chinese people will not be bullied by foreign enemies.
Qian Xuesen returned to the motherland with great difficulty, and began to carry out socialist construction under the call of the party and the people.
When the news of the proclamation of the founding of the People's Republic of China appeared in the newspapers, Qian Xuesen's heart was full of excitement. He told his wife: "China has been liberated, and it is time for us to go home and build the motherland." ”
He knew that the United States would not let him return to China easily, so he asked for leave from school under the pretext of returning to China to visit his father. However, the news was learned by the US Navy Undersecretary Kimbell.
Due to the foreign policy of the new China, the United States is hostile to the new China, and even panicked, fearing that the international students are spies. Kimbell learned about Qian Xuesen's achievements in the United States, and when he heard that he was going back to China, he felt very suspicious.
So, he notified the U.S. Immigration Bureau: "Qian Xuesen can be worth five divisions no matter where he is in **." I'd rather kill him than let him leave America. After investigation, the US side found that Qian Xuesen was ready to return to China, so it decided to revoke his license and prohibit him from engaging in rocket research.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States **sailed** into the Taiwan Strait, which caused the relations between China and the United States to deteriorate rapidly.
In order to return to his homeland, Qian Xuesen actively prepared, managed to buy a ferry ticket from the United States to Canada, and planned to fly to Hong Kong through Canada. However, just as he was about to leave, the FBI suddenly appeared at Caltech and accused him, claiming that he was"Communist Party member", in an attempt to steal important documents and bring them back to China.
Soon after, he was illegally detained by USCIS and sent to a detention facility on Termino Island, south of Los Angeles. Despite Qian Xuesen's unjustified detention, a number of newspapers united to oppose his arrest by the US authorities.
With the efforts of many parties, he finally wrote a letter of guarantee and paid 1$50,000 in security to regain his freedom.
After Qian Xuesen was released from prison, he suffered from aphonia and couldn't say anything. In order to help her husband recover his health, the wife is willing to give up her career and stay by his side every day. **During this period, Qian Xuesen's aphonia gradually**.
But what he hates even more is that the United States ** restricts his personal freedom, and ** spies on him at his doorstep every day. He instructed China to issue a solemn statement to the US side, demanding that Qian Xuesen's personal freedom be restored as soon as possible, and condemning the US side for forcibly detaining Qian Xuesen on various groundless grounds.
After learning of this, domestic scientists also supported him through various channels. However, due to the war between China and the United States at that time, Qian Xuesen was unable to return to China.
Until one day in 1954, he saw a report on the May Day Ceremony of New China in the newspaper, and also saw the name of his father's friend Chen Shutong.
He tried his best to bypass ** and sent a distress signal to Chen Shutong. After Chen Shutong received the letter, he immediately reported the matter to ***.
Two months after the Geneva Conference, China sent a delegation with China as its chief representative to conduct an international conference with other countries in Geneva, Switzerland. During the meeting, ** put forward a request for the release of Qian Xuesen to return to China.
After an effort, China eventually forced the U.S. authorities to agree to the request by releasing the 11 U.S. pilots and obtaining Qian Xuesen's letter as evidence. Three days later, Qian Xuesen received a notice that he was allowed to return to China, and his heart was full of emotion, and he immediately prepared to return to his motherland, and there was no moment of willingness to stay in the United States.
Regarding Qian Xuesen's return to China, ** attached great importance to it, and instructed *** to send a telegram in the name of Qian Xuesen's father, Qian Junfu, to welcome him home, and remind him to pay attention to safety on the road and not to get off the boat halfway.
At the same time, ** also promised to arrange for a friend to pick him up at the border post.
Qian Xuesen's family was preparing to return to China On September 17, 1955, Qian Xuesen's family came to the port early to prepare to return to China. A reporter stepped forward and asked Qian Xuesen: "Qian Xuesen, you have achieved high achievements in the United States, do you plan to come back in the future?" ”
After hearing this, Qian Xuesen replied righteously: "I will always be loyal to the Chinese people and let them live a happy life." This was a decision that Qian Xuesen had thought about for a long time before he decided not to return to the United States, but to his home country.
On October 8, Qian Xuesen's family arrived in Hong Kong and entered the mainland from Luohu Bridge in Shenzhen on the same day. After many difficulties and dangers, Qian Xuesen returned to the motherland that he longed for.
After returning to China, Qian Xuesen was initially assigned to work at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, responsible for presiding over and leading the research work in the field of mechanics of the Academy of Sciences.
Since Qian Xuesen did not know much about the country's development, the relevant departments arranged for him to go to the northeast region for inspection.
After learning that Qian Xuesen was conducting an inspection in Northeast China, General Chen Geng immediately returned to Harbin to prepare for the reception, and accompanied Qian Xuesen to visit the scientific research and teaching institutions of the Kazakh military industry, and prepared a grand welcome banquet for him.
Qian Xuesen's "Opinion on the Establishment of China's National Defense and Aerospace Industry" submitted after the inspection has received great attention from *** and ***. A month later, with the support of the People's Republic of China, the Military Commission established the Aviation Industry Committee, with the director and Qian Xuesen as the member.
In the missile development work, in order to ensure Qian Xuesen's safety, he convened many meetings of the public security department. After learning of the poisoning incident of Beijing's spies, ** also personally equipped Qian Xuesen with food inspectors.
The development of China's national defense is inseparable from a great scientist - Qian Xuesen. He devoted almost all his time to research work, led all the staff, and jointly achieved outstanding achievements in China's defense industry.
On June 17, 1967, China's first hydrogen bomb airburst experiment was successful; In April 1970, the first artificial satellite developed by the Chinese was successfully launched.
Since then, China has become a world aviation power and is no longer afraid of the imperialist nuclear threat. A colleague of Qian Xuesen in the United States once said fairly: "If Qian Xuesen stays in the United States, he may achieve good scientific research results."
But he chose to return to China, but he turned a poor and weak country into a world power. ”
Qian Xuesen politely refused the invitation of the United States, and insisted on staying in the motherland after China's first hydrogen bomb**. In the 70s of the 20th century, with the gradual improvement of Sino-US relations, scientific and technological exchanges and exchange of visits by scientists became more and more frequent.
Against this background, some well-known scientists in the United States sent an invitation to Qian Xuesen, hoping that he would be able to visit the United States. At the same time, the American Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Engineering also discussed the work of Qian Xuesen, and unanimously agreed that he had made outstanding contributions to the development of the world's aviation industry and should be awarded corresponding medals.
They said that if Qian Xuesen is invited to visit the United States, he will be conferred the titles of academician of the American Academy of Sciences and academician of the American Academy of Engineering. However, Qian Xuesen declined the invitation of the United States and insisted on staying in China.
His decision reflects his deep love for his homeland and his unwavering belief in the cause of science, and his contribution will forever be remembered in the pages of human history.
During his visit to China, Kiveworth Advisors expressed his deep apologies to Qian Xuesen for the unjust treatment of this distinguished scientist by the United States. They proposed to invite Qian Xuesen to visit the United States, and the relevant scientific research institutions commended him for his great contributions to the scientific community.
If Qian Xuesen is unwilling to visit, they will personally send Pres, president of the American Academy of Sciences, to China and award him the "National Medal" in recognition of his international contributions. However, Qian Xuesen politely declined the invitation on the grounds that the situation in returning to China was complicated and it was inconvenient for him to visit the United States again.
He believes that if he goes to the United States, he may be mistaken for confirming something wrong, which he does not want to see. Although Qian Xuesen was bedridden in his later years, he was still thinking about major issues related to socialist construction.
Before he died, he said with emotion: "I have done too little for the motherland and the people, and the people have given me too much." ”
In his later years, Qian Xuesen interpreted the noble moral character with practical actions and became a model for the Chinese. Although he has left us, his oath of "I will always be loyal to the Chinese people" still echoes, like an unquenchable lamp, illuminating China's future.