The general secretary pointed out on many occasions that "investigation and study is the heirloom of our party and the basic skill for doing a good job in all aspects of work," and stressed that "investigation and study should be regularized." Taking advantage of the opportunity of returning to the hometown to carry out research, go deep into the grassroots and among the masses, and ask the people what they need and plan is an important embodiment of carrying forward the party's fine traditions and practicing the party's mass line, and it is also an effective way for cadres to be grounded, gain knowledge, and practice their skills. 
When returning to the hometown for investigation, we must grasp the "three insistences".The general secretary stressed that "to test the effectiveness of investigation and research, it is necessary to see whether we have a clear understanding of social conditions and public opinions, and whether we can solve practical problems." The purpose of returning to the hometown is to visit relatives and friends, understand the first-hand situation, and study and analyze relevant issues. During the investigation, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points. Stick to the combination of top and bottom. The topic selection of the hometown research should be "two points and one line". The upper "point" is the "concern" that the grassroots and the masses are anxious about, and the lower "point" is the "anxious point" that the grassroots and the masses are anxious about. The research report on returning to the hometown should connect the two "points" with "small incisions", promote the solution of "big troubles" by dissecting the "little sparrows", and realize the organic unity of being responsible for the upper and lower levels. At the beginning of 1927, in response to the controversy inside and outside the party about whether the peasant movement was "very good" or "very bad", Comrade ** returned to Shaoshan and other places in Hunan Province to conduct field research, visited one by one, talked for a long time one by one, carefully observed the actual situation of the peasant movement, solved the problems in the peasant movement in a timely manner, and wrote the "Hunan Agricultural Movement Investigation Report", which had a significant and far-reaching impact on promoting the Chinese revolution. Insist on seeking truth from facts. When returning to the hometown for investigation, it is necessary to truly study and study the real problems, earnestly grasp the first-hand information, and truly reflect the objective situation and contradictions, so as to achieve a correct situation.
One, there are two two. We must not conduct research with a pre-set tone because we are "familiar", we must not write a report based on the materials obtained from changing hands because of "trust", and we must not only report good news and not bad news because of "love". In 1961, Comrade ** conducted a 44-day investigation and study in his hometown of Ningxiang and Changsha in Hunan. During the investigation, in the face of the situation that "the members and cadres of the brigade did not dare to speak their hearts", he adopted the methods used when he worked in the old Soviet area, went directly to the villagers' houses to sleep on the door panels, spread grass, and worked with the villagers to dig out their hearts, and finally learned the real situation of the people's lives. After the investigation, he sent a letter to Comrade ***, reported the relevant situation in detail, and put forward a series of opinions and suggestions that were in line with the disadvantages of the times. This letter is a classic research report, which vividly demonstrates the spirit of seeking truth from facts and the courage of the Chinese Communists to correct mistakes, and promotes the adjustment of relevant policies. Adhere to the system concept. When returning to the hometown for investigation, we must have a systematic concept, an overall concept, and a concept of the overall situation, and we cannot look at the problem in a partial way, and we cannot press the gourd to float the scoop when looking for countermeasures. It is necessary to adhere to the Marxist standpoint, viewpoint, and method, observe and analyze things from the viewpoint of universal connection, comprehensiveness, systematic, and development and change, consider the situation as a whole, proceed from key points, and positively, appropriately, and comprehensively reflect the situation and put forward countermeasures and suggestions. In 1960, Comrade ** returned to his hometown of Yilong, Sichuan Province after a gap of more than 50 years to inspect the saddle farm, and learned about the villagers' "yellow skin and thinness, and they can't talk anymore" and other situations and their reasons, combined with the research in Guizhou, Henan and other places, wrote a report to Comrade *** and *** to reflect the problems found, and put forward opinions and suggestions that agricultural production must be adapted to local conditions, agricultural technology reform should also be adapted to local conditions, and agriculture and industry should develop commercial production. This report demonstrates the systematic concept and dialectical thinking, and is highly constructive and operable.
The return to the hometown research report should achieve "six haves".The general secretary pointed out that investigation and research "should make efforts to make in-depth analysis and thinking, extract the essence from the rough, eliminate the false and retain the true, and find the essence and law of things and find solutions to problems from this and from the other, from the surface to the inside." The research report on returning to the hometown should play the role of building a "bridge between the hearts", not only reflecting the problems and putting forward views, but also paying attention to the methods to persuade and move people. There is material and there is also a point of view. A good homecoming research report should be a unity of materials and perspectives. ** Comrade clearly pointed out in the "60 Articles of Work Methods (Draft)": "It is a very bad method to cut off materials and viewpoints, to have no viewpoints when talking about materials, to have no materials when to talk about viewpoints, and that materials and viewpoints are not related to each other. It's even worse to just put up a bunch of material, not to put forward your own point of view, not to state what is for and against what. "To write a research report on returning to the hometown is to thoroughly analyze the problems and refine the views on the basis of fully possessing the materials. In 1961, Comrade ** returned to his hometown of Qingpu, Shanghai for research, and formed three research reports: "Sows Should Also Be Delegated to Farmers for Private Breeding", "Planting Double Cropping Rice is Better Than Planting Broad Beans and Single Cropping Rice", and "Keeping Enough Land for Yourself According to the Regulations". This way of writing is worth learning from. There are arguments and arguments. A good homecoming research report is inseparable from logical analysis and argumentation. Things are all interconnected, and to understand things, we must understand them in connection and analyze them in comparison. Readers of the homecoming research report may not be familiar with the author's hometown and research background, and if the report only puts forward some arguments and presents some arguments in isolation, it will make people see it in a fog. Argumentation is the process of connecting an argument with an argument. How? The most typical ones are the "ancient and modern Chinese and foreign methods" (vertical comparison) and the "left and right front and back methods" (horizontal comparison). The research report on "Sows Should Also Be Delegated to Farmers for Private Breeding" written by Comrade * to ** not only compares the advantages and disadvantages of private sow breeding before communization and public sow breeding after communization, but also horizontally compares the pig raising situation of several communes in Jiaxing and Suzhou Prefecture, which is similar to Qingpu, which is a comprehensive use of these two argumentation methods. There must be a good style of writing. The style of the research report reflects the style of the research. A good homecoming research report should avoid "fake, long, and empty", and advocate "short, real, and new". Short, that is, to strive for short, concise, and straightforward. Truthfulness means that we should speak things that are in line with reality, not things that are divorced from reality, things that are useful and not lies, and things that reflect our own judgment and not things that follow the script. In 1961, Comrade ** returned to his hometown in Xiangtan, Hunan Province to investigate and wrote 5 investigation materials, including "Xiangtan County Wushi Commune Venus Brigade This Year Comprehensively Increase Production", which summarized advanced experience, and "Investigation Materials of a Production Reduction Team" that objectively reflected the difficulties, which provided a reference for the decision-making of ** and the Hunan Provincial Party Committee from both positive and negative aspects. New means to strive to reflect new situations and new problems, summarize new practices and new experiences, and put forward new ideas and new measures, so that readers can feel the new wind blowing in their faces and their eyes bright.
In 1955, when Comrade ** returned to his hometown to investigate the implementation of the policy of unified grain purchase and marketing, he found outstanding problems such as "excessive grain" (that is, over-planned grain purchases) that the masses strongly resented. After returning to Beijing, he suggested to the government the "three determinations" policy in the unified purchase and marketing of grain in rural areas, that is, the implementation of fixed production, fixed purchase, and fixed sales, which was welcomed by the vast number of peasants after its implementation.
The writing of the research report on returning to the hometown should pay attention to the "three sexes".The general secretary emphasized that "pay attention to the transformation and application of research results, deepen research on the basis of investigation, improve the quality of research results, and effectively transform research results into practical measures to solve problems and improve work, so as to prevent more investigation and less research, more analysis of the situation, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions that are large, empty and abstract, and do not solve practical problems." "In the process of writing a research report on returning to your hometown, you should pay attention to the following requirements. Focus on effectiveness. To measure whether the research report is well written, it is ultimately necessary to look at the actual effect of the investigation and research and the application of the research results. It is necessary to make a concrete analysis of specific problems, rather than an abstract and subjective analysis. It is necessary to "be willing to be a primary school student" and "worship the people as teachers", seek advice from the capable, and ask the wise for advice. It is necessary to actively promote the research results from "paper" to "ground". Focus on typicality. We should be good at grasping the "points," find out a few satisfactory and unsatisfactory examples, and do a good job in investigating the typical examples. From typical cases, we can find general rules, see the big from the small and draw inferences from one case to the other in the "dissecting of sparrows", and promote the "solution of a class of problems" by "dissecting a problem". Focus on accuracy. On the one hand, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of correct concepts, judgments, and reasoning. The material used should be accurate and reliable, and the points presented should be sufficient, necessary and analysed in detail. On the other hand, it is all the more necessary to have a correct standpoint, viewpoint, and method. Even if some individual judgments and reasoning are accurate and thorough, they will inevitably fall into subjectivity and one-sidedness, resulting in cognitive bias. List of Quality Authors **: Secretarial Work