On March 28, 1945, the person in charge of the Northwest Bureau and the Border Region visited the Yangjialing Auditorium for his 60th birthday"Revolutionary old-timers"Offer blessings.
This highly respected elder is none other than Lin Boqu. It is worth mentioning that when New China was about to be established in 1949, ** personally selected Lin Boqu as the host of the founding ceremony, and said: "He is the one who presides over the founding ceremony." ”
So, who is Lin Boqu? Why can it be highly praised by leaders such as ***?
Lin Boqu: Pioneer of China's Democratic Revolution Lin Boqu, a native of Anfu, Hunan, was born in 1886 in a scholarly family. In 1904, he resolutely went to Japan to study with dozens of Hunan government-funded students.
In August 1905, Lin Boqu attended the inaugural meeting of the China League held in Tokyo and joined the League. This was the first important starting point of his life's work, and since then he has embarked on the journey of China's democratic revolution.
After returning from Japan, Lin Boqu was sent to work in Jilin and carried out the "Frontier Revolution" launched by the League. After the establishment of the Central General Association of the League, Lin Boqu was recalled to Shanghai, and soon sent to work in Hunan.
On the eve of the Wuchang Uprising, he was ordered to instigate an uprising of officers and soldiers in the Changde New Army and the patrol battalion, and finally succeeded, but the revolutionaries only ruled for 10 days before Tan Yanmin usurped power.
Lin Boqu followed Mr. Sun Yat-sen and successively participated in the Second Revolution, the National Protectorate, and the First War. However, the defeat of the ** war made Lin Boqu feel unprecedented pain, and at the same time, it also prompted him to repeatedly think about the reasons for the defeat and explore a new way out.
Lin Boqu was a pioneer of China's democratic revolution, and his contributions will always be remembered.
At a time when the old democratic revolution suffered many setbacks, Lin Boqu received the news of the success of the October Revolution and saw the dawn of China's future. He said: "From the October Revolution, I realized that the toiling masses can only be liberated by overthrowing capitalism, that the proletariat is the main force of the revolution, and that its liberation is closely linked to the destiny of all mankind.
These understandings were told to me through friends in Beijing and Japan. With the help of these Marxist concepts, I gradually dispelled my doubts and grasped the truth. In 1920, Lin Boqu's mother died, and he returned to his hometown to bury his mother and then returned to Shanghai, but his life was in trouble, and he could only eat kimchi in a small restaurant to satisfy his hunger.
Just when he was confused, his friend Li Dazhao wrote and said: "Brother Lin, I recently heard that your situation is very bad, if you don't mind, you can go to Chen Duxiu, or come to Beijing to find me."
Chen Duxiu initiated the organization of the Communist Party in Shanghai, and Li Hanjun, Shao Lizi and others participated. I, Zhang Guotao, and Deng Zhongxia organized a ...... of the Communist Party group in Beijing”
Chen Duxiu and Lin Boqu's many conversations in the French Concession in Shanghai led Lin Boqu to join the Shanghai Communist Group in January 1921 under the guidance of Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu.
His transformation was not only through reading Marxist theoretical works, but also through the combination of years of revolutionary practice and Marxism. In 1923, Dr. Sun Yat-sen appointed Lin Boqu as the deputy director of the General Affairs Department of the Chinese Kuomintang, and his position was very unique in the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
Lin Boqu helped Dr. Sun Yat-sen to reorganize and "resurrect" the Kuomintang, and introduced many Communist Party members and Socialist Youth League members to join the Kuomintang, including more than 80 people.
When Dr. Sun Yat-sen died of illness in 1925, Lin Boqu carried his coffin to see him off, and then followed his will to continue to fulfill his last wishes. However, just as Lin Boqu was fully engaged in the peasant movement, Chiang Kai-shek and other Kuomintang New Right factions set off a craze, not only squeezing out the Communists, but also forcing Lin Boqu to leave the post of peasant minister.
Despite the defeat of the National Revolution, Lin Boqu did not waver in his convictions. A friend of his friends advised him to leave the Communist Party in the newspaper and offered to protect him after he left the Communist Party.
However, Lin Boqu rejected the offer, and his faith and persistence deserve our respect.
Lin Boqu did not hesitate to refuse his friend's proposal, he said firmly: "Since I have chosen this path, I will continue to walk, no matter what the result is, I will not regret it, and I will not care about my personal future." ”
Later, Lin Boqu devoted himself to the Nanchang Uprising, served as the chairman of the Military and Political Committee, and shouldered the task of raising funds for the uprising troops. In 1933, he came to the ** Soviet District and served as Minister of National Economy, successfully leading the people of the Soviet District to complete the task of supporting the front.
Under the financial difficulties of the Soviet areas, Lin Boqu paid attention to the development of agricultural production and extensively popularized the action of saving grain in order to ensure the supply of the Red Army and the people of the Soviet areas.
At the same time, he borrowed money from local kulaks to meet the financial needs of the revolutionary war. This move not only ensured the supply of supplies at the front, solved the needs of the people, but also dealt a heavy blow to the enemy.
After the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression", the Red Army was forced to start a 25,000-mile Long March, in which Lin Boqu also participated. During this period, he served as the director of the Confiscation and Requisition Committee and the head of the General Supply Department, and actively raised food and funds.
Although ** assigned him a horse, he rarely rode it, but gave it to the wounded, and he marched on foot with the warriors on crutches, which can really be described as "shoulder-to-shoulder finance".
Lin Boqu, Chinese proletarian revolutionary and veteran of the Communist Party of China. He took an active part in the establishment and consolidation of the anti-Japanese national united front, advocated a peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident, and made many efforts to expand the strength of the Red Army.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he always firmly supported and upheld peace, and made great contributions to China's anti-Japanese cause.
Lin Boqu proposed at the Luochuan Conference: "In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Red Army shouldered the heavy task of rejuvenating the nation, and should make more extensive use of our forces and play a key role in the national strategy, so as to meet the expectations of the people of the whole country."
Our goal is to organize a national war of resistance, but also to ensure stability in the rear. After the Luochuan Conference, Lin Boqu was sent to work in Xi'an, where he often shuttled between Xi'an and Yan'an, directing the work of the Xi'an Eighth Route Army Office and assisting rescue groups and patriots in their activities.
Lin Boqu made great contributions to the development of the anti-Japanese popular movement and salvation groups. In October 1937, Lin Boqu and the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China jointly supported and led a meeting and parade of groups from all walks of life in Xi'an to commemorate the first anniversary of Lu Xun's death, and criticized the Kuomintang's erroneous policy of "saving the country and the party, not the people", and at the same time demanded that the Kuomintang open up the popular movement and let the people have the freedom to save the country and resist Japan.
In September 1939, Lin Boqu took advantage of his stay in Chongqing to meet with Wang Ming, Bogu and others with Jawaharlal Nehru, the leader of the Indian National Congress Party, who was visiting Chongqing, and had in-depth exchanges on the situation of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
In the spring of 1940, Chen Jiageng, the leader of overseas Chinese in Nanyang, personally led a delegation in order to express his condolences to his compatriots who had returned to China, including Lin Boqu, ** and Dong Biwu.
In their conversation with Tan Kah Kee, they made a sincere discussion on the issues of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Subsequently, the chairman and ** and others also sent blessings to Lin Boqu. In 1941, the difficulties in the border area gradually intensified, and in the face of this situation, Lin Boqu actively responded to the call of the border area and led the masses in the border area to launch a large-scale large-scale production movement.
Lin Boqu personally led everyone to participate in production activities, they cultivated wasteland, and also accumulated fertilizer next to it. One day, a farmer saw Lin Boqu get up so early every day to pick up dung, and felt very moved, so he asked his son to pick up two loads of dung and pour it on Lin Boqu's dung heap, and said: "You are old, there are many things, let us pick up dung for you in the future!" ”
Lin Boqu replied with a smile: "I understand your kindness, but although I am old and very busy working in the first place, the large-scale production movement is called for, I can't help it, I still have to insist on picking up manure and participating in the production movement."
After all, I'm just an ordinary person! Under his leadership, the military and civilians in the border region overcame many difficulties and built the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo border region into an exemplary anti-Japanese democratic base area.
Chiang Kai-shek's dissolution of the Comintern in May 1943 gave Chiang Kai-shek a new hope - to "surrender" the Communist Party. In June of the same year, Chiang Kai-shek personally wrote a letter to ***, inviting him to go to Chongqing to discuss the problem.
The letter was brought back to Yan'an through Zhang Zhizhongtuo**, but half a year has passed, and our party has not replied. On January 16, 1944, in order to peacefully adjust the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and facilitate the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, ** took the initiative to meet with Guo Zhongrong of the Kuomintang in Yan'an, and told him: "We are ready to select one or three people from *** Lin Boqu and ** to go to Chongqing together to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek ......."Guo Zhongrong reported the news to Chiang Kai-shek, and soon after, the Kuomintang authorities replied: "Welcome *** Lin Boqu and ** three people to Chongqing together." ”
Half a month later, ** found Guo Zhongrong again, and then said to him: "After discussion and study, our party decided to send Comrade Lin Boqu to Chongqing to meet Chiang Kai-shek first. ”
On April 29, Lin Boqu, Wang Ruofei and others set off from Yan'an and arrived in Xi'an on May 2. At the same time, Kuomintang negotiators Zhang Zhizhong and Wang Shijie also arrived in Xi'an.
On May 4, representatives of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began talks. During the talks, Lin Boqu took the lead in proposing: "The 11th Plenary Session of the Kuomintang Central Committee decided to adopt a political solution to the relationship between the KMT and the Communist Party. ”
In the face of Lin Boqu's questions, Zhang Zhizhong and Wang Shijie did not answer, but they repeatedly asked Lin Boqu to raise specific questions for negotiations.
Lin Boqu suggested that the five points put forward at the Yan'an meeting to commemorate the 19th anniversary of the death of Mr. Sun Yat-sen should be used as the basis for negotiations. These five opinions include recognizing the legal status of the Communist Party of China, recognizing the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo border region and the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines, recognizing all anti-Japanese troops under the leadership of our party, expanding the scale of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army and providing food and ammunition support, and restoring the name of the New Fourth Army.
Zhang Zhizhong and Wang Shijie disagreed with these proposals and advocated holding talks between the KMT and the CPC on current issues related to the military and border areas. Lin Boqu stressed that after a long period of resistance against Japanese aggression, the regular army led by the CCP has 477,500 people, organized 220,000 militias, and asked the people to give 6 armies and 18 divisions numbers first.
Zhang Zhizhong and Wang Shijie finally agreed to give 4 corps and 12 divisions. Subsequently, the two sides held many negotiations, and compiled the agreed results into a record, which was signed by the representatives of both sides and reported to **, and the two *** made a final decision.
After Lin Boqu signed the record on our behalf, Zhang Zhizhong and Wang Shijie refused to sign, claiming that it was only Lin Boqu's personal opinion. Despite repeated conversations, the two sides were unable to reach an agreement, and the negotiations reached an impasse.
However, on March 28, 1945, the day of Lin Boqu's 60th birthday, ** decided to hold a birthday celebration for him. "Liberation**" published a congratulatory message for Lin Boqu's birthday and congratulations to Lin Boqu personally revised: "You are a veteran of the revolution in our country, since the Xinhai Revolution, in the course of history, you have always stood at the forefront of the revolution.
Now that the liberation of the Chinese people is about to be victorious, your birthday will also be the favorite day of the Chinese people. "On this afternoon, the leaders came to the Yangjialing Auditorium to congratulate Lin Boqu on his birthday.
Seeing so many people congratulating him, Lin Boqu was extremely happy. Looking back on his past journey, he sighed: "On the revolutionary front, I am just a soldier and a veteran.
If there is anything that deserves my comfort, it must be that I can always follow the direction of progress at any time, and do not hesitate to leave behind those things that are destined to die.
At the same time, it will also stand with the broad masses of the people at the most critical juncture and absorb the fighting strength from among them. However, although Lin Boqu's efforts and contributions have been affirmed by the ** and the people, the impasse in the negotiations has not been resolved.
In order to prepare for the new CPPCC and establish New China, he worked tirelessly and diligently, sometimes even working for more than 20 hours in a row.
He also wrote "Serve the people, work for the world!" Two sentences, and put their own stamp. Before the founding ceremony, ** found Lin Boqu and asked him to be the host, and said: "The host of the founding ceremony is none other than you!" ”
Lin Boqu said excitedly at the founding ceremony: "I am very happy that everyone is here today to celebrate my birthday. I wish all comrades a healthier temper in the coming struggles and add happiness and prosperity to millions of people! ”
At 3 o'clock in the afternoon of the founding ceremony, Tiananmen Square was full of people, and Lin Boqu presided over the inauguration ceremony of the **People's **People's Republic of China**, announced: "The founding ceremony of the **People's Republic of China**People** begins!" ”
Immediately afterwards, ** solemnly announced to the world in his Hunan accent: "The People's Republic of China **People** has been established today!" The square was filled with jubilation, with 54 gun salutes firing 28 in unison.
Lin Boqu, who was standing behind ***, was full of excitement in his heart, and he quietly listened to *** read out the announcement in a loud voice. From joining the League to today, Lin Boqu has been fighting for China's democracy and independence.
Now, New China has been founded, and the people have stood up! Lin Boqu also staged a military parade and colorful fireworks and did not leave Tiananmen Square until half past eight in the evening.
As the secretary general of the people, Lin Boqu devoted himself to the construction of New China, managing every opportunity, working diligently, and working hard to unite the people of all ethnic groups across the country and restore the national economy.
He was still in the first. 1. He was elected vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress at the Second National People's Congress, and was re-elected as a member of the National People's Congress and a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China.
Lin Boqu's life is very simple, and he once lived in a small house of only 20 square meters. It's both his office and his place to rest at night.
There was only one single bed in the house, covered with straw mats and a simple futon.
Lin Boqu, a diligent and down-to-earth leader with a democratic style, is like an "old servant of the people", leading the masses to work hard and innovate. He is strict with himself, lenient with others, always insists on abiding by the party constitution and party discipline, is modest and prudent, and never is proud and complacent.
His leadership style was well received by the masses and yielded good harvests every year. He played an important role in building the "three-three regime" and united people inside and outside the party to work together.
Even though he was in his prime, he still traveled all over the country, gaining an in-depth understanding of the local situation and observing the sufferings of the people. On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he wrote a poem expressing his vision for the future of the motherland.
However, this old man, who had done his best for New China, died on May 29, 1960, at the age of 74. Today, his ashes are stored in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery to commemorate his great achievements.
After Lin Boqu passed away, people from all walks of life expressed their condolences. Eulogies were also sent by *** and democrats from many countries. **On behalf of the Communist Party of China**, he delivered a eulogy and spoke highly of Lin Boqu: "Comrade Lin Boqu has devoted himself to China's great revolutionary cause since he was young, and he has been fighting for the revolutionary cause all his life.
He was always a thorough revolutionary and made a significant contribution to the cause of the liberation of our people! "Lin Boqu is the hero of the founding of China and the founding father of the People's Republic of China.
In his revolutionary career of nearly half a century, he always closely followed the direction of the revolution and always stood with the broad masses of the people in difficult moments. Although Lin Lao has left us, his contribution will always be remembered in our hearts!