The ultrasonic cleaner can be used to clean the surface of bronze cultural relics such as hard soil, rust products, soluble salts and chemical reagent residues. Its principle is to use the high-frequency oscillation signal sent by the ultrasonic generator, which is converted into high-frequency mechanical oscillation through the transducer to send out ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the medium-cleaning solution. The functions of ultrasonic waves include the energy of ultrasound, the energy released during hole destruction, and the stirring and flow of ultrasonic waves on the medium. Ultrasonic waves change the speed of movement of the particles, so that the solution produces "holes", due to its good cavitation, the diffusion speed of the particles in the solution is accelerated, and the reaction is carried out more thoroughly. Ultrasonic waves radiate forward in the cleaning liquid, so that the liquid flows and produces tens of thousands of tiny bubbles, these bubbles are formed and grown in the negative pressure area of the longitudinal propagation of ultrasonic, and quickly closed in the positive pressure area, in this process called the "cavitation" effect, the bubble closure can form an instantaneous high pressure of more than 1000 air pressures, and the continuous high pressure is like a series of small "** constantly impacting the surface of the utensils, so that the dirt on the surface of the utensils and the crevices quickly peel off, So as to achieve the purpose of purifying the surface of the utensils.
At present, laboratories are generally equipped with this equipment, and there are various models of ultrasonic cleaners sold on the market, and the appropriate cleaning tank should be selected according to the different sizes of the utensils when purchasing. Ultrasonic cleaning can significantly improve the cleaning speed of the utensils, so that the residue can quickly leave the surface of the utensils, which is easy to operate and has high cleaning and rust removal efficiency. The commonly used ultrasonic cleaning medium is water, and it is usually used in conjunction with other chemical reagents, such as sodium tripolyphosphate.
In practice, the main attention should be paid to:
1) When there is no solution in the cleaning tank, the power must not be turned on. Water and aqueous solution should be added to the cleaning tank, and the standard water level should be reached.
2) Put the utensils that need to be cleaned into the cleaning grid, and then put the cleaning grid into the cleaning tank, and never put the utensils directly into the cleaning tank, so as not to affect the cleaning effect and damage the instrument.
3) Set the ultrasonic power according to the power requirements of the utensils cleaning. The temperature of the aqueous solution and the appropriate cleaning time can be set according to the need. When cleaning in the ultrasonic field, the cleaning time should not be too long, otherwise, it will cause tiny pinholes on the surface of the utensil, which will affect the appearance and corrosion resistance of the surface of the utensil.