Unit 8341, known as the first guard regiment of the Communist Party of China, is regarded as"Red Guards"γThe origin of this name is widely discussed.
As a young man, he showed his strong belief in materialism. It is said that when he was incorporated into the left team of the first battalion of the 50th standard of the mixed brigade of the new army in the Hunan army, each soldier was given a set of armaments, and *** got his first gun.
Even though it was an old gun, covered with mottled marks, it was of great significance to ***.
Wu Jianhua used to be the director of the office of the ** Security Bureau and the deputy political commissar of the "8341" unit, he explained that "8341" is just a code name assigned by **, issued by the General Staff, and its ** is not as meaningful as the legend goes.
According to military history, after its establishment, the special service company went through the domestic revolutionary war, the war of resistance against Japanese aggression and other battles, and fully demonstrated its mission. In order to adapt to the form of war, on October 20, 1942, the special service company of the military headquarters was reorganized into the first garrison regiment of the Communist Party of China, and its external name was the garrison regiment of the headquarters of the 18th Group Army.
After that, according to the development and needs of the war, the formation of the ** garrison regiment continued to change. In May 1949, after being stationed in Beiping, the ** Garrison Regiment was expanded to the ** Guard Division.
In May 1953, the first guard organization was adjusted, and the first regiment under the ** guard division, that is, its predecessor Yan'an ** garrison regiment, was adjusted and reorganized into the ** guard regiment of the Communist Party of China, the full name of which was the **People** Revolutionary Military Commission Guard Regiment, whose task was to ensure the safety of the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Zhang Yaoci served as the first commander.
This is the origin of the mysterious Unit 8341. In the spring of 1955, in order to better understand the rural areas, he went deep into the rural areas to carry out work in line with the actual situation.
In order to better understand the real needs of the countryside and peasants, he specially assigned the General Staff of the Military Commission and the General Office of the Central Military Commission to select Unit 8341 in various prefectures across the country.
This unit not only undertakes the task of guarding the country, but also facilitates an in-depth understanding of the real situation in the countryside and the peasants. So, how did you cultivate such an excellent unit?
After all the personnel of Unit 8341 arrived, in May 1955, ** made an important speech to the guards in the front yard of the Yi Nian Hall. He emphasized that there are three main aspects of the tasks of the members of Unit 8341: 1Guards ***2Maintain the image of the country; 3.Cultural learning and upgrading.
Why, then, was the task of cultural learning created for the Guards? It turned out that after listening to several reports from the team members, I found that their education level was generally low, punctuation marks were often wrong, and there were often problems of unsmooth sentences and unclear expressions.
** He is very concerned about their reports, he will carefully review them word by word, and when he encounters wrong words and punctuation, he will use a pen to correct them carefully, and call the team members to guide them carefully.
For reports that are smooth and fluent, ** never skimps on their praise.
In order to give young people a better future, ** has repeatedly emphasized the importance of cultural learning and personally served as honorary principal, personally mentoring them. On July 26, 1955, captain Han Qingyu led the third group of team members to report the investigation to *** and submitted the materials written by the team members.
** First read Zeng Wen's material, praised him for writing well, and then asked him: "Did you write this material yourself?" Zeng Wen replied that someone else had copied it for him.
After listening, lean back with a smile.
It turned out that Zhang Yaoci and Han Qingyu's teammates studied cultural courses only one day a week, and the rest of the time they would study military and political content. Political study includes documents such as the four resolutions of the National Party Congress, while military study includes standard coaching.
After hearing this, he said to Zhang Yaoci and Han Qingyu: "You can't let them be soldiers all the time, they still need to do something after they go out." He went on to emphasize the importance of studying history, mathematics, physics and chemistry, which he believes will guarantee them five years of secondary school.
So, learning is a very important part of it whenever and wherever it is.
** Attaches great importance to the learning of knowledge, and he will seek the spark of wisdom in the people around him. He would ask the guards about the mysteries of the satellite during his walks, and he would ask the guards about the science of water, including how people float on the water and the salty taste of the sea.
In this way, he stimulates curiosity and curiosity and encourages them to work hard. β
Looks like you still need to learn physics. β
When Zeng Wengang got up early in the morning, he unexpectedly met the chairman. The chairman cordially called his name and asked about the study status of the guards. The Chairman proposed that the Guard could set up a cultural school where all members of the team could become cadets.
Then, as a joke, the chairman asked, "How about I come to be your headmaster?"Zeng Wen was very happy to hear this proposal, and repeatedly agreed, and he replied: "Now, everyone is very energetic in learning. β
After hearing this, the chairman nodded his head in approval. Zeng Wen said firmly: "No problem, we will definitely be able to succeed!".The Chair encouraged them to continue their efforts and strive for better results.
Guided by the instructions of the chairman, the party committee of the army quickly formulated an educational plan suitable for the junior high school stage. The President quickly approved the plan, and on January 21, 1957, the cultural school of the Guard was successfully opened.
After the school opened, the chairman paid close attention to the learning situation of the students. For those comrades who often accompany the chairman on his mission, the chairman will often ask with concern: "Do you work hard?"
Is it difficult to learn mathematics, physics and chemistry?When the chairman learned that physics is easier to master, but algebra is a headache, he encouraged the students to keep learning algebra, because physics and chemistry are inseparable from the foundation of algebra.
Under the care and spiritual encouragement of the chairman, the young guards overcame difficulties and persisted in studying, and were deeply affected by the chairman's spirit of studying hard day and night and pursuing knowledge.
In addition to undertaking security duties, the guards are often sent to the countryside to conduct social surveys, which is one of the purposes of carefully selecting young people from all over the country to join the guards.
He told the comrades who were about to return to their hometowns to investigate that they could obtain valuable information by being modest. In daily life, ** constantly teaches the young people around him to respect and be humble to their parents and fellow villagers, and never put on a show.
He even personally wrote the "Rules for Business Trips," emphasizing the code of conduct of secrecy, not putting on a show, being vigilant against counter-revolutionaries, and conducting in-depth investigations into production and life.
After listening to the instructions of ***, the team members clarified the tasks and methods of their return to their hometowns to investigate. Through interviews with their parents, relatives and village cadres, and sometimes through labor, they learned a lot of detailed information on the spot, and they wrote a written report to the chairman.
After receiving the report of the garrison, the chairman was very satisfied, and listened to the situation reports of the team members for three consecutive days, and even saved time for eating, eating with the team members, and talking while eating.
He carefully inquired about each comrade's family life, such as whether they had enough to eat, how much surplus food they had, what their medical situation was, and the production situation in the village.
He took notes as he listened to the reports, paused from time to time to ponder, and communicated with the team members to learn more about the situation. Although this team has completed many tasks perfectly and has achieved excellent results in cultural learning, *** believes that they are not mature enough to have experienced the baptism of war.
The members of Unit 8341 who have been rigorously selected are all top-notch. However, in peacetime, there was relatively little real combat experience. ** Ideology emphasizes that practice produces true knowledge, and actual combat experience is crucial to personal growth and troop development.
Therefore, the party and government organs decided to select 100 cadres with a promising future from among these outstanding team members, and then select 200 squad leaders with good military and political qualities and strong acceptance ability from various brigades to form a 300-member squad to go to the battlefield in Vietnam for actual combat training.
The team will be led by Zhou Guangyi, director of the 8341 Political Department.
In 1976, the ** Guard Regiment resumed the establishment of the Guard Division, which was known as the code name of 8341, and also entered the military history with the glorious tradition of this unit and became a part of the long history.
It is very important to follow the driving regulations, otherwise you may be relentlessly bombed by US fighters. The troops going to Vietnam took off their original **, put on new helmet-shaped caps and submachine guns, sat on military vehicles and crossed the Friendship Pass all the way from Guangxi, drove into the border of Vietnam, and arrived at various theaters of war.
After arriving in the war zone, the troops first had to build a grass hut as a field shelter and dig out bunkers that met the standards. Field shelters and combat posts should not be too far apart, and the shelters are usually located in a large pit dug at the foot of a hill that is not too high, and canopy is made of tree branches, and covered with waterproof linoleum and camouflage grass.
The battalion command post is located on the top of the hill, and there is 18 meters of bunker. The conditions of the battlefield in Vietnam were extremely harsh, the forests were full of miasma, damp and rainy, and the bedding and clothing were in a very humid state in this climate, and sometimes water could be wrung out.
Coupled with the lack of water, the clothes are rarely washed, and the sweating is a lot, coupled with the monotonous diet and lack of vitamins in the battlefield, many team members have suffered from ** diseases. The jungle of the Vietnam battlefield is dense, and the forest is full of miasma, snakes, insects, rats and ants are rampant.
Leeches are everywhere over there, and they burrow into their clothes to bite and suck blood. The members of Unit 8341 had to put up their collars, tie their buttons, and wear high-top liberation shoes to wrap the whole person tightly, and in the hot climate, the team members would even have symptoms of dehydration and mild heat stroke.
In the tropical rainforest, in addition to the unstoppable leeches, there are also extremely dangerous silver kraits, bamboo leaf greens, cobras and other lurking in the grass to peep. In order to cope with different war situations and the combat branches and types of aircraft of the US military, the troops need to conduct targeted military training and exercises, and their schedules are very tight.
At the same time, US fighter planes were constantly harassing above the war zone, sirens were sounding one after another, and the team members were under high pressure every day. In the blink of an eye, it was July, and when the team members were listening to the commemoration of the "July 1st" party's birth notice, they suddenly received a combat alarm, only to see a small and light "shadow" in the air, which was like a swallow, flying fast, light and dexterous RF-101.
Relying on his knowledge of this type of aircraft, the battalion commander judged in advance the route and time of its return, and issued an order to "give ammunition." Under the scorching sun, the team members waited for a long time, sweat running down their faces and bodies, and their shoes were soaked with sweat, when suddenly a slight hum was heard from far and near, and RF-101 really returned.
After peace talks between the United States and Vietnam began in Paris, the U.S. military ordered a halt to the bombing of North Vietnam. In February 1969, China's aid troops and engineering detachments returned to China, and in three years and nine months in Vietnam, they fought a total of 2,153 battles against the enemy, shot down 1,707 US planes, damaged 1,608 planes, and captured 42 US pilots, thus contributing to Sino-Vietnamese friendship.
Many people mistakenly believe that the members of Unit 8341 have privileges because they are around important leaders. In fact, the chairman is extremely strict with the selection conditions for the entourage.
To become a member of Unit 8341, the most basic requirements are that the three generations of grandparents and immediate family members must be poor middle peasants, have a firm position, have a clean background, have no historical problems, and be loyal to the chairman and ***.
Secondly, they need to be in good health, have good facial features, and have at least a junior high school education, which was a high level of education at that time.
The first lesson for recruits is to undergo rigorous training, which determines the dual leadership nature of Unit 8341. The unit is directly subordinate to the General Staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army without any specialization.
The work of party affairs belongs to the General Office, and the main leaders of the troops are personally appointed. Therefore, whenever a recruit joins the army, the chairman personally receives them, which is a special honor for every recruit.
** He once gave Wang Dongxing an instruction, asking him to grasp the problem of the work style of the troops, and to carry out criticism and self-criticism in order to correct the "unhealthy tendencies" in his thinking.
After investigation, Wang Dongxing found that before 1960, the personnel who worked together with Unit 8341 asked for daily necessities free of charge during the period when they went out with ***, and these supplies were tight and needed to be purchased with tickets, which can be said to be a "limited edition".
Some personnel even committed dereliction of duty, which seriously damaged the reputation of the troops. In view of these problems, Wang Dongxing first proposed to strengthen study and enhance understanding, organized an enlarged meeting, and announced a small rectification plan.
** Speaking from personal experience, he exhorted the troops to correct their mistakes with practical actions, and established a staff code: "It is forbidden to ask for things from the locality. "Whether it's a needle or a thread, it's not allowed.
At the request of ***, from his manuscript fee, he spent more than 30,000 yuan to apologize for the relevant personnel one by one, and to correct discipline.
Unit 8341 played an active and leading role under strict discipline and constraints. ** The chairman has strictly supervised and managed them, and they are not allowed to abuse their power for personal gain.
In late September 1960, the chairman arranged for them to serve as vice governors of Jiangxi Province, and their main task was to personally set up small factories and farms to produce practical industrial products and some civilian products that could be exported to meet the need for secrecy.
**How to Cultivate Unit 8341" records this process. In 1976, the ** Guard Regiment resumed the establishment of the Guard Division, the new code name is 57001, although the code name 8341 has become history, but the spirit of this unit will be passed on from generation to generation, and will always be loyal to the Party and the people until their glorious mission is completed.
Forming Unit 8341" and "The Real Unit 8341", and invited two experts, Wu Ming and Wu Jianhua, to interpret together.