Profile
Mr. Zhang Bingguang is currentThe only jade carving master in Chaoshan area who won the honorary title of "Master of Chinese Arts and Crafts", he has been focusing on jade carving for more than 30 years, influenced by Chinese traditional culture, Lingnan culture and painting aesthetics, in the design and carving of high-grade jadeite, he has widely absorbed the artistic essence of many famous artists of the Lingnan School, and has learned the essence of Chinese painting, murals, lacquer paintings, gray sculptures and other different art categories before, and integrated his own life experience and humanistic qualities into the creation of jade carving. It has formed its own aesthetic concept and carving style, transformed jade processing into fine cultural creation, created a new style of jade carving with Lingnan painting style, and created a set of "heart" and "** combined jade creation theory, which provides a theoretical basis for cultivating jadeite creative talents, and pushes the artistic level of Jieyang jade jade carving to a new height, so that Jieyang occupies a remarkable place in the entire Chinese jade carving industry, which is admirable. Recently, he accepted an exclusive interview with a reporter and talked about his struggle and creative experience.
People are like jade, and they become talents
Born in 1962, Mr. Zhang Bingguang is a native of Jieyang, and he has engaged in many occupations before entering the jade carving industry. Because he has loved painting since he was a child, at the age of 19 he began to learn Chinese painting under the master of Chinese painting Wei Mingming. I thought that he could embark on the road of painting he loved, but due to the financial pressure of his family, he had to give up studying Chinese painting halfway, and instead joined Chen Chenguang and Chen Huibiao, two masters of gold lacquer painting (both of whom are winners of the "Chinese Arts and Crafts Lifetime Achievement Award").
In the past few years, Zhang Bingguang has made a name for himself in the Chaoshan area and is well-known in the industry. However, the project of painting folk paintings came and went, and the income was not optimistic. In order to supplement the family, he also tried a lot of side jobs, burning tile paintings, making flowers and bonsai, and designing root carving shapes, but none of them succeeded, and he owed a lot of debts. Fortunately, on the road to the sky, I happened to meet my brother Lin Chaoming, who was studying painting together, at a ** birthday party. Senior Brother Lin had changed his career to jade carving at that time, and when he saw that Zhang Bingguang was having difficulty making a living, he suggested that he try to make jade carving. At that time, Zhang Bingguang was already in his first year, and changing his career to carving jadeite can be said to be a turning point and challenge in his life and career. In the face of the opposition of his relatives and **, he resolutely followed his senior brother to learn jadeite carving from scratch.
For more than 30 years, jadeite has been accompanied day and night, and jadeite is as novel as a mystery to Zhang Bingguang. As the saying goes, "it is difficult for a god to break an inch of jade", and this is especially true of jadeite. Each piece of jadeite rough is like a treasure full of secrets, and there will always be unexpected surprises when cut open. The so-called "jade is one inch good, and the price is one zhang long". Jadeite is like an unpredictable elf, unpredictable, Mr. Zhang Bingguang sighed: "Look up to the high, drill the strong." ”
In the first few years of carving jadeite, Zhang Bingguang was often ridiculed for "understanding work, not understanding jadeite", and he didn't think so at first. Later, in the creation, I slowly understood that the carving process and the material are inseparable, and the two should be integrated and integrated. Many categories of arts and crafts are related to carving, such as Chaoshan's wood carving, stone carving, ivory carving, etc., the carving material is different, the choice of techniques and process requirements are also different. To achieve the best artistic effect, it is necessary to study the raw materials in depth and apply them according to their aptitude. Zhang Bingguang said that only by understanding jadeite, the craft is meaningful, otherwise it is empty talk. A jadeite creator should have the spirit of "anatomy", rigorously and meticulously analyze each piece of jadeite raw materials, explore the law from the changes of jadeite, and explore the most suitable techniques. Carving jadeite is not just about "carving", but also about the entire creative process including early conception, design and later carving. The design of jadeite is not a fantasy in the air, it must be combined with raw materials, and weighed in many constraints and uncertainties, in order to promote the strengths and avoid the weaknesses, showing the natural beauty of jadeite. If you don't understand the raw materials of jadeite, jadeite design will become a source of water and a wood without roots. High-grade jadeite is extremely rare and rare, and the handling of raw materials should be more cautious, and the design is based on the principle of preserving the natural form as much as possible. Whether it is design or craftsmanship, it is ultimately about discovering and showing the greatest beauty of jadeite.
In general, jadeite creation is a progressive process, like the natural rhythm of life. From the initial recognition of the appearance of jadeite, "looking at the mountain is the mountain, looking at the water is the water"; to discover the unpredictable "seeing the mountain is not the mountain, and looking at the water is not the water"; and then to know the nature of jade and return to the simplicity of the avenue "look at the mountain or the mountain, look at the water or water". The whole process from simple to complex, and then from complex to simple, is not only the improvement of craftsmanship and jade concept, but also the sublimation of mood perception and jadeite creation.
Appreciate Zhang Bingguang's landscape and jade works, you can see the style of every stroke and painting, and every mountain and water has charm. Zhang Bingguang talked to reporters about the story of making a landscape jade plate for the first time that year.
In 2011, Zhang Bingguang and his partners used 3 million yuan to buy 3 pieces of jade raw materials, which were ready to be used in the production of bracelets, Guanyin, and Buddha. After the jade was cut, everyone was dumbfounded, and it was full of clumps of "cotton wool". Looking at the jade full of flaws, Zhang Bingguang, who couldn't bear to lose his blood, thought hard, and decided to adapt to the conditions of the material and find another way, he thought of making a landscape jade card. "There is no other choice, the disordered texture can only try to make landscapes, and I have devoted my life to studying these jade materials. At that time, my mastery of jadeite materials and the use of skills had been well integrated, so I wanted to give it a try. Zhang Bingguang said. "From research, design to carving, my thinking went from vague to clear, and I picked up and put down the carving knife countless times, and I thought about it for several months. Generally speaking, the brand is made on two sides, so I will engrave six sides. "Hard work pays off. As soon as the polishing was completed, the pieces were ordered by a collector in Xinjiang. Merchants and collectors from all over the world also heard the news and ordered his landscape jade plaques. Zhang Bingguang not only recovered the economic losses, but also made Yangmei's jade landscape jade brand flourish and go to the market.
Chaoshan wisdom is in the jade capital
Jieyang Yangmei jade market has now become a well-known jade capital in the world at home and abroad, which was unimaginable before the reform and opening up. Jieyang does not produce jade, Yangmei Village is just a suburban village, nearly a hundred years also only jade processing ** small handicraft tradition, by the spring breeze of reform and opening up, with hard work, the people here in just 40 years, Yangmei Village into the "hometown of gold and jade", Jieyang City was also awarded the title of "China Jade Capital" by the China Light Industry Federation, which can not but be said to be a miracle. When it comes to this miracle, Mr. Zhang Bingguang has his own opinions. He said why Jieyang jade is famous and why a small village can develop into a world-famous jade capital. First of all, the influence of Chaoshan culture, the land of Chaoshan has water and mountains, Confucius said that the benevolent person is happy with the mountain, the wise person is happy with the water, and the wisdom of the Chaoshan people is the combination of benevolence and wisdom. Because of the tolerance of the sea and the inheritance of the enterprising spirit of benevolence, wisdom and enterprising spirit, Chaoshan people have a liberal concept, not conservative and stubborn, there are rules and freedom, and the rules are sought in freedom. This is the key to measuring people's success in making jade.
In addition, Chaoshan people are very industrious, the whole jade market from morning to night, the night market is open from 9 o'clock to 12 o'clock, outsiders come here to praise the "posterity" here is not to drink at night, but to set up stalls, see goods, live broadcast, rare.
The third is the pursuit of perfection. "Exquisite" is the tradition of Chaoshan, and it is also the attitude of Chaoshan people. Everyone knows that there are many people in the Chaoshan area and there is little land, and farming is like embroidery. Wood carving, stone carving, tide embroidery and other arts are the pursuit of perfection and innovation; The jade carving is as small as a fish ball, and it will try its best to do its best, from 100 yuan to thousands of yuan. The "Encyclopedia of China" describes the jade carving process and writes about the Jieyang process, indicating that the Jieyang process has reached the highest national standard.
Fourth, openness and cooperation. Jade was originally a conservative industry, since ancient times, it has been passed on inside and outside, and men have not been passed on to women, but now Jieyang is public, you can come to visit mine, I can also visit yours. The other is the formation of an industrial chain, the division of labor is meticulous, some people buy materials, some people process, and some people sell. For example, gambling jade and gambling materials are whole pieces, and you have to cut them to see that it is difficult to explore on your own, and the tuition fee is very high and you need to learn from experienced masters. Moreover, there are many unknown jade materials, and there is no guarantee that every piece is good, and cooperation is needed to succeed, and it cannot just rely on luck. Therefore, it will not be a single bid, but a partnership to bid several copies at the same time, so that the business can be successful.
To be like jade luster for posterity
With the rise of the live broadcast industry, Zhang Bingguang's studio also caught up with the trend and opened a live broadcast. "The spread of jade culture must be promoted without the limitation of time and space through the help of online platforms. Zhang Bingguang said. He always devotes himself to it, regularly going to the live broadcast room to tell netizens about the identification and collection of jade carving, sharing carving skills, and spreading the jade and jade carving culture in the most "trendy" way at the moment.
When talking about the impact of the current market downturn on this industry, Zhang Bingguang believes that the worst is the time to settle down, study deeply, and practice internal skills. He said: "It's easier to have classics come out in a downturn!" Does the subject matter have cultural connotations and feelings for the family and country? Is the composition fresh? Is the technique difficult? Like these, you need to think deeply and carefully carve out. For example, my work "Qiankun Mingsu" has been carefully carved for 4 years. Zhang Bingguang recalled, "The name comes from the 'Twelve Wishes' in Taoism, and the temperament of this piece of jade is also in line with Taoist culture." "The purple and green colors in the jade material of "Qiankun Mingsu" are originally yin and yang, and they hide Qiankun. In the process of design conception and carving, a large number of virtual and real techniques are used, the left side of the carving of the trigram, the right side of the carving of the kun hexagram, with the Taiji yin and yang fish to represent the eight trigrams, that is, the heaven and the earth.
During the interview, from time to time, apprentices held jade materials designed into chain cards and came to ask Zhang Bingguang for guidance. Zhang Bingguang founded the "Jingding Jade Carving Art Master Studio", and more and more young people came to study, and most of them were students from Guangmei, Chuanmei, Guomei and other art academies, and received a good art education. After ups and downs, he often uses his own artistic experience to teach young people to choose an industry, to have firm beliefs and persist in doing it. Jade carving is a historical inheritance of the industry, "jade" and "paper" are different, "jade" has a soul, and the creative space is larger. To be a jade carver, in addition to mastering the carving skills, you must also study the characteristics of jade, understand the wonderful changes of jade materials, not only pay attention to aesthetics, composition, but also integrate artistic ideas and cultural connotations, giving people enlightenment. Zhang Bingguang believes that self-discipline and prudence are indispensable for a successful life.
Mr. Liu Zhuo, vice president and secretary general of the China Jade Carving Art Committee and a famous jade carving art critic, commented on Master Zhang Bingguang: "In the current jade carving industry, Zhang Bingguang is still the only one with the title of Chinese Arts and Crafts Master; At present, there are thousands of troops in the field of jade carving in the country, millions of employees, and there are absolutely many talents, so far there is only Zhang Bingguang as a master. I think it may have something to do with the fact that he was born in Chaoshan and has something to do with the natural character of Chaoshan people. He implanted the most influential Chinese painting of oriental art into the carving of high-end jadeite, and displayed the poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing through the special material of high-end jadeite, so as to make the high-end jadeite artistic, which greatly enhanced the artistic space of high-end jadeite, and also opened up the value space of high-end jadeite art, greatly expanding the latitude of jadeite carving, making the entire jadeite carving field shine and rise to a new level. Zhang Bingguang perfectly integrated the art of Chinese landscape painting with high-grade jadeite carving, pointed out the direction for the development of contemporary jadeite carving art, and became a banner in the jadeite carving industry, worthy of being the pioneer of jewelry-grade jadeite jadeite art! ”
Looking back on the creative process of more than 30 years, Mr. Zhang Bingguang said that jadeite allowed him to enter the magnificent and splendid jade carving art country, let him experience the breadth and depth of traditional culture, and let him appreciate the magic of natural creation. Jadeite is a natural treasure, condensing countless natural mysteries. The creation of jadeite is not to show off people's ingenuity, but to pay tribute to the beauty of nature with human power. Just as his name "Zhang Bingguang" means, he is willing to continue to be a servant of jadeite, devote his life to continue to read jadeite, carve jadeite, present the great beauty of jadeite in front of the world, and is willing to pass on his own lifelong experience to peers and descendants, so that Chinese jade culture can be further carried forward in the new era.
Original creators: Jiang Bian, Cai Youfang.
Correspondent: "Hipsters of the Times".
Editor-in-charge: Lu Liping.