1. Visit FuzhouThe ancient city of JinglingThe ancient city of Fuzhou Jingling, inheriting the long history and cultural genes of Shijiahe Jingling City, since the Northern Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty, moved from Xiaocheng to the south of Yishui (Xijiang) Bin, established the state, the county governance, the Tang and Song dynasties, colorful and famous.
Walking in the suburbs of Jingling City, the rivers and lakes in the wilderness are clear and blue, and the long bridge lies horizontally; The high-rise buildings of the new city are connected with the garden. Brush away the dust and smoke of history, explore the secluded places, and look for the cultural traces of the Tang and Song dynasties.
Tang "Yuanhe County Chronicles", "Old Tang Book", Song "Jisheng" and other classics all recorded: Fuzhou, take the state boundary Fuchi Lake as the name, and govern Jingling County. The county is medium, under the state of Guo. The county seat is an ancient wind city, and it is bordered by Yishui in the south; The state is on the right side of the heavy lake. The sub-city is in the east of the city. Guangjiaoyuan (West Pagoda Temple) is one mile west of the city (one mile away from the west of the city).
In the Tang and Song dynasties, Fuzhou Jingling City was "surrounded by water on all sides, because the lake is Hao"; Heavy lakes and clear water, surrounded by rivers and lakes. There is the North Lake, the lower is near the South Lake and the West River, the left is close to the West Lake, and the right is close to the East Lake.
The landscape map of Jingling is clear one by one. Painted by Guo Yi.
The natural features of the ancient city are vividly described in the poems of the Tang and Song dynasties: the poet Pi Rixiu's "Sanyu Fishing Song":
The long song is the middle stream, and the short boat is left to stay. The sunset smoke waves are three nights, and the wind and dew the five lakes in autumn. The fishing boats on the river in the south of the city come and go like a shuttle, and the beautiful scenery of the smoke and sunset is absolutely like the golden autumn of the five lakes (Taihu Lake) in the south of the Yangtze River.
Read Lu Yu's "Autobiography": "I and Wu Xing Shi Jiaoran are friends who forget their years. "When Lu Yu first arrived in Huzhou, he lived in Miaoxi Temple, and discussed poetry with the presiding monk Jiaoran tea day and night.
The whole Tang Dynasty poem contains the poem "Passing the Tomb" by the monk Jiaoran:
Jilu Pingjiang County, weeping poplar Zagu embankment. Stepping on a spring outing, it is like Huansha Creek. The scenery of the water town is like Wuyue in the south of the Yangtze River. It makes people feel like they have come to the Ruoye Creek of Shih Tzu Huansha.
Southern Song Dynasty Supervision Imperial Envoy, Sichuan and Shaanxi Propaganda Envoy Zheng Gangzhong, was degraded by Qin Hui Fuzhou Jingling, his "Beishan Collection" poem preface "is about to Jingling, looking at the lonely city to cover the ring of Daze in the poem said:
Looking at Jinglingzhi from afar, Daze is surrounded by blockage. The line is the city, the people's house and the miscellaneous official mansion. Next to the gloomy and depressed, it is said to be a prison ambush. Maots hides firewood, and a bamboo supports the pillar. Surrounded by elm and willow green, the wind stirs up the flower dance ......Lying down and listening to the Qingming rain, where is the home mountain! Cao Yan, the military envoy of Hanyang in the Southern Song Dynasty, made a poem about "Fuzhou City": "The city is divided into north and south flat waist bundles (the embankment in front of the north gate and the back moat is the waist city), and the lake number is floating on the east and west." Surrounded by clear water in West Lake, Longgai Temple (West Pagoda Temple) reflects the covering of Fuzhou; The lotus pond of East Lake reflects the Dongchan Temple (Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan Temple).
Cao Yanyue's poem about the north gate opening moat to build the waist city, seen in the autumn of the seventeenth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1147), "the north rode from the northwest corner of the plum garden (Lijia Lake) into the Jingling. Residents seized the south gate and crossed the pontoon bridge, and they came to embrace it, but the bridge was gone. Riding it in the north, the dead are incalculable......plunder their children to do so, and return to the city. Cao Yanyue trampled on the northern cavalry again, "ordered to dig a ditch at the north gate (in the future) to build an embankment for the waist city, communicate the east and west lakes, and form a moat surrounded by water on all sides." The ancient city is divided into two cities, north and south, such as "Lu.""Glyph.
The ancient city of Jingling in Fuzhou in the Tang and Song dynasties is seven meters high, with a circumference of about three kilometers, from the ancient city embankment in the north, to Bailuo Mountain and Huanghuang Mountain in the south (now Shengli 2nd Road, Yuanchun Road).
Thousands of years of vicissitudes, squatting on the mayor street, where to find the traces of the ancient city of Tang and Song Dynasty? Where is Bailuo Mountain, Jianlong Mountain, and Phoenix Mountain?
In the 80s, the ancient city embankment in the north of the city (photo by Tong Zhengxiang).
Read the poem "Dengfu South Building" by Tang Dynasty Qian Qi (one of the ten talents of the Great Calendar, Hanlin Bachelor) "Dengfuzhou South Building":
The lonely tree extends the spring day, and the mountain rolls up the dawn. Geese on the lake of Kexin, acacia sun-side flowers. The poet's south gate tower overlooks the "dawn of his mountain", according to the "Ming Dynasty Unification Chronicles": Bailuo Mountain, in the southwest of Jingling County, there is Wuwang Temple (that is, the unit of the Flower Drum Troupe). See Longshan, more than 400 steps south of the county, winding like a dragon; Huangong County left (now Yihe Qingyunguan is the bridge area). There are also Longgai Mountain of the West Lake uplift, Phoenix Mountain from the Overseas Chinese Hotel to the former Workers' Club, all of which are uplifted soil slopes; It is the place where the poets of the Tang and Song dynasties came to chant.
Song Qi, the military magistrate of Fuzhou in the Song Dynasty, and his brother raised the Jinshi (the first in the Ministry of Rites), and served as the squire of the Ministry of Officials, the Shangshu of the Ministry of Industry, and the bachelor of Hanlin, and presided over the revision of the Book of Tang. The text of "The Tablet of the Imperial Book Pavilion of the Fuzhou Guangjiao Zen Academy" written by him says:
Straight west out of a mile, there is a courtyard called Guangjiao, is the beginning of the Tang Zen master Ji Gong, the practice of the Duke of Lu.
Pei Di of the fifth Tang Dynasty has the poem "West Pagoda Temple".
Jingling West Pagoda Temple, the trace is still empty. Not only does it live alone, but once Lu Yu lived. The mountain gate of the West Tower Temple (now Shihua Restaurant), the east straight one mile is the Confucianism of the Jingling Tomb in the southwest of the ancient Jingling City (now the Huatai Middle School of Yuanchun Street), and then the east is along the Mengye Pavilion (the original cultural palace place) of the sub-city, which should be the southern city of the Jingling of the Tang and Song Dynasties, and the Imjin Gate is in the middle of the Hongjian Road today.
The city rebuilt in the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1370) and the Jingling brick city of the ninth year of Zhengde (1514) "built slightly south of the old city", the city is 6 to 8 meters high, and the city circumference is 228 kilometers (642 meters long from east to west, 500 meters wide from north to south), with 4 gates of Nanxun, Beigong, Dongyang and Xicheng. The north gate is moved down to the front of the official pond; The South Gate Building South Smoke Gate is between the current mobile company and Bao'an**. Outside the city, it is the moat that "overlooks the meandering stream of Qinghao" (now filled in to become the People's Avenue).
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Benyi poet Hu promised (Ming Chongzhen raised people, and lived in seclusion in the Qing Dynasty. Poetry Zaihu Guangtong Zhi) nostalgic poem "Dengfu South Building Site":
The deserted city was burned and robbed, and the relics asked the south building. The plains are rippling and the water is lonely. I feel that the ancient city has experienced war, the city tower was burned, and the living beings were destroyed after the desolation scene.
The ancient city of Jingling in Fuzhou in the Tang and Song dynasties is seven meters high, with a circumference of about three kilometers, from the ancient city embankment in the north, to Bailuo Mountain and Huanghuang Mountain in the south (now Shengli 2nd Road, Yuanchun Road).
According to the Song Dynasty "Jisheng of the Land" and other classics, the north name of the four city gates is Baixue Gate, and the snow pavilion is built on it, which should be at the embankment of the ancient city. After the destruction, Ming Zhengde moved to the front of the three wells and Hanbi Hall. The south name is Imjin Gate (now Shengli 2nd Road East out of Hongjian Road), there is a drum corner tower on it, and the southwest is the famous Jingling Confucianism (now Huatai Middle School).
The temple outside the city gate has the Lieshan Temple that worships the Divine Dragon Emperor, and the Nanhu Academy (now the west of Shengli 2nd Road) that worships the portrait of Di Renjie, the assassin envoy of Fuzhou and the good minister of the Tang Dynasty. The west is the Yellow Crane Gate, the Wangxian Tower is built on it, and the Ziyang Temple and the ancient well of Jin Liu Zidantai (in Huatai Middle School) are built outside and look at the West Lake. The east is Jinghu Gate, facing the East Lake, there are Fuxi Temple, Drum Corner Tower, Mengye Pavilion on the sub-city, each building pavilion has high ridge cornices, majestic and magnificent. In the southwest corner of the state city, a rectangular defense was built to defend Luocheng.
The ancient city of Fuzhou Baoxiang Pavilion (Hushan Hall), the unearthed Hanshou Pavilion Hou Guan Gong copper seal and other cultural relics.
The ancient wild goose bridge of the West Lake, which "covers the children with geese", has also undergone several changes through wind and rain. The "Ming Dynasty Unification Chronicles" in the fifth year of Ming Shun (1461) contains: Yanqiao, in Jingling County, West Lake embankment (small embankment between West Lake, Jiangjia River and Xijiang River). The water under the bridge connects the West Lake and the Xijiang River, (more than 200 meters away from the West Pagoda Temple). Hong Wu Jisi (1389), the water broke the city. In the twelfth year of Hongji (1499), a large-scale construction of a moat was built, which was long.
Seven or eight miles, the face is four zhang wide, and the height is more than two zhang. The tall embankment street makes the city "take the lake with the river, and set up a moat in the sky". The originally low-sunken Yan Bridge was also moved south to the confluence of the West Lake and the moat. The stone arch bridge is fully paved with bluestone slabs, the east and west are embedded with the dragon's head and the dragon's tail, and the Wolong is carved with scales; On the side of the bridge, the Qing Dynasty Kangxi Zhi County Qian Yongshu "Ancient Wild Goose Bridge" stele. Qing Daoguang calligrapher and painter Hu Dezeng inscribed the word Yanqiao. The ancient bridge and the West Tower Temple face each other across the lake, the water under the bridge is murmuring, the reeds around are undulating, the wild geese fly south in the sky, the scenery is excellent.
Ancient Wild Goose Bridge in front of Lu Gong Ancestral Hall.
On the Puzhou in the west of the city, birds inhabit, cranes dance and geese sing: the ancient tree repairs the middle hall tower tower, the law is solemn Longgai Temple (later known as the West Tower Temple), "once Lu Yuju"; It is the place where the tea saint boy grows up. Yu Yu was an orphan, adopted and raised by Zen Master Zhiji, and escaped from the temple because he did not want to leave home, and joined the opera troupe as a teacher of Lingzheng; Appreciated and loved by Li Qiwu, the Taishou of Jingling, he touched his back and taught poetry and books; He was also sent to Huomen Mountain Zou Fuzi Academy to study. Yan Zhenqing commented that Li Qiwu "is the Huan Han of the country, the outstanding person of Shilin, who has been guarding the Jingling Tomb for several years, and the situation has changed, and he is like the generation of the Xi Emperor." "When he left office, he actually said goodbye to his father.
Lu Yu also traveled for three years with Jixian Zhishu, who was demoted to Fuzhou Sima, and Cui Guofu, who was in the Ministry of Rites, and compared the products of tea. Cui funded Lu Yu to inspect the tea affair in the north and south, and gave a parting poem:
The farewell failed to rotate, and they looked at each other. The boat wanted to reflect the boat, and shook its hand several times. "Lianshuikou" is the connection between the Xijiang River and the Jiangjia River. Lu Yu avoided the war in the history of An, traced Huzhou in the south of the Yangtze River, settled in Tiaoxi, tasted tea and talked about water, and wrote "The Book of Tea", becoming a world-renowned cultural giant.
The West Pagoda Temple has the Longgai Temple Tablet, Lu Hong's Sencha Tablet (Lu Yu's autobiography), the Daxiong Treasure Hall, the Pagoda, Lu Ziquan (Lu Yujing), the Lu Yu Temple, the Mulberry Tree Lu and other landscapes.
Newly built West Pagoda Temple (photo by Gui Quansheng).
In the middle line of the north city, the Confucian Temple of the palace of the palace has the Dacheng Palace, the Minglun Hall, the Xiangxian Temple and other buildings are quiet and brilliant, and the engraved image of Confucius is engraved for the Tang Dynasty painter Wu Daozi. The Confucian Palace of the Song Dynasty Prefecture City is originally in the southwest corner, there are Yanyu Building, Yangxinzhai, Baozhang Pavilion in it, and there are four pavilions built: Mingning Xiang, Green Yin, Ruilu, Green Wave, the beautiful scenery is famous in Jianghan. (In the nineteenth year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1540), it was relocated to the north of Zhaoqiang Street).
The three-eyed well of the literary spring on the side of the official pond is dug by the Eastern Jin Dynasty monk Zhi Dun (the word Daolin) in Xijing Ling Longgai Temple, the spring water is clear and sweet, warm in winter and cool in summer, and the fog in the well is steaming in winter; The tea industry is respected as the "thousand-year-old Zen tea ancestral spring", "the first spring, the holy spring of tea.""。Zhigong ** tea chanting poetry and horseback riding, for the Wei and Jin Dynasty demeanor of a generation of style. Invited by the book saint Wang Xi to travel and travel, Yaju Lanting "repair"; Qu water flows, drinking and writing poems. The branch is proud and victorious in Jingling, and often gallops through the northern suburbs of the city; To this day, there is Zoumaling.
The Ziji Palace in the north of the literary spring (the name of Tianqingguan in the Northern Song Dynasty), built in the second year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (743), contains the ancient bell cast in the dragon year of Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty and the ancient cypress tree of the clumsy plate. In the palace, there are Tang Dynasty poets Pi Rixiu (and the first writer Lang, Dr. Taichang), Tortoise Meng's "Qi Chi Pan Water Drunk Poetry Book" reading hall. Pi Shizan Fuzhou Jingling poem:
Xian'er Youyou is a young man, and the smoke and moon are like Wu Tian. There is no labor on the shore, and it is not necessary to take the wind with the wind. Thousands of acres of rice on the side of the road everywhere, and a canal of lotus outside the door. The City God's Temple (the former workers' club) in Dongmenzi City has Jingfu Building, the main hall, the tile workshop, and the flower hall. Jingfu Lou is lively and prosperous, and visitors are weaving. There is a Fuxi temple built on the sub-city. On the platform in the southwest corner, Yumeno Pavilion stands majestically; Climb high with the blue fence and see the wilderness of Yunmeng at a glance. The city is adjacent to the East Lake as the "Jinghu Gate".
Zhang Lei, the fourth bachelor of Song Sumen, the first jinshi of the weak crown, knows Runzhou with the straight dragon head pavilion. Yuan Fu sat in the Yuan Yu party, degraded the Fuzhou wine officer, and the ancient city of Hongxuan (now southwest of Luyu Square) and the Rose Garden at the north gate of the house, leaving a lot of poems praising the tomb of Fuzhou. His poem "Ascending the City God's Temple":
The spiritual shrine is lonely and crushes the city, and the next is a meandering stream. There are a few seats in the wind and dust all day, and sometimes the flute and drum are sacrificed to spring and autumn. "Winter Huaiguan's Meiqiao" poem: Living in the small garden of Zeguo, looking at each other for thousands of miles. I want to see the remnants of the snow in the tomb, and the new plum is dotted with oranges and gold. "Huaijingling Lotus" poem: There is Tingzhou outside the Jinghu Gate, and the scorching red lotus shines on the blue stream. The time when the son does not return is late, and the rain branches and leaves lie in autumn. In history, Zhang Leiyi has a great view and a strong pen, and Su Shi praised his poems and texts "The ocean is diluted, and there is a sound of singing and three sighs"; It was popular for a while, and it was popular in the literary world.
Jingling since the ancients outstanding spirit, extended to the Ming season, along the street cultural landscape is simple and elegant, exquisite. There are 48 stone memorial arches that carve dragons and carved phoenixes and lion couplets in the market, which are rare in the province. Commend and commemorate the meritorious service, Kedi, virtue and politics, loyalty and filial piety celebrities of Benyi. Such as the Tang Dynasty tea saint Lu Yu, the Ming Dynasty Guozi priest wine Lu Duo, father and son Jinshi Li Deng, Li Chunyuan, Li Shu, Li Weizhen, Xie Tingjing, Xie Qiju, brother Jinshi Zhang Yuandao, Zhang Congdao, Wu Jun, Wu Bo, Wu Wenjia, Wu Wenqi, Ministry of Shangshu, Tianguan Shaobao, Zhou Jiamo, Hubu Shangshu Chen Suoxue, etc. The filial son Tang Bao repaid his grievances with virtue, served his stepmother who had abused him with filial piety, and was imprisoned on behalf of his younger brother ......The imperial court issued a special decree to build a memorial arch filial piety.
Outside the ancient city, it is adjacent to the Yishui of the Xijiang River, and is set up as four passes after the prosperity of the embankment street: that is, the wild goose (the embankment street outside the West Gate), the Yishui (the ferry port of the embankment of the East Longtan Bay Embankment of the South Lake), the Hongjian (on the embankment of the Liuzi Street out of the South Gate), and the Qingyun (on the embankment of the East Gate Bridge).
The story of "Sending Jing Niang for a Thousand Miles" in history and the story of Zhao Kuangyin defecting to Fuzhou in the Song Dynasty: meeting Jing Niang, a girl who was separated from her father and fell into trouble in the rivers and lakes in Nanyue; The hero saved the beauty and escorted him back to his hometown in Puzhou, Shanxi Province. When he became the founding emperor, he remembered the past when the Jingling Ferry did not charge boat fares, and specially enclosed this section of the river in Longtan Bay as the "Yi River"; Fishing tax is waived for three years.
Jingling is the land of fish and rice since ancient times, and the scenery is like a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. "Hubei Tongzhi" contains Jingling calligraphy poems:
The three rivers are clear and sunny, and the reeds of the sand village are the walls. The bamboo shoots are beautiful in the deep spring, and the late rice flowers in the autumn are fragrant. Ming Chenghua Zhixian Jiang Xuanfu poem "Sanyu Fishing Song": Sanyu takes the lonely city, but the fishing song cannot be painted. The sound of the mountains is also green, and the water is still clear in the waves. Blow open the willow leaves and listen to the fish, and fly over the reed flower heron. The white apple hook of the chair is not down, and the moon is full of boats. The poet writes the sword and travels to Jingling, and after farewell, he admires the water town in his dreams, the vicissitudes of life have changed dramatically, and the ancient city has changed stars. Zoumaling, more than 1,000 acres of North Lake, is being transformed into an ecological wetland park. The botanical garden is full of green trees and grass; The new building of the college is in the jungle and green fields; It is surrounded by high-rise buildings and units, and the wilderness ecology is livable on the shore of Linghu Lake.
Along the embankment street of the ancient city in the northern suburbs of West Lake, the antique hilltop palace complexes - Xita Temple, Lu Yu's Ancient Garden and Lu Gong Ancestral Hall, cultural officials, and museums stand in the green trees.
Tianmen Museum.
Tianmen Workers' Cultural Palace.
The museum's collection of cultural relics is exquisite: there are Neolithic stones, pottery products, copper-smelting stones, jade (Shijiahe site has unearthed cultural jade carvings more than 4,000 years ago, nearly 500 pieces of human heads, dragons, phoenixes, eagles, tigers, cicadas and other unique shapes, vivid and realistic, the archaeological authority praised as "the pinnacle of prehistoric jade, the unprecedented development of Chinese jade culture in time and space. It represented the highest level of jade cutting skills in China and even East Asia at that time, and rewrote the history of Chinese jade culture. "Zhou Dynasty bronzes, handicrafts, Northern Song Dynasty porcelain, Ming Dynasty Bada Shanren calligraphy and painting, Wu Changshuo Four Seasons Flower Island painting screen, Qing Dynasty Jiang Zhuangyuan banner ink, tens of thousands of ancient books, rare books, Orchid Pavilion Preface, Jiucheng Palace and other stone tablet treasures.
The jade statue unearthed from the Shijiahe site in Tianmen.
Tianmen Shijiahe site unearthed the "group phoenix jade carving".
The West Lake and East Lake have been dredged and expanded into urban lakes. The area of the West Lake Lu Yu Ancient Park is 052 square kilometers (780 acres) (water area 510 acres). The front and rear trenches (736 meters) are connected to the east and the west lake. In the meantime, this feng shui treasure is forming a gourmet steamed vegetable street and a leisure and cultural block. Among the traditional "three steamed nine buckles and ten bowls", steamed eel, steamed turtle, steamed pork with powder, orange petal fish, sea bass with pepper sauce, steamed vegetables with chrysanthemum, pearl glutinous rice balls, and fried shredded pork with pickled vegetables are the most popular among gourmets. Tianmen steamed dishes have entered the *** concierge menu. Tianmen was praised as "the hometown of Chinese steamed vegetables".
Tang Street, Lu Yu Lane, electric neon at night, young men and women fashion song and dance party, Karaok, bar coffee and cold drink leisure. The street shops swept by the economic tide are stylishly decorated, and the sidewalks on both sides are lined with marble .......
Tang and Song Dynasty Fuzhou Jingling City landscape schematic diagram one by one hand-drawn by the author2. Pilgrimage to the West Lake Lu Yu's Ancient GardenStroll through the new Tianmen of "a culturally strong city, an ecological homeland, and a tea culture city", and look at the new landscape of West Lake, there is a lake in the park, there are islands in the lake, there are bridges on the islands, and there are pavilions by the bridges. The water pavilion is dotted with beautiful trees and flowers, and the scenery is magnificent. Lu Yu's former garden has become a domestic tourist attraction and a beautiful city card of Jianghan.
Wake up in the morning, step on the white and soft snow, and stand in the garden to look at the gods. Lu Yu's hometown garden on Puju is a holy place admired by tea people all over the world. The scenery of the West Lake dotted with residual snow is beautiful, the water and sky are wet, and the fog is cold and smoky; The attic near the lake, the pavilion with the water, the rainbow bridge lying on the waves, and the ancient wild goose bridge in the remnants of the lotus constitute a black and white ink painting. In the distance, the red plum trees are very proud of the snow; The nearby jungle ginkgo, black pine, cherry blossoms, blue picks, white magnolias, and dragon claw locust are full of jade trees; It is like entering the fairyland and glass world of pink and jade.
The statue of Lu Yu is tall and holy, and the plain robe is elegant. He is still concerned about the common people, roaring about the tea mountain, and his worried eyes are still paying attention to the ...... of China's tea industry and people's livelihood
Jingling West Lake Lu Yu's Ancient Garden.
Ascending to the world's first teahouse, the charm of the prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty is coming. Nine inside the floor and five outside, apartment"The Ninety-Five"。Browse the tea affairs, tea arts, and famous teas of the past dynasties layer by layer, such as being in a dazzling tea fair. Looking at the quiet West Lake and the noisy Jingling New Town, it makes people feel like they are in Qionglou Wang Yu, and their minds suddenly feel that "Gao Lang has his arms, and he has reached his meaning.""！
Entering the tea room to taste the warm and red aged Pu'er tea soup, the breath of Xishuangbanna forest is fragrant and intoxicating; The new black tea with the fruity and timeless fragrance of Huomen Mountain is also soaked in the legacy of the mountains and rivers of Huizhou and Zhejiang. Looking at the scenery of the old garden, you don't feel that people's thoughts are long and long.
Who doesn't have a golden childhood? But you have been in the temple since you were a child, and you have suffered a lot of humiliation and bitterness. "A hundred and twenty hooves (30 heads) of cattle. Longgai Temple only awaits you with labor, menial work (sweeping the floor and cleaning the toilet, carrying bricks and mud walls), whipping, tears and ......Wandering in the south of the Yangtze River, you will become famous all over the world in one fell swoop, but your nostalgia will always be "envious of the West River, once to Jingling City"; Repeatedly chanted "The beauty of the terroir of Jingling is unparalleled in my country!" "Only those who have great love in their hearts, and who are kind, sincere and beautiful, will be grateful to the monks who have treated you harshly; Nostalgic for the hometown of childhood suffering and sorrow, I don't know where my relatives are!
Who doesn't love the truth in the world? The loyal ministers who intersected were successively degraded and killed; The confidante who respected you was also killed. Only a long sigh! Hate is powerless. He often walks alone in the wilderness ......Wander to the dark ......Weeping and returning.
Traveling thousands of miles, reading thousands of books, from a shepherd boy who doesn't know books to a cultural celebrity.
Walking all over the green mountains to taste tea and evaluate the water, the wonderful pen dyes the mountains and rivers of the south of the Yangtze River, and leaves traces of victory everywhere in the world. "The Story of Lingyin Temple" adds color to Hangzhou; "The Story of Tiger Hill" adds color to Suzhou; "The Story of Gu Zhu Mountain" makes Huzhou shine; "The Story of You Huishan Temple" made Wu Xi famous; "Title: Lushan Kangwang Valley Spring" will be Lushan famous as the first spring in the world.
"The Unclear Fu of the Heavens", "Four Sorrowful Poems", and "On Destroying Tea" have shocked traitors, faint kings, and profiteers of all dynasties for thousands of years!
If you abandon the Beijing official, you will write a book in the mountains and forests. I don't want to sing praises for the royal family, but I dare to ask for the sad song of the tea farmers! In troubled times, he helped the loyal minister to quell the rebellion, and returned to Linquan when he was stable, and promised tea to help the world and benefit the people. "The Book of Tea" came out, "The world knows tea.""。Promote the barren mountains to be covered with green, the ravines to become cities, tea farmers to prosper, and businessmen to make a fortune. China has become a big tea-producing country, and it has been spread to the world. The tea industry has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty, and "green gold" has protected the earth's ecological ......Therefore, the tea people in the world respect you as "holy"; The tea merchant offers you the "gods.""；The poet praises you as an "immortal".
The bronze statue of Lu Yu in the inland Yu Pavilion of the Tang Gong Tea Garden Scenic Area in Changxing, Huzhou.
3. Visit the East Lake Folk ParkThere are 36 West Lakes in the world, including the East and West Lakes of Jingling. Jingling West Lake is like a pearl in the fairy world; East Lake is a piece of jasper in the world. The history of the East Lake "is vast for three miles, the palace is faint, the water and bamboo are lingering, and it is a resort in the city. ”
The Qianming Temple (Dongchan Temple) of the Han Dynasty, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties for thousands of years floats on the island in the heart of the lake. Ming Jingling sect master Zhong Yuwen praised and said, "Ascending the pavilion, such as sitting in the boat, leaning on the pine window and looking down, can be picked, can be wet, can be sprinkled ......."Now the Qianming Temple, which was rebuilt more than 60 years after the destruction, was renamed Ciguang Temple, the temple is majestic and magnificent, and it is hidden among the red walls and green trees; It stands across the lake from the West Pagoda Temple.
The newly built Ciguang Temple in East Lake.
The East Lake Park has been expanded and renovated, and the capacity has tripled, and the area has expanded from 360 acres to 975 acres. The finishing touches are the ecological leisure trail along the lake, the pillow water plank road, the island garden in the middle of the lake, the water platform, the fountain square, and the folk sculptures, which are well-known in the country.
On the occasion of spring and Jingming, East Lake is full of tourists.
Cinnamon and camphor sandwich the road, and the golden silk weeping willow blows the shore; The green pines are green, and the sycamore is thick. Along the wooden plank road of the lake, the soles of the feet are windy; It's like eco-tourism. The Shuibo Zhongyu Pavilion and the Yuanchun Pavilion are full of leisure tourists.
Thinking back to the late Ming Dynasty, Zhong and Tan, two poets from Jingling, raised the banner of innovation and rose up in the literary world to oppose the imitation of antiquity one by one and advocate it"Lyrical spirituality" and "deep and lonely" style. The "Return of Tang Poems" and "Return of Ancient Poems" selected by them are regarded as poetic guidelines and are popular all over the world; Anyone who reads a scholar must have two books at home. The literature of the Jingling School, forever contained in the "History of Chinese Literature" and "Articles of the World", has become the cornerstone of the hometown of Tianmen culture.
Bird's-eye view of the East Lake Yinxiu Pavilion and Yuanchun Pavilion.
The ancient "Dream Wild Academy" by the East Lake is the East Lake Farewell Industry of Ming Hongzhi Guozi Priest Wine Lu Duo. He lived in seclusion here, read books and recited poetry to run a school, and left many famous sentences:
The peaks outside the window are far better, and my house can be called a mountain home. Fly good birds and move new flowers. Whenever the wooden customer asks for stone honey, the dealer frequently comes to deliver the stream tea. You might as well have the fun of fishermen, and a fishing chariot in the East Lake of Qiushui. He also said: The peaks are always around the window, and they always regard me as their own house. The birds fly and often joke, and new flowers bloom in the neighborhood. Merchants sell sweet tea, and tenants collect tender green tea. The autumn water of the East Lake rises, and the fisherman is annoyed and chases away the crows. Another example:
Wear the pine into the bamboo path and detour, but sneak around the Potuo but come to the stage. The tea is ripe and the mountain boy has nowhere to look, and the flowers in the East Garden are returned. The poet is far away from **, retreats to the forest and springs, and enjoys the tearoom of the lakeside jungle study.
During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, there was a famous Shaoxing historian Zhang Xuecheng next to the Qianming Temple in East Lake. Zhang was hired to revise Qianlong's "Tianmen County Chronicles". Liang Qichao admired Zhang Xuecheng very much, believing that he was "the only master of history in the Qing Dynasty". The evaluation is breathtaking. There are three surviving Tianmen County Chronicles, and Qianlong's "Tianmen County Chronicles" edited by Zhang Xuecheng is recognized as the first academic literary collection in the literary and historical circles.
Qing Jiaqing, Daoguang between Xiangyang Nanzhang County School instructor Yuekou poet Zhang Qiying "Yongbenyi" poem excerpt:
The lake under the city is clear, and ten acres of glass surround the county seat; The east of the city and the west of the city are planted with water chestnut root, and people come and go to the mirror. The willows at the tea curtain are like smoke, and the bottom of the curtain is uneven and the painting boat is moored. It is the place where tea grows, and people love to drink clear springs. When the ears are full of cicadas and the rice is ripe, the western suburbs are wandering in search of poetry. Zhenzhen slope try to look back, countless distant mountains are like eyebrows. The Canglang Pavilion is in the water, and the Yueshi poles are clustered at sunset. The relics of the single sand head hanging, which were stationed in the Yuejia army. The town drums are noisy, and the summer and autumn are the most thrilling. You see that the white waves are higher than the house, and every inch of the embankment is an inch of gold. It is not as good as sweet gum honey than households, and Beishan new rice is on the street at the beginning. Home-style fixtures can keep guests, jade-colored mushrooms and silver-like fish. Liqiao mountain potato is fragrant, and the Yidu River cockle is the most delicious. The fresh crucian carp is alive and fresh, and the flow is more ...... the east and west lakesThe idyllic poetry of clear and beautiful nature, depicting the special products of the historic sites of Jingling, once sketched and dyed, vividly.
In the thirties and forties, the Jingling faction succeeded the modern poetry world, and the poets of Tianmen included Zou Difan and Ji Zhu. Zou's poetry collections "In the Gate of Heaven", "Wood Factory", "People Without Wings", "Empty and Forest", "Towards the North" and so on. Famous sentences such as:
Climb through the mossy old city and the black roof of the vasson, and trek through the scorching and dusty roads through the distant mountains dripping green and light ink.
The burning heart jumps with the candlelight.
The struggle for freedom and light is a journey of thousands of miles, and the faint light of the candle fire cuts through the darkness, and it can be like a fire that ignites the prairie like a star! The plains after the snow will be exposed, the sky is blue, the water is green, birds fly, and fish swim ......The magnificent poems of passionate shouts encourage the new young students to devote themselves to the revolutionary journey.
Ji Zhu's "Wandering to the Homeland", "Jumping Night", "Wilderness", "Last Night's Long Street", famous sentences such as:
The rooftops overgrown with vassons were gone, the vine-clinging courtyard walls had collapsed, the jungle that surrounded the village had been cut down, the creek that flowed in front of the village had dried up ......A pile of ruined bricks is my former home! In the face of the war-torn hometown, fathers and neighbors, he let out a deep sorrow; Like the clarion call of the times, it shocked and stirred up the soldiers and civilians who fought against Japan and saved the country!
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zou served as the editor-in-chief of "Literature and Art Newspaper", "World Literature" and "Poetry Magazine". Ji is the vice chairman of the Zhejiang Branch of the Writers Association and the editor of "Zhejiang Literature and Art".
Roaming in East Lake Park, 16 groups of bronze statues of folk culture are full of fun, one by one, there are knocking on plates, playing lotus flowers, playing three drums, beating fishing drums to show affection, rowing lotus boats, dancing clam shell essence, singing small songs, performing flower drum plays, ......In front of the bronze sculpture of the three drum artists, in the face of the surprise of children and the praise of tourists, my mood is always ...... sour
The Tianmen folk three-stick drum can be traced back to the "three-stick drum" in the Tang Dynasty. From one drum, one gong and three hands to sing and throw at the same time, it has developed into throwing four forks, four torches, twelve knives and other tricks. Artists make a living with this art and go to the end of the world.
On the occasion of the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tianmen was bitter. The following nine mouths of Zhongxiang in Hanbei (Shangshi, Tangxin, Huanghuan, Sigang, Zhangbi, Guanji, Heiliudu, Niuho, and Xiashi) often collapsed, and Tianmen was low-lying and bore the brunt. As the saying goes, "the mouth of the lion is poured, and the water goes from the house." The flood was terrible, the fields were drifting, and the living beings were displaced from ......The fathers and villagers who escaped from a piece of Ze had to "carry three sticks and drums on their backs and wander to all directions". Many people crossed the vast northwest of Northwest Lia, followed Russia into Europe, wandered the world, and made a living by performing arts, and were called "Chinese Gypsies". The livelihood skills practiced under the pressure of hunger and cold, and the bleak and touching songs, have formed a unique folk art of Tianmen for a long time.
In East Lake Park, three drums are played and the bronze statue of wandering in the world (photo by Gui Quansheng).
On the west side of the East Lake, Qiong Island in the center of the lake, the botanical garden is the best wood and onion cage, which is the most popular among tourists, and it is tireless to visit in all seasons.
The spring water dyes the peach blossoms red, the spring rain washes away the red apricots, the magnolia blooms in spring, the cherry blossoms are pink, the peaches are purple, the crape myrtles are bright like clouds, the peony is bright and thick, the flowers are charming and delicate, and the flowers are purple and red.
In the summer moon season, the buds are about to be released, the pomegranate smiles and breathes fire, the water lilies lie on the waves, and the lotus fragrance surrounds the seat.
At the end of autumn, the chrysanthemum is paved on the ground, the begonia is drunk, the camellia is dripping, the maple leaves are red, and the ginkgo biloba is golden.
The winter snow and plum are cold and bright, the reeds are vast, and the Chinese acacia, needle pine, acacia, bauhinia, zelkova, pine, and yellow fir in the bamboo and stone bushes are still vibrant, looking forward to the coming of spring.
Carrying a cup of fragrant tea, leaning on the verandah with the shadow of the tree, enjoying the flowers, people, and scenery, the eyes are incompatible; Listening to the traditional opera and folk songs floating on the lake, the desolate and graceful charm makes people forget to return.
PostscriptThere are ups and downs in the economy, but culture lasts forever. The rich historical and cultural heritage is the soul of urban development. Inheriting the characteristic cultural style and leaving the memory of the city is the foundation for a culturally strong city and the development of the three tourism industries.
Looking at the downtown area, some Europeanized signboards are Rome**, French beauty, Vienna song halls, European and American bars, Korean fashion ......It's always glaring. Why not learn from the Shijiahe unearthed stunning beauty"Tuan Feng"Jade carving?
Tang Street and Lu Yu Lane also feel that there are some traditional characteristics and cultural tastes, and it is difficult to find a log tile house and a flower window shop courtyard; It is rare to see a calligraphy plaque, a hanging and eye-catching signboard, and a wine flag tea curtain; It's hard to taste the tempting famous food of the childhood stalls; Not to mention the old neighborhoods and alleys that are like the old, and the remnants of the Tang and Song dynasties are like the Yanyue ...... of Wutian in the south of the Yangtze River
To build Tang Street and Luyu Lane to build a tea culture city, why not choose the hometown of the tea saint, Fuzhou**, Jingling Restaurant, Ancient City Steamed Vegetables, Xijiang Cuisine, Hongjian Teahouse, Hongxuan Hotel, West Lake Tea Garden, Donghu Hotel, Pillow Water Bridge Pavilion, Nanhu Supermarket, Yanqiao Teahouse, Xijiang Water, Longgai Mountain, Mulberry Lu, Jianlongshan, Wenwen Spring, Sanyanjing, Sipailou, Zhuangyuanfang, Yihe Bridge, Jingyangmen, Yanbin Pavilion, Mengyetai, Nanhu Yue......It has a strong traditional charm of Tang and Song poems and the cultural characteristics of Fuzhou Jingling.
Several times to participate in Lu Yu tea culture seminars, once frankly suggested that one by one in the West Lake hometown, Tang Street, add a few tea god contemporaneous celebrity statues (or a Tang Dynasty Taishou, an old monk, a female Taoist bronze statue): on behalf of the support of Lu Yu's mentor Zhiji Zen Master, appreciate and care for his growth Jingling Taishou Li Qiwu, loyal minister Yan Zhenqing, deep friendship of the female crown poet Li Jilan, poet Jiaoran (once Henglin Taoxitan Burning Lamp Temple host). In order to inherit the cultural charm of the Tang Dynasty in Datianmen, dream back to the thousand-year-old history, and develop tea culture tourism.
To build a tea culture city, you can build an open-air tea house, a civilian tea room, and a public tea house in the East Lake pavilion and corridor where visitors rub their shoulders and sing along the lake, so as to form a good fashion for the whole people to drink tea; Let the millennium "national drink" spread Jianghan Jingchu.
Carry out the renovation and renovation of River Street (Xijiang, Yishui, and Bridge) as soon as possible. Recreate the traditional buildings of the pillow water people, the horse-head gables and sloping roof buildings that are scattered one by one (collect the old folk beams, eaves and black cloth tiles); traditional carved wooden windows (carved by living craftsmen of the people); waterfront steps corridor alley; Yachts shuttle up and down; Handicrafts, local cuisine, famous tea ......Reproduce the history of "the beauty of Jingling's terroir, no one out of our country" and "Jingling's smoke and moon like Wutian", promote Tianmen cultural leisure and livability, and become a tourist destination at home and abroad.
Acknowledgments: I would like to express my gratitude to Mr. Hu Heping, Zhou Zhitong and Fan Qijia for their enthusiasm in providing and participating in the analysis of relevant historical materials over the years!
First draft in 2020 and revised in 2023.