Editor-in-Chief: Cui Xiaohan Editor-in-Chief: Xu Yan Consultant: Mao XinyuAt the beginning of China's troops to resist US aggression and aid Korea, there was a huge difference between the equipment and the enemy's army. Through two years and nine months of war, the squadron has made a great leap forward in its technical equipment, and has built up various technical arms that meet the requirements of modern warfare. Why can the special forces of New China "build while fighting" in war? After the start of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, due to the urgent needs of the war and the promotion of a large amount of technical equipment provided by the Soviet Union, under the guidance of the CPC's policy of "building while fighting," the armed forces of New China used the battlefield as a training ground to temper all technical arms in actual combat. Through this war, the PLA's special forces construction started from a very low starting point, developed rapidly, and greatly narrowed the huge gap between the PLA and the world's advanced military science and technology level at that time. During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the domestic field units of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the units that entered the DPRK in the name of the Chinese People's Volunteers focused on the development of artillery. In the history of world warfare, the armed forces have transitioned from mainly gun battles to artillery battles, and this is an important symbol of the modernization or modernization of the armed forces. It was in the course of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea that the squadron completed this historic transition, thus truly entering the stage of conducting a primary modern war. 
At the beginning of the entry of the Volunteer Army, the number of artillery was small and the technical level was poor. During the first and second battles, the infantry units attacked at night, but the artillery responsible for the cover was very inaccurate because most of the commanders and fighters did not know how to shoot from the map, and the communication was not good. When the infantry pursued the enemy, only some of the team's light mortars could keep up. At that time, although the artillery units endured great hardships, ran away a lot, and were often bombed, they often could not fight, and the front-line troops mainly relied on infantry to fight.
From the end of 1950 to the spring of 1951, the Military Commission urgently established six artillery training bases in the country, and formed two rocket artillery divisions, three anti-tank destroyer divisions and four anti-aircraft artillery divisions. After receiving the equipment rushed by the Soviet Union, these units only conducted assault training for one to three months, and initially reached the point where they were able to move, swing, and fight, and then enter the Korean war. In the summer of 1951, after the Volunteer Army switched to positional defense, the artillery emphasized the principle of coordination and in-depth deployment of infantry and artillery by comprehensively summing up lessons and lessons. After the two sides switched to a positional confrontation, the enemy had a solid position to rely on, and the infantry of the Volunteer Army greatly reduced the lethality of the enemy, and artillery became the main one to kill and injure the enemy. In the autumn of 1952, the power of the artillery of the Volunteer Army was further increased. For example, in the Shangganling operation, the enemy fired 1.9 million rounds of artillery and the Chinese People's Volunteers fired 400,000 rounds of artillery, but the artillery of the Volunteer Army was able to engage in large-scale artillery battles with the enemy's artillery group through mobile and concentrated use. In the offensive, the artillery of the Volunteer Army can generally destroy more than 70% of the enemy's fortifications when the artillery is ready, and in the defense, they can break up the enemy's shock formation with concentrated fire and block the enemy occupying the surface position, so that it cannot expand the results of the battle. According to statistics, about 60% of the enemy troops during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea were caused by the artillery fire of the volunteers. Through the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the antiaircraft artillery units of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) have also developed greatly, expanding from two divisions before the war to eight divisions during the armistice, of which six divisions and a large number of independent antiaircraft artillery regiments and battalions participated in the war. During the war, the rear anti-aircraft artillery units of the Volunteer Army shot down a total of 430 enemy planes, and also accumulated rich combat experience when covering rear targets. 
When the Volunteer Army entered the DPRK, the original old miscellaneous tanks could not participate in the war. After the autumn of 1950, the ** Military Commission, through coordination with the Soviet Union, directly transferred ten active tank regiments from the Soviet Army, and the PLA accordingly received ten regiments. There are more than 500 tanks and self-propelled guns, all of which were T 34 tanks and NC2 tanks produced and used by the Soviet Union in World War II. Due to the urgency of time, the PLA broke the training routine when receiving it, and conducted a three-month assault training by the Soviet tank crews by teaching them by master and apprentice. During the training, the Chinese tank driver drove only four or five hours, and the gunner fired only 20 or 30 shells.
At that time, the US tanks were about the same as the Soviet-style tanks of the Volunteer Army in terms of combat performance, but they had a tenfold advantage in numbers. Enemy aircraft also completely controlled the sky over the front, which brought the greatest difficulties to the tank operations of the Volunteer Army. After entering the front line, the tank units of the Chinese People's Volunteers did not rashly confront the enemy's tanks head-on, but concentrated in the in-depth areas as regiments or companies, and formed an anti-tank system together with infantry, artillery, and engineers in areas on the front line that were convenient for the enemy's tank activities. During the entire war, of the 18 tank regiments of the three tank divisions that had been built by the PLA, 10 regiments that had been equipped with Soviet-style tanks entered the DPRK to participate in the war in the name of volunteers. During the two-year operation, tanks and self-propelled artillery made 246 combat sorties, destroyed 40 enemy tanks and destroyed 846 enemy pillboxes, which played an important role in consolidating the defense of the position. 
After being tempered in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the building of the signal corps in New China has entered a new stage of development. Before an infantry army entered the DPRK, there were only a few dozen radio communication machines, and by the time the armistice was in the hundreds. Companies, platoons, tanks, and aviation units in combat units are equipped with radio communication machines. Strictly speaking, the communications work of the People's Liberation Army only entered the stage of primary modernization from this time.
During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, 15 of the 24 engineer regiments of the PLA entered Korea to participate in the war and worked with the engineers of the field armies to provide engineering support. From the relatively primitive tools such as shovels, pickaxes, steel drills, and hammers, which were basically used during the movement warfare, the engineering units gradually developed into units that began to master all kinds of new types of machinery and equipment in the later stage of positional warfare, and in the practice of warfare, they turned themselves into a unit with the ability and experience to support modern warfare. During the two-year and nine-month War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, a total of 16 artillery divisions, 10 tank regiments, 10 railway divisions, and 12 air force divisions of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) participated in the war in the name of the Chinese People's Volunteers, accounting for 67 percent, 55 percent, 100 percent, and 52 percent of the total, respectively. At that time, *** once said happily: "Now the air force also has it, and there are anti-aircraft guns, artillery, and tanks." The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was a big school, and we carried out a big exercise there, and this exercise was better than running a military school. "In the history of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was one of the stages in which the equipment and technology of the troops advanced the fastest. Through this war, New China has created an air force with the highest strength in the world, trained a powerful artillery force, and began to build armored troops in an all-round way. As *** pointed out: "Since the Chinese people won a nationwide victory, this objective situation has changed fundamentally, and we have now entered the advanced stage of army building, that is, the stage of mastering modern technology." It was precisely the practice of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea that the armed forces of New China experienced a war with the highest degree of modernization in the world at that time, and since then it has also entered the advanced stage of army building.