In recent years, India has sought a dynamic balance between Russia and the West. However, their concerns about Russia's greater China-leaning relationship with China have also gradually surfaced. The origins of this problem can be traced back to traditional Russian-Indian defense cooperation. Although Russia has repeatedly expressed its desire to strengthen defense ties with India, India is cautious about this and has shifted its focus to the introduction of Western technology and the promotion of "Make in India". This shift in attitude is partly due to India's dissatisfaction with Russia's inability to meet India's arms orders in a timely manner due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. India realizes that the defense industry cannot develop if it has been dependent on Russia for the purchase of ** equipment. In contrast, the United States has given India a more superior treatment and has accurately grasped India's psychology and needs. The United States has made great efforts to win over India, and India has reciprocated with the same move.
Data shows that India's defense spending has been around $60 billion over the past 20 years and will continue to increase over the next 10 years. However, India is considering the introduction of technology from NATO countries in order to reduce its dependence on Russia. Despite this, India's need for Russian *** remains urgent, as the use rate of Russian-made ** in the Indian army is more than 60%. This is one of the reasons why India is cautious about bringing in Western technology. So, how can India find a balance between Russia and the West? This is a challenging question. First of all, India needs to maintain good relations with Russia, after all, they are long-term partners, and Russia has a unique advantage in military technology. Second, India needs to build closer cooperation with the United States and other Western countries to acquire more advanced technology and equipment. India** also needs to take into account the development of its own defense industry.
They need to cultivate a strong defense industry at home to reduce their dependence on external businessmen. This is essential to achieve the goal of 'Make in India'. In addition, India could also consider cooperation with other countries in the joint development and production of military equipment. This not only allows for cost sharing and efficiency, but also promotes mutual understanding and trust with partners. In conclusion, India's quest for a dynamic balance between Russia and the West is a difficult task. They need to actively introduce Western technologies and promote the development of the defense industry while maintaining traditional friendly relations with Russia. Only in this way will India be able to truly achieve independent national defense and play a greater role in regional and international affairs. India's relations with Russia have been further strengthened, becoming one of Russia's largest buyers and Russia's main energy partner. However, India is also deepening its cooperation with Western countries, especially in the defense industry.
Modi wants to achieve "Make in India" in the defence industry, and this is achieved through technical cooperation with Western countries. This policy of multilateral alliances shows India's flexibility in international affairs. India, on the basis of maintaining relations with Russia, cooperates with Western countries, but does not maintain an absolute balance. This approach serves Modi's political interests, while also increasing his influence over Russia to a certain extent. However, Russia has limited bargaining power over India, so India is in the driver's seat when dealing with Russia. In addition, India also hopes to play a balancing role in the trilateral relationship between China, Russia and India to avoid China and Russia getting too close. Therefore, India should proceed cautiously in "de-Russification" and not be too aggressive, so as not to gain more than it loses. India's partnership with Russia has always been in the spotlight. As one of the largest buyers of Russia, India has not only acquired advanced military technology, but also strengthened strategic relations between the two countries.
However, in recent years, India has begun to move closer to Western countries, especially in the defense industry. Modi hopes to achieve the goal of "Make in India" through cooperation with Western countries and enhance the autonomy of the defence industry. India's policy of multilateral alliances shows its flexibility in international affairs. India has maintained close cooperation not only with Russia, but also with Western countries. This approach not only serves Modi's political interests, but also increases India's influence in international affairs. However, India is not completely devoid of bargaining power in cooperation with Russia. Although Russia is India's main arms power, India also has its own advantages. India has been working hard to achieve the independence of its defense industry, and through technical cooperation with Western countries, it has improved the level of its own military industry. This gives India some bargaining power when negotiating with Russia.
In addition to its cooperative relationship with Russia, India also wants to act as a balancing point in the trilateral relationship between China, Russia and India. India does not want to see China and Russia too close, so it needs to be careful in its relations with Russia to avoid passively becoming a victim of China and Russia. All in all, India's partnership with Russia has been further strengthened by Modi's facilitation. Through cooperation with Western countries, India has achieved the autonomy of its defense industry and improved its position in international affairs. However, India also has some bargaining power in cooperation with Russia and wants to play a balancing role in the trilateral relationship between China, Russia and India. India's policy of multilateral alliances is beneficial to its own interests and influence, but it needs to be cautious so as not to lose more than it gains. India's geopolitical environment is an important factor that influences the limitations of its foreign policy. India is located in the South Asian region and has complex border disputes with nearby countries, such as those with Pakistan and China.
These controversies have limited India's influence in the region and made it difficult for it to be a reliable regional partner. In addition, India's foreign policy lacks a long-term strategic vision. India tends to focus more on short-term benefits and reactions, and lacks in-depth analysis and planning for global and regional trends. This has made it difficult for India to establish stable cooperative relations with other countries because of their inconsistent positions and actions on some important issues. In addition, India's stance on a number of international issues makes it difficult to be a reliable partner. For example, on major global issues, such as climate change and ** issues, India's position is often at odds with that of other countries. This inconsistency in positions makes it difficult for other countries to trust India's willingness and ability to cooperate. In summary, India's geopolitical environment and lack of long-term strategic vision make it difficult to be a reliable partner.
Despite India's potential and strength in a number of areas, its foreign policy limitations and inconsistencies limit the possibility of stable and cooperative relations with other countries.