In June 1942, ** was about to go to Yan'an to report to work, but received a telegram from ***. In the telegram, ** gave several instructions in detail, and especially emphasized: "After reading, it will be destroyed, and there is no need to mention it to anyone!" ”
**After reading the telegram, he immediately understood its deep meaning, destroyed the telegram, and regardless of the huge risk, passed through the area occupied by the Japanese army, returned to Yan'an as quickly as possible, and reported on the work of the Shandong Military Region.
So, what exactly did the ** order give? Why is it required that the telegram be destroyed after it has been read?
On the one hand, landlords are required to reduce rents and interest rates to ensure the normal life of peasants; On the other hand, it is guaranteed that after the rent and interest are reduced, the peasants still need to pay a part of the rent and interest.
A land policy aimed at protecting the interests of farmers in all aspects and avoiding disputes has been proposed for five years but has never been implemented. There are two reasons: first, there were only relevant policies at that time, and no relevant laws and regulations were promulgated, and it was difficult for local governments to implement them; Second, China is a "society of acquaintances," and many peasants live in the same village as the landlords, so it is inconvenient to take the initiative to mention rent and interest reductions.
Some landlords threatened the peasants with this, so that many people did not dare to take the initiative to mention the matter. In recent years, we have continuously improved and implemented the policy of rent reduction and interest reduction, and strived to balance the relationship and interests of both parties.
However, during the most difficult period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Shandong base area once again had problems due to this policy. Insist on implementing the instructions of *** and implement this policy of benefiting the people to the end.
Although Zhu Rui, secretary of the Shandong branch, refused to ask the rich peasants and landlords to reduce rents and interest at this time, he believed that this might reduce their anti-Japanese enthusiasm.
However, if Shandong, as the hub of post-war transfer, does not solve this problem, the people's enthusiasm for resisting Japan will be greatly reduced, and at the same time, it will also have an extremely serious impact on the East China Theater.
In order to solve this problem, ***, who was planning to rush to Yan'an from northern Jiangsu for a meeting, deliberately stayed in Shandong for a period of time, responsible for coordinating this problem and ensuring the smooth implementation of the policy.
After implementing the Shandong policy and stabilizing the situation, after receiving the instructions of the first class, the first did not dare to delay, and after many days of tossing and turning, it finally arrived in Shandong on April 10.
In order to avoid the attention of his enemies, he assumed the name Hufu, so that even his personal guards did not know his true identity. But through his words and deeds, the guards can be sure that this must be an extraordinary big man, and there must be an important task in Shandong at such a time.
So they arranged for the strength of a guard regiment to protect him.
Although the Japanese troops guarding were strictly guarded and did not allow the guard regiment to wear guns, they could only defend themselves with sabers, but under the escort of the guards, they successfully entered Wang Desheng's home.
He began the work of reducing rents and interest rates in Shandong, and adopted a series of measures by using his previous experience in northern Jiangsu and the actual situation in Shandong. First of all, he resolved the differences between the leaders of Shandong, and began work on the premise of a united front.
He summoned Zhu Rui, secretary of the Shandong sub-bureau, for a detailed discussion for three days and three nights, analyzed China's current situation and possible future development trends, and emphasized the strategic significance of Shandong in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Under his persuasion, Zhu Rui finally realized the importance of rent and interest reduction work, and agreed to coordinate the work.
**Specially found Chen Guanghe*** and carried out Sixian education. Under their coordination, the two sides resolved the main contradictions and jointly assisted in the implementation of relevant work.
After resolving the contradictions, in early May, the Shandong Branch held a meeting in Banbantai Village, Yinan County, Luzhong District, and conveyed Zhu Rui's report at the meeting of the Shandong Branch Committee.
The report pointed out that the landlords and gentry should correctly handle the relationship between tenants and landlords and disputes over land, and should not only reduce rents, reduce interest rates, increase capital, but also pay rents and interest to increase production, reduce the burden of tenant farmers and hired peasants, and improve their living conditions and treatment.
In addition, the Shandong Sub-Bureau also decided to expand the peasant rescue associations in the base areas, develop the self-defense armed forces of the masses, arouse the enthusiasm of the masses to resist Japan, launch a democratic movement, and safeguard the interests of the base areas and the masses.
At the same time, the Shandong branch also stressed that rent reduction and interest reduction is a task that all relevant departments and people must pay attention to.
After the policy of rent and interest reduction was proposed, although there were progressive decrees, there were still problems in practice. ** It was noted that many poor people did not receive the rent and interest reductions they were entitled to.
** Paying great attention to this, he went down to the grassroots level to guide cadres and the public to realize the importance of mass movements through exchanges with the masses and holding meetings. His work made the leaders of Shandong realize the seriousness of the problem and began to focus on improving the rent and interest reduction work of the poor peasants.
Li Yu said that Secretary Liu's guidance has given them new methods and progress in their work, and they are full of confidence in the future battle.
In the process of promoting rent and interest reduction, we emphasize pilot experiments, and use these pilots as a base to gradually expand. In his work in the coastal area, he did not rush to carry out rent and interest reduction work in more than a dozen counties at the same time, but selected one or two counties as a basis for pilot experiments.
In these counties, he selected a number of villages as centers, which gradually radiated outward. This point-to-point approach can play a good role in demonstration. At the same time, when sending cadres to work at the grassroots level, it is necessary to assign all cadres to key units according to the key units in trial operation.
For example, if 200 cadres need to be sent to work at the grassroots level, 150 will need to be sent to the central point and another 50 will be assigned to other counties. In these counties, most of the cadres should be sent to the central areas to cooperate with the chief of the township and do a good job in the ideological work of the rich peasant gentry.
While reducing rent and interest, it is also necessary to consider their interests and let them understand that the rent and interest reduction will not affect the normal payment of rent and interest.
**In June 1942, he was about to leave for Yan'an to attend the conference, but before he was ready to leave, he received a secret report, including: 1. If conditions permit, immediately leave for Yan'an to attend the meeting; 2. Implement the policy of "rent reduction and interest reduction" in Shandong to stabilize the situation; 3. If you are unable to travel to Yan'an, you can stay in Shandong for the time being and wait for further instructions.
Due to the constant friction between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on the Shandong issue, it was requested that the telegram be burned immediately after reading it, so as to prevent the enemy from taking advantage of it to make a big fuss. Therefore, ** stayed in Shandong for two months to personally supervise the implementation of the rent and interest reduction policy.
Under the auspices of ***, the work of rent reduction and interest reduction was soon carried out in Junan County and Linshu County in Binhai District, which respectively took some important areas as the center of the pilot, and sent a working group of more than 200 people to carry out pilot work in these places.
Under the call of the cadres, many people have joined the movement to reduce rents and interest rates, which has made our party's mass foundation deeper and more solid.
In the summer of 1942, when the organization work began, he sent him another telegram expressing his greetings, emphasizing the importance of Shandong to our party and asking him to stabilize the situation in Shandong and ensure that the frontal battlefield was not disturbed.
Under the guidance of the cadres, many tenant farmers and landlords began to slowly accept the policy of rent reduction and interest reduction. According to the statistics at the end of the year, in the four counties of Junan, Linshu, Shushui and Ganyu alone, there were nearly 2,000 tenant farmers who reduced rents, and the area of land with reduced rents reached 31,274 mu, with a total of 109252 catties of rent reductions.
The movement of rent reduction and interest reduction gradually grew in Shandong, and this set of theoretical methods quickly solved the problems faced by the Shandong base areas and laid the foundation for the growth and future victory of the anti-Japanese base areas in Shandong.
**After the Shandong problem was successfully resolved, regardless of the hardships and dangers, he "changed his name and surname" again and rushed to Yan'an. Escorted by more than 50 people, including Wang Zhisheng, deputy captain of the railway guerrillas, and Yang Jiacheng, commander of the third platoon, they marched all night before arriving at Xiaobeizhuang.
Later, after several tosses, ** crossed Weishan Lake, stayed for more than a week, continued to go north, and arrived at the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan border areas in mid-August.
**In carrying out the mission of the Party organization, he faced all kinds of difficulties and challenges, but he never flinched. He overcame the blockade and arrived safely in Yan'an from northern Jiangsu after nine months, and was highly praised in the report.
His decisions and actions were ultimately verified, and the important role played by the Shandong region in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation proved that his policies and decisions were correct, and also reflected his firm determination and fearless courage.