Rice is one of the most important food crops in China, how to achieve high yield of rice in a specific geographical environment is not only a matter of concern to the majority of farmers, at the same time, high-yield and high-quality cultivation technology is also of great significance to ensure China's food security and promote farmers' income. This article will introduce the key points of high-yield and high-quality rice cultivation technology, in order to provide reference for relevant practitioners.
First, choose good breeds.
Selecting rice varieties with high yield, high quality and strong stress tolerance suitable for local cultivation is the key to achieving high yield and high quality. When selecting varieties, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of varieties such as growth period, disease resistance, drought tolerance, and waterlogging tolerance, and combine the local climate, soil and water conservancy conditions.
2. Cultivate strong seedlings.
Cultivating strong seedlings is an important part of high-yield and high-quality rice cultivation. It is necessary to select fertile, loose and well-ventilated seedbeds, strengthen seedbed management, maintain suitable temperature and humidity, prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner, and cultivate robust rice seedlings. At the same time, it is necessary to determine the appropriate sowing date and sowing amount according to the law of rice growth and development and the arrangement of stubble.
3. Reasonable dense planting.
Rational dense planting is an important measure to improve rice yield. It is necessary to determine the appropriate planting density according to factors such as variety characteristics, soil fertility and stubble arrangement. In general, early and late rice are planted at a higher density and middle rice is planted at a lower density. In the planting process, it is necessary to ensure that the seedlings are planted deeply, straight and evenly, so as to make full use of sunlight and space resources and improve photosynthetic efficiency and yield.
Fourth, scientific fertilization.
Scientific fertilization is an important means for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of rice. According to the law of soil fertility and rice fertilizer demand, it is necessary to reasonably match nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients to formulate a scientific fertilization plan. In the process of fertilization, it is necessary to follow the principle of "pre-promotion, middle control, and post-supplementation", reapply basal fertilizer, and appropriate amount of top dressing to meet the nutritional needs of rice at different growth stages. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer to improve soil fertility and sustainable production capacity.
5. Scientific irrigation.
Scientific irrigation is an important guarantee for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of rice. It is necessary to rationally arrange the irrigation time and water amount according to the law of rice growth and climatic conditions. During the growth period, it is necessary to maintain a suitable depth of water layer, and timely drainage and irrigation should be carried out to meet the water demand of rice. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to preventing the occurrence of flooded seedlings and drought, and ensure the normal growth of rice and its high yield and quality.
6. Pest control.
Pest control is an important part of high-yield and high-quality rice cultivation. It is necessary to adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures, strengthen the monitoring and early warning of pests and diseases, and discover and control pests and diseases in a timely manner. In the process of prevention and control, it is necessary to give priority to the use of biological control and physical control methods to reduce the use of chemical pesticides. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen agricultural technical training and guidance, and enhance peasants' awareness and skills in pest control.
7. Harvest at the right time.
Timely harvesting is one of the important measures to achieve high yield and high quality of rice. Harvesting too early or too late can affect the yield and quality of paddy. It is necessary to grasp the harvest time and determine the appropriate harvest period according to factors such as variety characteristics and climatic conditions. During the harvesting process, it is necessary to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of harvesting machinery and tools, prevent pollution and mixing, and ensure the quality and safety of rice.
In short, the key points of high-yield and high-quality rice cultivation technology include the selection of improved seeds, the cultivation of strong seedlings, reasonable dense planting, scientific fertilization, scientific irrigation, pest control and timely harvesting. It is necessary to strengthen agricultural technical training and guidance, improve the scientific and technological quality and management level of peasants, and provide strong support for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of rice. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to technological innovation and mechanism innovation, promote the scale, standardization and modernization of rice production, and contribute to the realization of China's food security and sustainable agricultural development. Sochuang Premium Plan