On October 1, 1949, on the upper floor of Tiananmen Square, ** announced in Mandarin with a Hunan Xiangtan accent: "The People's Republic of China **People** was established today!" ”
At the moment of national celebration, there was such a special guest invited to participate, he was Sun Yat-sen's right-hand man, one of the veterans of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai-shek's sworn brother Yang Hu.
He is a witness to history and a builder of New China.
FigThe appearance of such a veteran of the former dynasty at the solemn founding ceremony actually shows the Communist Party's determination to unswervingly follow the patriotic united front of new democracy.
But nine years later, in 1958, ** suddenly ordered: "Arrest him immediately!" "In the middle of 9 years, what kind of changes happened to Yang Hu that made him fall off the altar?
As Chiang Kai-shek's former sworn brother, why did the Communist Party actively win him over? 1. Accept the Three People's Principles and follow Sun Yat-sen's revolution Like many soldiers who participated in the revolution at the same time, Yang Hu grew up in a poor family, his father's original surname was Hu, and later because of the difficulties in life, he was sold to the Yang family and changed his surname to Yang.
As an adult, Yang Hu successively entered the Qing Army's Naval Division Biàn School, Liangjiang Lecture Hall and Nanyang Higher Police School, and gradually embarked on the road of joining the army.
But at that time, the rule of the Qing ** was already corrupt and on the verge of bankruptcy. In the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu (1901), in order to consolidate its own rule, the Qing Dynasty began to implement the "New Deal" to make the final rescue for itself.
Militarily, the introduction of moral equipment and training methods, under such training methods, the soldiers who came out were called the "new army", and Yang Hu was also a member of the new army. However, what the Qing Dynasty did not expect was that while the new army was receiving new military training methods, some emerging ideas in modern times were also introduced into the army and accepted by the new army, including the "Three People's Principles" thought put forward by Sun Yat-sen.
Yang Hu was deeply influenced by the Three People's Doctrine at that time, and he decided to follow Sun Yat-sen. In October 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, the southern provinces responded, the Qing Dynasty collapsed, and Yang Hu resolutely threw himself into the revolutionary battle.
It's a pity that the fruits of the revolution were stolen by Yuan Shikai. At the end of July, Yang Hu and Huang Xing launched an uprising in Nanjing, determined to set out from Nanjing to the north to defeat Yuan Shikai. Due to Yuan Shikai's heavy army and inadequate preparations for the uprising, Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries were forced to go into exile again.
In Tokyo, Japan, Sun Yat-sen heard that Yang Hu had made outstanding achievements in battle, so he invited him to his home as a guest. Yang Hu happily went, but Sun Yat-sen personally hosted a banquet to entertain him, which deeply moved him and became Sun Yat-sen's confidant from then on.
In 1915, Sun Yat-sen wanted Yang Hu to venture to Shanghai for an uprising, and despite the slim hope, Yang Hu accepted the request. He personally organized death squads and fought with Chiang Kai-shek.
Despite the failure of the uprising, Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries returned to China to continue to prepare for the revolution.
Yang Hu, a famous general of the Northern Expedition, once sworn with Chiang Kai-shek as a brother, and repeatedly made meritorious contributions in the Northern Expedition and held important positions. However, after the victory of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek gradually expanded due to his desire for power, weakened Yang Hu's power, and eventually even triggered a conflict with Yang Hu.
Yang Hu's son Yang Anguo even ran away from marriage on the wedding day, which made Song Meiling lose face and further decline Yang Hu's status in Chiang Kai-shek's heart. This power struggle reveals the cruelty and ruthlessness behind power.
Chiang Kai-shek, this man put aside the interests of his brothers, and finally had a chance to weaken Yang Hu's power. As a result, he arranged Yang Hu in the fictitious position of ** Supervisory Commissioner, and the nominal promotion actually deprived him of his military power, which made Yang Hu very dissatisfied and gradually alienated from Chiang Kai-shek.
Yang Hu had nothing to do, went to Fanzhuang as a "public servant", soon Yang Jie returned from the Soviet Union to see him, the two talked very happily, during which Yang Jie suggested that Yang Hu unite the Kuomintang patriots and local powerful factions in Chongqing to discuss the Anti-Japanese War and patriotic and democratic activities, through the introduction of Yang Jie and others, Yang Hu and *** frequent contact, laid the foundation for him to join the Communist Party in the future.
Original text: FigAt that time, Chen Lifu, Wu Kejian, who was active in Shanghai's "Zhaohe Middle School", used his identity as a teacher as a cover, maintained secret contact with Yang Hu, and did a lot of ideological work on Yang Hu.
Wu Huawen, commander of the 96th Army of the Kuomintang, was originally the old department of the Northwest Army, and he served as an officer in Yang Hu's army in his early years, and he admired Yang Hu very much. Wu Huawen saw through the war situation and did not want to fight with the People's Liberation Army again, and he was ready to revolt on the battlefield in Jinan.
Wu Huawen heard that Yang Hu had a relationship with the Communist Party, so he tried every means to contact Yang Hu. One day in July 1948, Yang Hu arranged a meeting between Wu Huawen's confidant Wang Yimin and Wu Kejian at home.
In late July, at an international hotel in Shanghai, the two sides met again. Wu Kejian asked Wang Yimin to urge Wu Huawen to revolt as soon as possible. "The defeat of the Kuomintang is a foregone conclusion, and I hope you can persuade Mr. Wu to revolt as soon as possible. ”
Mr. Wu, there are not enough ammunition and other materials in the city now, and it will take a few days, so we will act immediately when the materials are in place. Soon, Wu Huawen led more than 20,000 people to revolt at Jinan Airport, a move that accelerated the liberation of Jinan.
On November 8, the Battle of Huaihai began. The former Northwest Army was led by two generals, He Jifeng and Zhang KexiaMore than 30,000 people rebelled in Jiawang, and the People's Liberation Army quickly moved south to complete the encirclement of Huang Baitao's corps.
Chiang Kai-shek was furious when he heard the news and ordered the intelligence agencies to strictly track down the "defectors." A few days before this incident, Kuomintang agents were on a reconnaissance mission at Jiangwan Airport and discovered that a small military plane had flown in from the direction of Xuzhou.
After the plane landed, the person who came out of it was Yang Hu. The agents were amazed. When did Yang Hu leave Shanghai, and why did he go to Xuzhou? The military commanders became suspicious of him and immediately investigated him.
Chiang Kai-shek immediately sent someone to Yang Hu's mansion and asked him to quickly return to Nanjing to report on his work. Yang Hu was not in a hurry, and said to the person sent by Chiang Kai-shek under the pretext of his daughter's marriage: "Please tell the chairman that I will attend my daughter's wedding tomorrow."
After that, he immediately rushed to Nanjing. After the wedding banquet, Yang Hu went to Nanjing as promised to meet Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek said straight to the point: "Xiaotian, what did you do in Xuzhou a few days ago?"
You know the matter of He Jifeng and Zhang Kexia's defection to the Communist Party! "I went to Xuzhou to get together with Liu Zhi. "Now that the situation is tense, you have traveled thousands of miles just to meet Liu Zhi? ”
FigYang Hu Yang Hu immediately stood up from his chair and said excitedly: "Chairman, if you suspect that I have something to do with the Communist Party, then arrest me now!" ”
Chiang Kai-shek did not find evidence of his collusion with the Communist Party, so he had to give up for the time being. In fact, the real purpose of Yang Hu's trip to Xuzhou was to understand the situation of the civil war and at the same time test Liu Zhi's plans for his future.
But as soon as Yang Hu arrived in Xuzhou, the Huaihai Campaign began, followed by the uprising of He Jifeng and Zhang Kexia, and this series of coincidences, coupled with his recent unusual behavior, aroused Chiang Kai-shek's suspicions.
From then on, Yang Hu decided to distance himself from the Communist Party. Fourth, he went to Hong Kong with Du Yuesheng, but left in 1949, Yang Hu was faced with a life choice.
In April of that year, Liu Deng's army forcibly crossed the Yangtze River, completely destroyed the Yangtze River defense line that Chiang Kai-shek had painstakingly managed, and rushed towards Nanjing's ** Mansion like a broken bamboo. The rule of the Chiang dynasty on the mainland was coming to an end.
At that time, the city of Shanghai where Yang Hu was located was also stormy, and Chiang Kai-shek stayed in Shanghai, transporting assets to Taiwan, and repeatedly invited Yang Hu to retreat to Taiwan with him.
But Yang Hu didn't want to go to Taiwan. On the Communist side, Wu Kejian demanded that Yang Hu stay in Shanghai and wait for liberation. A few days ago, Chen Xizeng and Tang Enbo came to the "Xingzhong Society" and asked Yang Hu to immediately try to evacuate all the members of the association to Taiwan.
Immediately afterwards, Yang Hu's son-in-law, Shanghai Garrison Commander Zhou Lixing sent another 10 plane tickets, but Yang Hu "declined". When Chiang Kai-shek heard that Yang Hu was not going to leave, he was so angry that he slapped the table.
So, Chiang Kai-shek sent Du Yuesheng to Yang Hu's mansion and asked sideways: "Xiao Gong, are you ready to go to Taiwan?" Yang Hu sighed: "It's difficult!
I can't walk for a while! "If you don't leave this time, I'm afraid there will never be a chance again." If you really don't want to go to Taiwan, you might as well go to Hong Kong with me first, and then find a way out. ”
Well, I'll go to Hong Kong with you! On April 27, Du Yuesheng and Yang Hu agreed to take a ship to Hong Kong. When he was about to leave, Yang Hu only brought one aunt to the dock.
Du Yuesheng was very puzzled, and Yang Hu told him: "When I settle down, other family members will leave Shanghai one after another." Du Yuesheng didn't ask any more.
Yang Hu, as an enlightened person in the Kuomintang, participated with *** in the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China. Although he had participated in counter-revolution and purging activities, after the liberation, the Communist Party implemented a policy of leniency against him, regardless of his previous suspicions, and subsidized him with 300 yuan a month for living expenses, and his residence was the palace of Prince Gong of the Qing Dynasty.
However, Yang Hu's discontent gradually heated up, and he listened to *** and the ** propaganda of the Kuomintang side privately, and spread rumors in society to denigrate the policies of the Communist Party.
Despite the tolerant attitude of the Communist Party, Yang Hu's behavior still led him down the old path of going against the tide of history. In 1958, Yang Hu got on the line with Taiwanese spies and once again embarked on the road of endangering the country.
FigYang Hu Yang Hu's aunt went to Hong Kong at the end of the Liberation War, and renew her relationship with Yang Hu after the founding of New China. Soon after, Taiwan sent a military unification agent to the mainland through Hong Kong, and got in touch with Yang Hu through his aunt's wife.
Yang Hu thought that the time had come, so he wrote secret letters to Chiang Ching-kuo and Shigemitsu Aoi, who was the Japanese foreign minister at the time. They were asked to use Japan's military strength to send troops to Fujian and Northeast China respectively, and then to attack the mainland from the north and south, and he was responsible for the internal response.
After the matter was completed, Chiang Kai-shek was asked to be lenient with the generals who surrendered to Chengcheng, regardless of previous suspicions. As a result, Yang Hu's behavior developed from a personal complaint to a treason to the enemy.
Chiang Kai-shek's father and son, who still coveted the mainland, actually believed Yang Hu's proposal.