As a treasure of Chinese Confucian classics, the Book of Changes ranks first of the Six Classics, and was originally known as Yi or Zhou Yi. In the Han Dynasty, people were more accustomed to calling it the Book of Changes. Its content is broad and profound, not only covering the wisdom of "Zhou Yi", but also further expanding its scope. Just like the relationship between a tree and its branches, it can be said that the "Zhou Yi" is a part of the "Book of Changes", and there is a close subordinate relationship between the two.
To say that the symbol system in "Zhou Yi" is very knowledgeable! It has a unique symbolic system, with the yang line" "one long horizontal" and yin yao "- two short horizontal) three or six groups of three or six to form a hexagram, is a vivid embodiment of the way of yin and yang. Using these hexagrams, people can not only interpret everything, but also make a ** for the future, and further gain insight into good fortune and evil.
In "Zhou Yi", there is an easy-to-understand summary of each hexagram. For example, the ignorance and fearlessness in the first stage, and the praise in the second stage; The third and fourth lines are precipitous, and must be carefully and respectfully advancing; The fifth line means that the achievements are extraordinary, and it is easy to understand the successes and failures of life at the peak; The last verse heralds the twilight of life, looking back on the past, it is clear and clear.
For Zhang Qijin's interpretation, it is actually what we all know in the six lines of "Zhou Yi": the first is difficult to know, the second is more famous, the third is more fierce, the fourth is more fearful, the fifth is more meritorious, and it is easy to know. This means that it is difficult to judge the direction of the first hexagram from the first hexagram at the beginning of the first hexagram, and the second hexagram will have a lot of praise, such as the 92nd hexagram: Bao Mengji. Nawji. Zike's family. Hexagram 62: Between the stone, not all day. Jungyoshi. Wait a minute. The third and fourth hexagram occupy the position of a hexagram, without the solidity of the earth and the respect of the sky, and there is no way to retreat from the awkward position of not going up or down, and if you want to advance, you must overcome the hardships and move forward in awe. The fifth is the throne, and he has achieved fame. Shangyao is like a person who has reached the twilight of his life, and it is easy to know his life or failure.
As early as ancient times, people asked the gods about the future direction through two ways: turtle divination and divination. It is necessary to use yarrow, and after complicated calculations according to specific rules, the hexagram is finally obtained, and then combined with the hexagram and the hexagram, the due judgment is made on the matter asked.
According to legend, the ancient Book of Changes alone contains 64 hexagram symbols, with annotations, written by King Wen. As for the author of "Yi Chuan", according to legend, it is Confucius.
There are also myths and legends, which tell many wonderful stories such as Fu Xi's creation of gossip, King Wen of Zhou's writing of "Zhou Yi", and Confucius's revision of the Book of Changes. Due to the long period of time, the three religions have different understandings of this, and there are still various theories about the origin and development of the I Ching.
However, from the perspective of the relatively well-preserved Taoist and Shushu factions, they basically have the meaning of the Heavenly Book of God.
As for "Returning to Tibet", "Lianshan", "Returning to the Elephant", etc., they have now been lost, and it is difficult to trace more details.
Generally speaking, the Book of Changes is actually a fusion of the ancient Lianshan, Guizang and Zhou Yi.
Zhou Yi is a precious treasure that has been handed down to this day, and it is one of the earliest philosophical books in China and even in the world. "Zhou Yi"."weeks"Refers to the Zhou Dynasty"Easy"Refers to change. In other words, what Zhou Yi expresses is the various changes that may occur in the bilateral relations that exist between all things in the universe, as well as the unique wisdom contained in the corresponding hexagrams and epigrams of each hexagram.
It is said that "Zhou Yi" is the result of the interpretation of King Wen of Zhou when he was imprisoned in Jinli, and the book is divided into 30 hexagrams of "Shangjing" and 34 hexagrams of "Xiajing". The background of King Wen of Zhou's performance of "Zhou Yi" here is the struggle between King Wen of Zhou and King Shang. Because Zhou has the meaning of thoroughness, circumference, and circulation, it is rumored to be done by Zhou people. There is a poem in "The Boy Asks Yi": "The turtle is long and the short track is in profit and loss, and the number of elephants is trapped in the mystery?" The sun and the moon go in line with the cold and the summer, and the earth and the sky turn upside down. ”
In the Spring and Autumn Period, some people have begun to use the term "Zhou Yi", and the word "Zhou Yi" often appears in the history book "Spring and Autumn Zuo Biography", but the "Zhou Yi" used by people at that time did not include the later hexagrams.
During the Warring States Period, a work with the main purpose of interpreting "Zhou Yi" came into being. Therefore, the "Zhou Yi" and the "Yi Chuan" are collectively referred to as the "Book of Changes". As stated in the "Zhuangzi", "Yi Yi Dao Yin and Yang", and in the "Xunzi" it is said that "those who are good for the easy do not take possession", and the "Yi" mentioned here includes the "Yi Chuan".
Since the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to strengthen the foundation of the empire, adopted Dong Zhongshu's advice - "Confucianism alone". As a result, the well-known classics of Confucius and Confucianism, such as "Zhou Yi" and "Yi Chuan", have been crowned"Warp"word title.
There have been different theories about the age of the formation of the Zhou Yi, and most scholars currently believe that it was born during the Warring States period or the Qin and Han dynasties. This work is the culmination of the collective wisdom of many scholars of the time, who used their own perspectives to explain the perspective of the Zhou Dynasty in observing the world.
Today's "Zhou Yi" is mainly composed of two parts. The first part is the Book of Changes, which contains 64 hexagrams and 384 corresponding proverbs; The other part is regarded as an interpretation of the I Ching"Guidelines"The Yi Chuan, also known as the Ten Wings, includes the first and second chapters of the Yi, the upper and lower parts of the Xiang, the upper and lower parts of the Dictionaries, the Wenyan, the Preface Hexagram, the Saying Hexagram and the Miscellaneous Hexagram.
In essence, the I Ching is a book about "divination". "Divination" is the development of future events, and the Book of Changes is a book that summarizes these laws and theories.
In fact, the "Bagua" technique is a branch of ancient witchcraft, which is derived from a set of symbols used in the "Zhou Yi" and the sixty-four names in the "Zhou Yi" (called divination in the early days, later called fortune telling), and "Bagua" is not the original content of the book "Zhou Yi". People mistakenly believe that gossip divination is equivalent to "Zhou Yi", which is caused by not understanding the historical origin of "Zhou Yi", so that "Zhou Yi" is saddled with the black cauldron of witchcraft of gossip divination.
In fact, misunderstandings usually stem from people's confusion between gossip divination and Zhou Yi. "Zhou Yi" uses the method of gossiping about the past and the present to make a good and bad sense of nature and people, so that we can foresee the future. In this way, we will be prepared to deal with the changes in our lives.
In general, "Zhou Yi" not only allows us to better understand the real society, but also provides us with an effective way to transform the world and promote social progress. "Yixue Cultural Inheritor Hou Xuejun".