Buckwheat, also known as pure intestinal grass, black wheat, and triangular wheat, is a nutritious miscellaneous grain and a grain crop with high economic value in the market. Buckwheat is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, etc., and has a variety of benefits for human health, such as lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, lowering blood sugar, anti-cancer, anti-aging, etc. Buckwheat can also be used as fodder, green manure, nectar source, etc., and has a wide range of uses. So, what is the planting time and harvest time of buckwheat? How do you grow high-yielding and high-quality buckwheat? This article will give you a detailed introduction.
Buckwheat is a hardy crop that is suitable for cultivation in spring and autumn. The exact timing of planting and harvesting varies from region to region, with sowing generally taking place in March-April or August-September, and harvesting in May-June or September-October.
Buckwheat planted in spring has a long growing season, generally taking 120-140 days to mature. In the north, buckwheat grown in the spring is generally harvested in May-June. In the south, buckwheat grown in the spring is usually harvested in April due to the warmer climate. Buckwheat planted in spring is generally sown at a rate of 15-20 kg per mu, with a sowing depth of 3-5 cm and a sowing row spacing of 20-30 cm. Before harvesting, it is necessary to observe whether the buckwheat grains are ripe, and the way to judge is to gently pinch the buckwheat ears, and if the grains are loose, it means that they are ripe. At this time, it should be harvested in time to avoid the buckwheat kernels falling. The buckwheat can be harvested by hand or mechanically, and after harvesting, the buckwheat is stacked in a ventilated and dry place to wait to dry or dry.
Buckwheat grown in autumn has a short growing season, generally taking only 60-80 days to mature. In the northern region, buckwheat grown in autumn is generally harvested from September to October. In the south, buckwheat grown in autumn is usually harvested in October. Buckwheat planted in autumn is generally sown at a rate of 10-15 kg per mu, with a sowing depth of 2-3 cm and a row spacing of 15-20 cm. Before harvesting, it is necessary to observe whether the buckwheat grains are ripe, and judge the buckwheat in the same way as the buckwheat planted in the spring. At this time, it should be harvested in time to avoid the buckwheat kernels falling. The buckwheat can be harvested by hand or mechanically, and after harvesting, the buckwheat is stacked in a ventilated and dry place to wait to dry or dry.
The planting techniques of buckwheat mainly include soil selection, water management, fertilization management, weeding control, and pest control.
Buckwheat is suitable for growing in fertile, loose, well-drained soil. It should not be planted in heavy sandy soils, heavy clay soils or wet soils. Buckwheat does not have strict requirements for soil pH, generally at pH 55-7.5 can be grown. Buckwheat has a strong tolerance to soil salinity, generally in the range of 0Less than 3% can grow normally.
Buckwheat needs the right amount of water to grow, but not too much. During planting, it is necessary to pay attention to timely watering, but do not overwater so as not to affect the growth and development of buckwheat. The water requirement of buckwheat varies with the growth stage, and the water requirement is generally greater at the sowing stage, tillering stage, flowering stage and grain filling stage, while the water requirement is smaller at the seedling stage, jointing stage and maturity stage. According to different growth periods, the frequency and amount of irrigation should be reasonably arranged, and the soil should be kept moderately moist to avoid drought and flood.
Buckwheat requires less fertilizer and generally does not require fertilization. If the soil is poor, an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer can be applied. The fertilizer requirement of buckwheat varies with the growth period, and the fertilizer requirement is generally larger at the sowing stage, tillering stage, flowering stage and grain filling stage, while the fertilizer requirement is smaller at the seedling stage, jointing stage and maturity stage. According to different growth periods, fertilizer should be applied rationally to increase soil fertility and promote the growth and development of buckwheat.
Buckwheat grows slowly and is easily competitive by weeds, affecting the growth and yield of buckwheat. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out weeding and weeding control in time during the growth of buckwheat to keep the field clean. There are many methods of weeding and weeding, such as manual weeding, mechanical weeding, chemical weeding, etc., and the appropriate method can be selected according to the actual situation. The time of weeding and weeding control is generally carried out at the seedling stage, tillering stage and flowering stage of buckwheat, and it is avoided at the filling stage and maturity stage to avoid damage to buckwheat.
The main pests and diseases of buckwheat are buckwheat rust, buckwheat aphids, buckwheat borer, etc. In order to control pests and diseases, the following points need to be done:
Choose healthy seeds and disinfect them to avoid bringing in germs or eggs.
Choose a suitable planting location and avoid adjacent to other susceptible crops to prevent cross-infection.
Sow seeds at the right time to avoid overlapping with the high incidence period of pests and diseases, and reduce the chance of disease or damage.
Proper dense planting, maintain good ventilation and light transmission, reduce humidity, and reduce the breeding of germs.
Moderate fertilization and watering to avoid excessive nutrients or moisture, which can lead to excessive growth of buckwheat and attract pests and diseases.
Timely weeding control reduces weed competition and shade, and also reduces the hiding place of pests and diseases.
Observe the field conditions, find signs of pests and diseases, and take timely control measures, such as manual capture, physical barrier, biological control, chemical control, etc.
Buckwheat is a nutritious and economically valuable multigrain crop that is suitable for cultivation in spring and autumn. The timing of planting and harvesting of buckwheat varies depending on the region, but it is generally sown from March to April or August to September, and harvested from May to June or September to October. The planting technology of buckwheat mainly includes soil selection, water management, fertilization management, weeding control, pest control and other aspects, and it is necessary to pay attention to reasonable arrangements to ensure the high yield and high quality of buckwheat. Hopefully, this article will be helpful to you.
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