An overseas newspaper once said of a general: "He is a tumbler ...... of the General Staff."Let the wind and waves rise, sit firmly on the fishing boat. The general mentioned by this newspaper is the founding general Peng Shaohui, who served three terms as deputy chief for 19 years, and only when he was deputy chief general, he changed five general chiefs. In the entire history of the People's Republic of China, Peng Shaohui was the longest-serving deputy chief.
Peng Shaohui was born in Xiangtan County, Hunan. He developed a sense of resistance under the tempering of poor life, and consciously participated in the peasant ** movement that arose in Hunan. In 1927, when the Kuomintang reactionaries launched a counter-revolutionary coup, Peng Shaohui left his hometown and went to Shaoshan to find the famous "Mao Commissar" in southern Hunan to continue the revolution. However, he didn't find ***, and then he went to Changsha to find ***, but there was still no whereabouts of the other party. He heard that *** was in Wuhan again, so he climbed on the train to Wuhan. By the time he arrived in Wuhan, Wang Jingwei had already betrayed the revolution, and Peng Shaohui had nowhere to look for it. (Actually, ** was still in Wuhan at this time, and only went to Changsha as a special correspondent on August 12).
After a difficult search, Peng Shaohui, who had nowhere to go, had to settle in the Kuomintang warlord He Jian first. He thought: In this way, you can mix a full meal first, and you can also learn some skills and then find *** in the future, Peng Shaohui was a soldier in the first division and one regiment of the 35th Army, and later the regiment was reorganized into the fifth independent division of the Hunan Army, the division commander Zhou Pan, the commander of the first regiment is *** That's it, Peng Shaohui, who missed the opportunity to follow *** to participate in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, came to *** and participated in the Pingjiang Uprising.
After the Pingjiang Uprising in 1928, Peng Shaohui served as a squad leader in the 7th Regiment of the 13th Division of the Red Fifth Army. After the Pingjiang uprising, ** quickly reacted and attacked Pingjiang in a big way. The rebel army was outnumbered and withdrew from Pingjiang and moved to Xiushui, Tonggu and other places. In the transfer of battles, more than half of the troops were lost, and there were traitors who defected to the enemy. At this most critical moment, Peng Shaohui applied to join the party. Huang Gongluo spoke with him several times and eventually introduced him to the Chinese Communist Party.
After that, Peng Shaohui successively served as squadron leader and teaching team leader. In 1930, after the Red Third Army conquered Changsha, Peng Shaohui had served as the commander of the First Regiment of the First Division of the Red Third Army and became the middle-level backbone of the Red Army. After that, Peng Shaohui participated in the Red Army's five anti-encirclement and suppression, and almost all of them commanded a regiment and a division to serve as the main force. In June 1932, Peng Shaohui served as the commander of the First Division of the Red Third Army.
In the fourth anti-encirclement and suppression, Peng Shaohui led the first division and was ordered to attack the enemy army in Caotaigang. **Special advice: Perak Mountain is the key to winning this anti-encirclement and suppression operation, and it must be taken down. Peng Shaohui took the troops up the mountain in the early morning and told *** that if I can't take this mountain, I won't go down the mountain! The terrain was so steep that the Red Army took it after more than ten hours of fierce fighting. At noon, when the enemy broke and fled down the mountain, Peng Shaohui picked up the guns dropped by the enemy and led everyone to charge down.
As a result, during this charge, Peng Shaohui was shot twice in his left arm. When the guard opened his sleeve to look, the blood couldn't stop flowing out, and the bones had been broken into several pieces. In order not to affect morale, Peng Shaohui asked the guards not to make a noise, and after roughly bandaging the wound, he hung the severed arm around his neck and continued the pursuit.
It was only in the evening that he was admitted to the Red Army hospital. **After learning about this, he specially called**: "No matter what, you must keep his left arm, the Red Army needs this arm to continue to command the battle!" "However, because some of the bones were completely broken and the injuries were not treated in time, the arm was not able to be reconnected even after three surgeries. The previous injury was bleeding excessively, and it would be life-threatening not to amputate the limb. There was no way, the Red Army Hospital had to amputate Peng Shaohui, and Peng Shaohui has since become one of the one-armed generals of our army. After the liberation, ** once held Peng Shaohui's single arm and apologized to him for getting angry in that battle.
After this injury, Peng Shaohui spent seven or eight months recuperating in the hospital. During this time, he learned to play leggings with one hand, ride horses, and shoot guns. Out of consideration for him, the organization wanted to transfer him to a local job. Peng Shaohui resolutely did not agree to go to the place and wanted to stay in the army. But the military adviser Li De did not agree to his request, and in the end, it was Peng Shaohui who went to find *** to let him return to the Third Army Corps for the sake of his blood. However, the Third Army Corps no longer had any suitable position, and at the beginning of the Fifth Anti-Encirclement Campaign, he had to go to Xingguo to organize a supplementary division, and later this unit was reorganized into a model division for Xingguo.
Later, Peng Shaohui was successively transferred to the post of commander of the 34th Division of the Red Fifth Army Corps and commander of the International Division of the Young Communist Party, and commanded the troops to participate in the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression. Peng Shaohui and Xiao Hua led the International Division of the Young Communist Party to cover the transfer of the Red Third Army Corps.
Later, this unit was abolished and incorporated into the Red.
In the 1st and 2nd Divisions, Peng Shaohui was transferred to the post of chief of the operations section of the Red Army Headquarters. When the Red Army fought Zunyi for the second time, Peng Shaohui returned to the Third Army Corps. At that time, there was no suitable position, and ** asked apologetically: "How about you go to the teaching camp?" Peng Shaohui agreed without hesitation.
Until. The 1st and 4th Front Armies met and Peng Shaohui was transferred to the 30th Army of the Fourth Front Army as chief of staff. When Zhang Guotao openly announced the ** party and the Red Army, Peng Shaohui wrote a letter to ** to report his thoughts. As a result, the letter fell into the hands of Zhang Guotao, who was very dissatisfied with it and asked him to talk. At that time, Zhang Guotao's cronies accused him a lot, and even took out a gun and pointed it at him. In the end, it was ** who took the gun to save Peng Shaohui's life.
After that, Peng Shaohui was deprived of military power and went to the Red Army University as a section chief. It was not until the arrival of the Red Second Front led by ** and others that he was transferred to the Red Sixth Army as chief of staff. Later, under the combined effect of the lessons of practice, the efforts of the First Front, the struggle of the First and the Comintern representative Zhang Hao, Zhang Guotao had to lead the Fourth Front Army to the north, and the First and Fourth Front Army reunited. After Peng Shaohui arrived in northern Shaanxi, he served as the head of the teaching regiment of the Red Second Front Army.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Peng Shaohui served as the head of the 120th Division's teaching regiment, and crossed the Yellow River with the 120th Division to the anti-Japanese front in the northwest of Shanxi, and then advanced to the central and Shanxi-Hebei border areas. Although he is disabled, Peng Shaohui is always well-groomed, and he is the first to exercise on the playground every day, which has deeply affected the students of the teaching group. In April 1939, Peng Shaohui went to the northwest of Shanxi Province to serve as the commander of the 358th Brigade (the new 358th Brigade, the original 358th Brigade was in Jizhong at this time, and the brigade commander was Zhang Zongxun).
In the northwest of Shanxi, Peng Shaohui attacked the Japanese puppet army and recovered Lanxian, Fangshan and other cities; The "Fifth Column" composed of Yan'an students advanced to Jinchaji and escorted them safely through the Tongpu Road, which was heavily sealed by Japanese strongholds and armored vehicles. Later, the new 358th Brigade was reorganized into the 2nd Independent Brigade and participated in the anti-sweeping and 100-regiment battles in the spring of 1940.
In 1942, Peng Shaohui went to Yan'an to study, and the following year he was transferred to Kang University as vice president, and then he also served as the president of the seventh branch of Kang University. There are more than 3,000 students and more than 300 faculty members in the seventh branch. ** once joked: "Confucius 3,000**, seventy-two sages, you are more virtuous than Confucius!" ”
During the Liberation War, Peng Shaohui served as the acting commander of the Jinsui Luliang Military Region. He led his troops to participate in the Southwest Jin Campaign, the Fenxiao Campaign, etc. In 1948, the first and two independent brigades of the Luliang Military Region formed the Seventh Column of the Northwest Field Army, and Peng Shaohui was transferred to the commander of the column. After the formation of the unit, it remained in Shanxi and participated in the Taiyuan Campaign, and then followed North China after the Taiyuan Campaign.
Ten. The 8th and 19th Corps advanced to the northwest (at this time it was already the Seventh Army), and marched into the southwest with the 18th Corps. Later, the two divisions under the jurisdiction of the Seventh Army went to Jinan and Jinxi respectively and were reorganized into artillery; The other division was reorganized into an air division.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Peng Shaohui was first ordered to set up the First Senior Infantry School, and then served as chief of staff of the Northwest Military Region and commanded the Ganqing to suppress bandits.
In October 1954, Peng Shaohui was appointed Deputy Chief of General Staff and Deputy Director of the Training Directorate Department of the People's Liberation Army. During his tenure as deputy chief of the General Staff, Peng Shaohui once went abroad to observe the exercises of the Soviet army, and he had a deep memory of the Soviet army's combat regulations and was ready to compile our army's combat regulations to promote the modernization of the army.
In 1958, the "anti-dogmatism" struggle took place, and a large number of generals such as Su Yu were wrongly criticized and faded out of the military circles. At that time, the training director department was accused of serious problems. Although Peng Shaohui, as vice minister, was not criticized, he was also implicated, and the post of deputy chief of staff was removed to serve as vice president of the newly established Academy of Military Sciences.
However, Peng Shaohui, who was relieved from the administrative affairs of the deputy chief of staff, had more time to realize his pursuit. During his tenure as vice president of the Academy of Military Sciences, he presided over the drafting of a number of combat doctrines of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and also organized the compilation of the "Compilation of Tactical Materials" for the four field armies. Hundreds of thousands of words before and after.
In 1960, Peng Shaohui was reappointed chief of staff, mainly responsible for mobilization, establishment, equipment, and anti-chemical warfare. During his tenure, Peng Shaohui participated in the preparations for the 1964 all-army competition. He presided over the meeting and drew up meticulous and arduous work such as the regulations for the competition, the progress plan, and the logistics standards for group divisions.
In this year, the ** Military Commission decided to abolish the military rank system. Peng Shaohui served as the head of the clothing investigation and research working group, and on the basis of extensively soliciting the opinions of the headquarters organs and major units, he put forward a reform plan for the PLA's clothing, collar badges and cockades. In 1965, the General Staff Headquarters issued a document that all commanders and fighters of the army changed to wear 65-style military uniforms from June of that year.
Just as Peng Shaohui was working hard for the modernization of our army, ** broke out. Peng Shaohui was inevitably impacted, he was first implicated in the "Million Heroes" incident, and then he was labeled as a "** element", "element", "fake party member" and so on.
However, the more difficult the moment, the more you can see the noble character of a person. From the very beginning, he was unequivocally opposed to the storming of the army by the rebels. Someone wanted to force him to admit something unwarranted, so he said: "Something that has not been done, no matter how much pressure there is, you can't admit it." Someone asked him to find Chen Zaidao's black materials, and many people had avoided Chen Zaidao at that time, but Peng Shaohui said: "Chen Zaidao is a good comrade, a good comrade!" ”
Fortunately, **I knew his situation shortly after the start of the "Cultural Revolution", **stated: Peng Shaohui was born in a poor peasant, carried a sedan chair and let go of cattle, he is a good comrade! With these words, the ** group and the "Gang of Four" did not make a big deal ** Peng Shaohui. In 1969, Peng Shaohui returned to serve as deputy chief of the general staff of the People's Liberation Army.
In that special era, Peng Shaohui always maintained the ethics of a Communist Party member. When confronted with the "Gang of Four's" ulterior motives for putting forward a proposal to run the militia on a large scale, Peng Shaohui, head of the National Militia Work Leading Group, resolutely opposed the demand for the establishment of a "militia headquarters" under the Chinese armed forces system, thus thwarting the conspiracy of the "Gang of Four."
In 1970, Peng Shaohui was diagnosed with an aortic hemangioma, and the doctor set him "six prohibitions". However, when he bent over and coughed, Peng Shaohui still insisted on heavy work. After the "Gang of Four" was crushed, he worked even harder, often going to the front line to inspect the situation of the commanders and fighters.
On April 24, 1978, Peng Shaohui woke up with a pale face. His previous two days were already extremely bad, and his wife persuaded him to go to the hospital. But Peng Shaohui refused, he stubbornly attended the meeting that day, and made a speech at the meeting for more than an hour. After returning home, Peng Shaohui had severe pain in his chest and back, so he went to the hospital to have a look, but the condition was so urgent that the doctor asked him to be hospitalized immediately. Peng Shaohui said: "There are still documents that have not been processed, can you come to the hospital tomorrow?" It wasn't until the staff finally promised to send the documents as soon as possible the next day that Peng Shaohui agreed to stay. As a result, Peng Shaohui's condition deteriorated that night and he passed away.
Peng Shaohui died at the age of 72, which is not a long-lived among the founding generals. But he did a great job. Peng Shaohui had ups and downs in the nearly 30 years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and served as deputy chief of the general staff of the People's Liberation Army three times. During his tenure as deputy chief of the general staff, he successively experienced Su Yu, Huang Yongsheng, and five chief generals or acting chiefs, with a time span of 23 years, and he actually held this position for 19 years.