With the arrival of cold air, most parts of the country are showing a cliff-like cooling. In the cold season, how to properly protect against the cold? How can I prevent accidental injuries?
1. Prevent hypothermia
Cold weather, hypothermia is one of the most common dangers of outdoor activities in winter. Generally speaking, hypothermia refers to the loss of heat in the human body is greater than the heat supply, which causes the temperature of the core area of the human body to decrease, and produces symptoms such as chills and cardiopulmonary failure, and even leads to death.
In the cold winter season, if you are outdoors for a long time, you should prevent hypothermia.
First, choose intimate clothing with quick-drying fabrics and avoid wearing cotton underwear. Because cotton products are easy to absorb sweat and not easy to export sweat, it is easy to cause hypothermia.
Second, when hiking in alpine areas, you should carry warm clothing with you and do not expose yourself to the cold wind. Warm hats, gloves, scarves, windbreakers, thick socks, and windproof masks are all standard when traveling in windy and cold weather.
Third, pay attention to calorie supplementation, such as drinking glucose water or hot water.
Second, anti-frostbite
Frostbite is an injury caused by cold temperatures, and the lower the temperature, the wetter the locality, and the stronger the wind, the more severe the damage.
The main cause of frostbite is neglect of warmth. Frostbite patients are characterized by symptoms such as pain, numbness, swelling, and even blackening and necrosis in the early stage.
In the cold winter, do not expose to the cold for a long time. If you must go out, you should wear thick cotton shoes and thick cotton clothing.
When outdoors, pay attention to frequent hand rubbing, face rubbing, ear massage and other weak areas to promote blood circulation.
Keep your clothes dry and don't wear wet shoes and socks, as moisture will reduce your ability to keep warm and make you more prone to frostbite.
Eating more high-calorie foods such as nuts, meat, and legumes can help improve the body's ability to resist cold.
It should be noted that it is not advisable to scrub the frostbitten area with snow. This practice can worsen tissue damage. In the event of frostbite, it is important to get out of the cold as soon as possible. People with severe frostbite should seek medical attention as soon as possible.
Three preventions: prevent gas poisoning
Gas poisoning is usually caused by the accumulation of carbon monoxide and is commonly caused by the use of coal stoves for heating and cooking in closed homes, or by poor ventilation when using piped gas. When the weather is cold, we must pay attention to the safety of electricity, gas, and fire, and also pay attention to frequent ventilation.
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, and non-irritating asphyxiating gas. Carbon monoxide can be produced by incomplete combustion of domestic coal stoves or gas stoves. Common causes of gas poisoning include: chimney blockage, chimney backdraft, chimney joints are not tight, gas pipeline leakage, gas valves are not closed, charcoal basin heating, etc.
When using coal stoves for heating in winter, it is necessary to choose stoves and chimneys of acceptable quality, and pay attention to check whether there is gas leakage. Keep the flue clear to prevent smoke and dust from backing up. When sleeping at night, do not block the damper of the fire, and set up ventilation openings in the house to keep indoor air circulation as much as possible. Coal stoves that have just been lit are most likely to produce carbon monoxide, so they should open the windows for ventilation in time and wait for the fire to flourish before sealing the fire. In addition, when there is no chimney, do not use coal, charcoal, firewood, coke and other combustible materials for heating indoors.
Text: Harbin Second Hospital, Lei Nanwei, Wang Songjun, Zhang Rui.
Finishing: Correspondent Li Pan Health News Special Reporter Yi Xiaofeng.
Editor: Liu Yang Guan Zhongyao.
Proofreading: Yang Zhenyu.
Review: Xu Bingnan, Wang Lemin.
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