With the acceleration of industrialization, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, especially the emission of harmful gases and heavy metals poses a huge threat to human health and ecosystems. In order to meet this challenge, the development of environmental purification technology has become particularly important. Catalysts play a crucial role in these technologies, as they efficiently convert and remove harmful substances from the environment. In this article, we will list which catalysts can effectively remove harmful gases and heavy metals in environmental purification, and list relevant chemical formulas.
First of all, photocatalysts are increasingly widely used in environmental purification. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most common photocatalyst that produces photogenerated electrons and holes in the presence of ultraviolet light, which have high redox capacity and are capable of decomposing a variety of organic pollutants. For example, TiO2 photocatalysts can be used to degrade harmful gases such as formaldehyde (CH2O) and acetaldehyde (C2H4O) in the chamber
CH2O + TiO2 (light) CO2 + H2OC2H4O + TiO2 (light) 2CO2 + H2O
In addition, the TiO2 photocatalyst can also be used for water purification to remove heavy metal ions. For example, TiO2 can adsorb and reduce mercury (Hg2+) and silver (Ag+) plasma in water to achieve heavy metal purification and purification
Hg2+ +TiO2 (light) Hg + TiO2AG+ +TiO2 (light) AG + TiO2
In terms of air pollution control, rare earth tail gas purification catalysts have also shown remarkable results. This type of catalyst usually contains platinum (Pt), palladium (PD), rhodium (RH), etc., which can effectively catalyze harmful gases in the atmosphere, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (CHX), and convert them into harmless nitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
2NOx + 2CO + O2 N2 + 2CO2 The chemical formula literature in this paper is from.
In addition to the above-mentioned catalysts, there are other types of environmental purification materials, such as zeolite and activated carbon fibers, which have good adsorption properties and can be used to treat exhaust gases and purify air. Zeolite has good adsorption and purification functions for hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc. in the atmosphere. For example, zeolite can adsorb and remove sulfur dioxide (SO2):
SO2 + Zeolite SO2-ADSORBED on Zeolite This paper chemical formula literature from.
Activated carbon fibers adsorb a variety of organic pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
vocs + activated carbon fiber → vocs-adsorbed on activated carbon fiber
In terms of water pollution control, ion exchange resin adsorption purification materials and rare earth oxide materials are also used for sulfur dioxide (SO2) flue gas purification. Ion exchange resins are able to effectively adsorb and remove SO2 through their porous structure and ion exchange capacity
so2 + ion exchange resin → so2-adsorbed on ion exchange resin
Rare earth oxide CEO2 is able to react with SO2 over a wide range and is regenerative under the right conditions for SO2 removal and transformation
so2 + ceo2 → ceso4 + o2
In conclusion, there are many kinds of catalysts and materials in environmental purification, which effectively remove harmful gases and heavy metals through different mechanisms and pathways, and protect and improve the environment. With the continuous progress of materials science and environmental engineering technology, more efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts and materials will be developed in the future to provide strong support for sustainable development and environmental protection.