How to extend the land contract period for another 30 years to ensure the rights and interests of landless peasants
Extending the right to contract management in rural areas for 30 years is a shot in the arm for China's long-term development and social stability. However, the reform of the rural homestead system is also facing many new issues, the most prominent of which is the protection of the rights of a large number of landless peasants. On this basis, this paper analyzes the impact of the current farmland transfer system on landless farmers, discusses the countermeasures provided by some scholars, and discusses the countermeasures of landless farmers in China.
With the continuous extension of the contract period, farmers' farmland property rights have been more guaranteed, thus promoting farmers' investment in farmland and promoting the improvement of farmland management efficiency. However, for landless farmers, this measure only deepens their exclusion. Farmers who do not have arable land do not receive direct benefits from contracted management, and therefore lose the means to earn income from farming, thus making their economic conditions worse.
In addition, the extension of the contract period will also have a certain impact on the marketization of China's farmland circulation. In order to obtain higher income, some farmers have a greater willingness to continue to operate to a certain extent, which will lead to the continuous reduction of the area of arable land that can be rented, which in turn will limit their demand for farmland transfer.
In view of the protection of the rights of landless peasant households, scholars at home and abroad have put forward corresponding countermeasures. Here are some of the key options and their feasibility analysis:
Improve the farmland circulation market
Relevant personages believe that the state should introduce Taiwan policies to promote the flow of farmland and allow peasant households without farmland to have more room for farming. The main contents are: simplifying the circulation procedures, reducing the circulation costs, and ensuring the legitimacy of the circulation contract.
Feasibility study: Because the orientation of the first can effectively promote the development of the agricultural land transfer market, the feasibility of this project is high, but there are regional differences and the complexity of the practice.
Promote the development of rural collective economy:
Experts suggest that landless peasants should be supported to participate in the collective economy, such as cooperatives and family farms, in order to obtain income in a common way.
Feasibility study: This model is conducive to landless farmers to invest in agricultural production in a collective way, but it still needs to deal with the problems of collective management and how to reasonably distribute the income.
Strengthening the social insurance system:
In the areas concerned, the departments concerned should establish a basic livelihood security system for landless peasant households, including subsistence allowance and medical care.
Feasibility study: This plan will help reduce the pressure on landless farmers to survive, but it will also increase the country's financial resources.
(c) Support for vocational training and entrepreneurship:
In view of these problems, this paper puts forward policy suggestions to strengthen the employment, employment and employment of landless rural households.
Feasibility study: The project is conducive to solving the employment problem of landless rural households, but it should focus on the pertinence and effectiveness of training.
Maximizing the allocation of land system:
It is suggested that on the premise of respecting the current system of farmland property rights, a sound farmland allocation system should be established, and the unfairness in farmland allocation should be gradually improved.
Feasibility study: The plan involves a series of changes in the agricultural land system and should be carefully pursued to avoid causing new social conflicts.
In addition to the approaches suggested by these experts, I believe that there are a number of other options that could be considered:
Establish representative groups of "landless farmers": form professional groups of "landless farmers" to give them a voice and actively participate in relevant decision-making.
Promote the development of rural sharing economy: provide services for landless farmers through the sharing of agricultural machinery and planting technology.
Intensify education on the legal system for landless peasant households, so that they will be aware of their own rights and responsibilities, so as to enhance their own ability to take precautions.
Research new agricultural management methods: through "community mutual assistance" and "crowdfunding", etc., to increase income channels for landless farmers.
In short, the continuous extension of the contract period has brought new opportunities for the stability and development of China's agricultural land system, but in order to effectively safeguard the legitimate rights of landless peasant households, it is necessary to cooperate with the forces of all parties. Only by taking multiple measures can we build a more just and harmonious rural society.