The first day of the first lunar month is "Rooster Day", formerly known as "New Year's Day", and "Yuan" originally meant "head", and later extended to "beginning". This day is the first day of the year, the first day of spring, and the first day of the first month, so it is called "Sanyuan". The following are some customs on the first day of the first month of the Spring Festival, which I hope will be helpful to you.
In 2024, the flavor will become stronger, and the customs on the first day of the first lunar month will open the door.
Opening the door is a traditional custom of the Han nationality. In the early morning of the first day of the Lunar New Year, as soon as the sky was bright, people got up, and the first thing every household did was to scramble to "open the door". After the sound of firecrackers, the broken red is all over the ground, bright as a cloud brocade, called "full of red". At this time, the street is full of Ruiqi and jubilant, symbolizing the old and welcoming the new and receiving blessings, commonly known as "receiving the new year".
New Year's greetings. New Year's greetings are a traditional Chinese folk custom, which is a way for people to say goodbye to the old and welcome the new year and express good wishes to each other. It usually refers to the first day of the first month of the first month, the head of the family leads the juniors to go out to meet relatives, friends, and elders, and congratulates each other on the New Year with auspicious words. The host's family is warmly entertained with dim sum, candy, and red envelopes (New Year's money).
The correct time for the tradition of New Year's greeting should be after midnight on Chinese New Year's Eve, when the new year really begins to congratulate each other, and earlier than zero o'clock belongs to the early year, if it is later than the tenth day of the first month, it belongs to the old age, and there is a folk proverb: "Have the heart to worship the New Year ten ** night." ”
In ancient times, the original meaning of the word "New Year's greeting" was to celebrate the New Year for the elderly. New Year's greetings generally start at home. On the morning of the first day of the new year, after the younger generation gets up, they should first greet the elders and wish them a long and healthy life and all the best. After the elders are worshipped, the "New Year's money" prepared in advance should be distributed to the younger generations. After greeting the elders in the family, people should also congratulate the New Year with a smile on their faces when they go out, and exchange auspicious words such as "Wishing you prosperity", "Four seasons are happy", "Happy New Year", and neighbors or relatives and friends also visit each other to greet the New Year or invite each other to drink and have fun.
The Han New Year's greeting style has existed in the Han Dynasty. After the Tang and Song dynasties, it was very popular, and some people who did not have to go in person could use famous posts to congratulate. It was called in the Eastern Han Dynasty"Thorns", so the business card is also called "famous thorn". After the Ming Dynasty, many families posted a red paper bag at the door to collect the name post, called the "door book".
Occupy the year. In the old days, the Chinese folk accounted for the year's success with the cloudy and sunny weather on the first few days of the new year. It is said that it began in the Han Dynasty Dongfang Shuo's "Sui Zhan", which means that the first day is the day of the chicken, the second day is the dog, the third day is the pig, the fourth day is the sheep, the fifth day is the cow, the sixth day is the horse, the seventh day is the person, and the eighth day is the grain. If the day is fine, then the things of the lord will multiply, and the day of the lord will be cloudy, and the day of the lord will not be prosperous. Later generations follow his habits and believe that from the first day to the tenth day of the new year, the weather is clear, and there is no wind or snow as auspicious. Later generations developed from the year to a series of sacrifices and celebrations. There are ...... of not killing chickens on the first day of junior high school, not killing dogs on the second day of junior high school, and not killing pigs on the third day of junior high schoolThe custom of not punishing on the seventh day of the first month.
Sticker chicken. Zhu Xianzhen wood-block New Year painting.
In ancient times, chickens were painted on doors and windows during the Spring Festival to drive away ghosts and evil spirits. The Jin Dynasty's "Xuanzhong Ji" talks about the aforementioned Tianji on Dushuo Mountain, saying that when Tai is just rising, the first sunlight shines on this big tree, the Tianji crows. As soon as it crowed, the chickens of the world began to crow. Therefore, the chicken cut during the Spring Festival is actually a symbol of the chicken. However, in ancient mythology, there is also a saying that the chicken is a deformed bird. It is said that when Emperor Yao, the friends of the side paid tribute to a kind of Chongming bird that can ward off evil spirits, and everyone welcomed the arrival of Chongming Bird, but the tribute envoy did not come every year, so people carved a wooden Chongming Bird, or put it in the portal with copper casting Chongming Bird, or painted Chongming Bird on the doors and windows, scared away demons and monsters, so that they did not dare to come again. Because the heavy Ming bird resembles a chicken, it was gradually changed to painting chickens or cutting window flowers and pasting them on doors and windows, which became the source of paper-cutting art in later generations. In ancient times, our country paid special attention to chickens and called it"The Bird of Five Virtues"。"Han Poems Biography" says that it has a crown on its head, which is Wende; There is a distance behind the foot to fight, which is a martial virtue; The enemy dares to fight in front of him, which is bravery; It is benevolence to have food to greet the same kind; The vigil does not lose time, and the dawn is announced, which is faith. Therefore, people not only cut chickens during the New Year, but also set the first day of the new year as the chicken day.
Gather wealth. One of the Chinese folk customs. It is said that the first day of the first lunar month is also the birthday of the broom, and the broom cannot be used on this day, otherwise it will sweep away the luck and ruin the wealth, and attract the "broom star" and cause bad luck. If you have to sweep the floor, you have to sweep it from the outside to the inside. On this day, you can't throw water and garbage outside, for fear of ruining your money. Today, this custom is still preserved in many places, sweeping clean on Chinese New Year's Eve, not taking out a broom on the first day of the new year, not taking out garbage, preparing a large bucket to hold wastewater, and not spilling it on that day.
Drink Tusu wine. Tusu wine is a wine drunk during the Spring Festival in ancient China, so it is also known as New Year's wine. Tusu is a kind of house in ancient times, because it is a wine made in this kind of house, so it is called Tusu wine. It is said that Tusu wine was created by Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the late Han Dynasty, and its formula is soaked in traditional Chinese medicine such as rhubarb, atractylodes, cinnamon branches, parsnip, pepper, aconite, and aconite.
Rice cake. Eat rice cakes during the Spring Festival, "take the year to win the year, and pray for the New Year." It means that everything goes well every year. The types of rice cakes are: white cakes and yellow rice cakes in the north; Jiangnan has water-milled rice cakes; There are glutinous baba in the southwest; There are red turtle cakes in Taiwan. In the Han Dynasty, Yang Xiong's book "Dialects" already had the title of "cake", which was popular during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Jia Sixian's "Qi Min Yao Shu" records the production method. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the cake has developed into a perennial snack on the market, and there is a difference between the north and the south. There are two kinds of steamed and fried rice cakes in the north, and in addition to steaming and frying, there are still slices of fried rice cakes and soup boiling methods.
Dumplings. There is a tradition of eating dumplings at the Chinese New Year's Eve dinner in the north, but the customs of eating dumplings are also different in various places, some places eat dumplings on the night of Chinese New Year's Eve, some places eat dumplings on the first day of the new year, and some mountainous areas in the north still have the custom of eating dumplings every morning from the first day of the new year to the fifth day of the new year. Eating dumplings is a unique way to express people's wishes for good fortune as they say goodbye to the old and welcome the new. According to the ancient Chinese method of timekeeping, 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. the next day is the sub-time. "Jiaozi" is the moment when the new year intersects with the old year. Dumplings mean more age, and eating dumplings during the Spring Festival is considered to be auspicious. In addition, dumplings are shaped like ingots, making dumplings means wrapping good luck, and eating dumplings symbolizes a rich life. Unlike the north, Chinese New Year's Eve meals in the south usually have hot pot and fish. The hot pot is boiling, steaming, warm and sultry, and red-hot; "Fish" and "Yu" are homophonic, symbolizing "auspicious celebrations", and also symbolizing a happy life, "more than every year". There are also some places in the south that pay attention to eating rice cakes during the Spring Festival, which are high every year (cakes), symbolizing that the harvest is getting higher and higher year by year, and the realm is getting higher and higher year by year.
Lantern Festival. In the south, it is called "tangyuan", and in Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places, there is a custom of eating tangyuan on the morning of the first day of the Lunar New Year. The Lantern Festival, Taoism calls it the "Shangyuan Festival". According to Yi Tuzhen's "(Girl) Huanhuanji" in the Yuan Dynasty, "Sanyu Post" is quoted: After Chang'e ran to the moon, Yi missed and became ill. On the night of the fourteenth day of the first lunar month, a boy suddenly asked to see, claiming to be the envoy of Chang'e, and said: "Mrs. knows that Jun Huaisi, there is no way to descend, tomorrow is the time of the full moon, you should use rice flour as a pill, the group is like the moon, put the northwest of the room, call the name of Mrs., and the three nights can be lowered." Yi did what he did, and Chang'e really came. It can be seen that eating Lantern Festival on the Lantern Festival is to take the auspicious meaning of "Tuan Tuan Tuan is like the moon". During the Ming Dynasty, Lantern Festival was already common in Beijing, and the practice was no different from today. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the "Eight Treasures Lantern Festival" and Ma Siyuan Lantern Festival prevailed. **In the early years, Yuan Shikai also ordered a ban on shouting Lantern Festival because the Lantern Festival and "Yuan Xiao" sounded the same.
Spring roll. Spring rolls are also ** cakes, and eating spring cakes in the beginning of spring is an ancient custom in China. In the Jin Dynasty, there were "five taro plates", that is, "spring plates", which were placed in the same plate with spring cakes and vegetables. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the wind of eating spring cakes in spring gradually flourished, and the emperor gave it to the ministers and officials, and the spring plate at that time was very particular: "green wisps of red silk, golden rooster and jade swallow, extremely exquisite, each plate straight ten thousand dollars." People also use it to give gifts to each other. The food custom of eating spring cakes has also influenced fraternal peoples. For example, when Yelu Chulu followed Genghis Khan to conquer the Western Regions, he ordered the chef to make a spring plate and wrote a poem: "I forgot it by chance yesterday on a spring day, and I will try to make a spring plate." At the beginning of this case, the silver thread was messy, and the sand bottle was cooked and the lotus root silk was long. Evenly and peas, knead the green onion white, finely cut the wilted artemisia and the leek. is also full with He Zeng, why wait for the anointing beam". Spring cakes have developed to this day, and the shape varies from place to place, and the time of eating also varies from place to place. There are branded and steamed; It may be as big as a fan, or as small as a lotus armor.
Reunions and dinners.
Every time the "old is positive", South Korea will also face the problem of "Spring Festival" due to the large flow of tens of millions of people. Fortunately, South Korea has a small land area, a relatively developed road transportation network, and almost every household has a car, so most Koreans will choose to drive home for the holidays.
On Chinese New Year's Eve, Vietnamese families prepare a sumptuous Chinese New Year's Eve dinner, and the whole family gathers together for a reunion dinner. Square rice dumplings with pork and mung bean filling are a must-have food on the table during the Vietnamese Tet Festival. The glutinous rice is dyed pale green by bamboo leaves, which is smooth and soft and glutinous, fragrant and delicious. Another traditional food is the Vietnamese spring rolls. The skin of Vietnamese spring rolls is made from multi-processed rice flour, which is characterized by thinness, toughness, and penetration, and is coated with a filling and served with a dipping sauce, which is light and refreshing.
On the Korean Peninsula, every family eats "rice cake soup" at their dinner, which means that they are one year older and all things are renewed.
Worship ancestors" and "thanksgiving".
As soon as the New Year's bell rings, Vietnamese people begin to worship their ancestors. The five-fruit plate, which symbolizes the five elements of heaven and earth, is an indispensable offering that expresses gratitude to ancestors and wishes for good health, good health, and good luck in the New Year.
On the Korean Peninsula, at the beginning of the first month, every household holds a formal and solemn "sacrifice and New Year's worship" ceremony. Men, women and children get up early, change into new clothes, some put on traditional national costumes, kowtow to their ancestors in turn, pray for the ancestors to bless safety, and then pay New Year's greetings to the elders one by one, thanking the elders for their nurturing grace. Whoever greets the elders, the younger generations must kneel down and kowtow, and the elders will give the younger generations "New Year's money" or simple gifts.