Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu had a total of eleven sons, in addition to Emperor Liu Zhuang of the Han Ming Dynasty, among the other ten, one died early and nine were crowned kings. Among these nine princes, four rebelled, or were considered to be rebellions, this proportion is really not low!
The four rebellions are a bit long, and we will talk about them in two parts.The first one, Liu Jing, the king of GuanglingLiu Jing, the king of Guangling, is the half-brother of Emperor Liu Zhuang of the Ming Dynasty and the son of Empress Yin Lihua.
Liu Jing, as the younger brother of Liu Zhuang's mother, performed a little eye-catching
A.D. 57At this time, Liu Jing, who was still the king of Shanyang (the capital Changyi, Changyi Town, northwest of Jinxiang County, Shandong Province), also cried with everyone, but the crying was very plain, and the crying was not so distracting. After that, Liu Jing wrote a letter to Liu Yi, the king of the East China Sea (the capital of Lu County, Qufu City, Shandong Province), pretending to be the minister of affairs of the Great Honglu (Minister of Domain Affairs).
Liu Xiu set up two queens before and after, the former queen was called Guo Shengtong, Guo's eldest son Liu Yi was made the crown prince, and Liu Jing wrote to him. Guo Guo is the younger brother of Empress Guo and Liu Yi's maternal uncle. In 41 AD, Liu Xiu abolished Empress Guo and established Yin Lihua as the queen. In 43 AD, the crown prince Liu Yi was degraded as the king of the East China Sea, and Liu Zhuang, the eldest son of Empress Liyin, was the crown prince. When Liu Jing wrote the letter, it was the gap period when Liu Xiu had just died and Liu Zhuang had not yet ascended the throne.The letter said:
The king (referring to Liu Yi) was not at fault, but he was ostracized and abandoned, and the brothers reached the point of being imprisoned. (Guo) the Empress Dowager was deposed, moved to live in the North Palace, a handful of age, and was driven to live in remote areas, the world is sad, the people who witnessed it are all sour. When the coffin of the queen mother's body was placed in the mourning hall, the officials of Luoyang killed the guests door to door, and even three people in some families lay on the corpse hall, which is a tragedy in the world!
In 41 AD, after Guo Shengtong was deposed, Liu Xiu named Guo Shengtong's other son Liu Fu as the king of Zhongshan (the capital of Lunu, Dingzhou City, Hebei Province), and named Guo Shengtong as the empress dowager of Zhongshan. In 44 A.D., Liu Xiu changed Liu Fu to the title of King Pei (the capital of Xiang County, Huaibei City, Anhui Province), and Guo Hou became the Empress Dowager Pei, and appointed Guo Guo as the Great Honglu. In 52 AD, Liu Li, the son of the Emperor Liu Xuan of the Xuanhan Dynasty and the Marquis of Shouguang, was favored by Liu Fu, and he resented the emperor Liu Penzi of the Red Mei Group for killing his father Liu Xuan, so he led the guests and killed Liu Gong, Liu Penzi's elder brother. Liu Xiu was furious, arrested Liu Fu, the king of Pei, and locked him up for three days before he was released. After that, he issued an edict to all counties and counties to search for all the princes' guests and execute them. The guests confessed to each other, and the number of people killed was in the thousands (see the humble article "Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu Cleaned Up the Doormen of the Emperor's Relatives and Killed Thousands of People at a Time"). The murder of three members of a family in Liu Jing's letter should be a close-up shot in this large-scale killing of doormen.Now that the emperor is in mourning, the security level is very high. Forward, Liang Song (Liu Xiu's son-in-law, deeply trusted by Liu Xiu) said to Hu Ben Shi (Hu Ben generally refers to a person who stays in the palace ban and serves as a guard, and Hu Ben Shi is the assistant of Hu Ben Zhonglang General).The officials are cheap to see wrong, don't be detained, and it is difficult to get the marquis again(This sentence is really difficult to translate, and the original text is placed here for your reference.) In context, I think Liang Song probably meant that when you are performing a task, if you see misdeeds, you should stop and stop them, and you should arrest them, don't stick to the daily system, miss this opportunity, and it will be difficult to want to be a marquis in the future. I guess this Hu Ben Shi may be the person in charge of Liu Yi's accommodation security during his stay in Beijing, and Liang Song hinted that if he caught Liu Yi's handle, he might be able to make a meritorious service). The officials were all sad in private, sighing for the king's coldness. Now the world is scrambling to figure out the person who framed the king in order to make meritorious contributions, it is Wuyang Wuyang! For today's plan, after the king returns to the feudal country, you only need to combine the power of the two countries, you can gather millions of people, the king beats the drum to attack, and the achievement is like crushing eggs with Mount Tai, and carrying feathers with a four-horse-drawn cartThis is the work of Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou。In particular, this year's celestial phenomena show that it is the best time to send troops to accomplish great things. When Gaozu raised his army, he was just a pavilion chief; His Majesty (referring to Liu Xiu) raised a great cause in the countryside of Baishui (Chungling County was formerly known as Baishui Township, now south of Zaoyang City, Hubei Province). And you, the king, are the eldest son of His Majesty and the original prince! If so, in a big way, it is a feat to gain the world; From a small point of view, this is also a shame for the king (referring to the matter of the deposed prince), and a break for the queen mother's depression. Sincerely, the gold and stone are open. Thou shalt be the frost of autumn, and slay all things; Do not be a lamb in a pen to be slaughtered. Then again,Can you do it now, even if you want to be a lamb in the pen?！I privately asked the people I met to understand the situation, and they all said that the king has a noble face, and that is the appearance of the Son of Heaven! The emperor died, and even the little people jumped out to be robbers, wanting to do something to make some gains, not to mention you, the king! Those appointed kings (referring to the founding kings such as Liu Bang and Liu Xiu) were established by heaven and could not be plotted; But now the king who ascends the throne is set up by people, and whoever is strong is qualified. I hope that the king has the same ambitions as Gaozu and the emperor, and don't shout to the heavens and the earth like Fusu and Jianglu!
Liu Yi is not a material for rebellion
Fusu and Jianglu were both sons of Qin Shi Huang, and they were both given to death by the second Hu Hai. Before his death, Jiang Lu looked up to the sky three times and shouted: God, I am not guilty!
History called Liu Jing "happy grammar", and sure enough! This letter is indeed of a high level, a literary style, an example, a reason, a passion, a destiny, an unbridled ocean, overwhelming, and extremely incendiary. In particular, there is a large paragraph in the letter that "celestial phenomena" are used to argue that it is possible to raise an army and rebel, which has a strong force. I'm ashamed that I can't understand the celestial part of the sky, and I can't read it in detail, so I have to pass it through, I attach the original text here, and interested readers can refer to it (original text: This year, Xuanyuan Star has white gas, the star family and happy events, all clouds and white gas are mourned, and the position of Xuanyuan heroine. He went out of the West before Taibai, and became a soldier at noon. And the prince was black, and the solstice turned red. The husband is sick and the red is a soldier, and the king works hard). If you change people, you may jump up and rebel, but it was Liu Yi who ran into it, and he was blind to the talent of this letter, hehe.When Liu Yi received this letter, he was almost frightened to death, and immediately arrested the slave who delivered the letter, sealed the original letter, and presented it to Emperor Liu Zhuang of the Ming Dynasty. Because Liu Jing was the same brother, Liu Zhuang kept the matter a secret and ordered Liu Jing to leave the capital and move to Henan Palace (in present-day Luoyang City, Henan Province).
Liu Jing was depressed all day long, and he didn't know how to solve itA.D. 58, the Xiqiang rebellion occurred, Liu Jing suddenly came to the spirit, hoping that the Xiqiang rebellion could cause changes, so he found a fortune teller to discuss. After Liu Zhuang heard about it (as we said earlier, Liu Zhuang has eyes and ears in his hands, and of course he must closely monitor his younger brother Liu Jing, who likes to make trouble), renamed Liu Jing the king of Guangling (the capital Guangling, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province), and sent him back to the fiefdom.
A.D. 66, Liu Jing summoned the person who came to see the prime minister, and said, among our brothers, my face is the most similar to the first emperor, the first emperor was called the emperor when he was thirty years old, and I am now thirty years old, do you think I can raise an army? Hearing him say this, his heartbeat almost stopped, and after fooling Liu Jing, as soon as he left the palace, a smoke rushed to the relevant departments to report the matter. When Liu Jing heard that he was accused, he was also very frightened, and when the emperor spoke, he made a blanket and moved to prison. Liu Zhuang was particularly gracious and did not pursue the matter, but deprived Liu Jing of his political power and only allowed him to continue to collect the taxes of the feudal state, and he still had to live. At the same time, it was ordered that the prime minister and lieutenant of the state of Feng should strictly supervise Liu Jing.
No era, no place, we can't be missing! 】
However, this Liu Jing may be a demonic obstacle, and after returning home from prison, he asked the sorcerer to carry out sacrificial activities and initiated a curse (Sensei, no matter what he reads, it will eventually be condemned as a curse; No matter who he curses, he will be condemned to Liu Zhuang in the end, hehe). Liu Zhuang issued an edict to let Changshui Captain Fan Min (Liu Xiu's uncle Fan Hong's son. Minnread Rutiao) and Yulin Supervisor Ren Kui (the son of Ren Guang, one of the twenty-eight generals of Yuntai) investigated and verified. After the investigation, Fan Min and others wrote a letter recommending that Liu Jing be executed.
Liu Zhuang was very angry and said, you just want to kill King Guangling because he is my younger brother, if it is my son, see how dare you!
Fan Minn raised his head and said that the world is Emperor Gao's world, not His Majesty's world. According to the righteousness of the "Spring and Autumn Period", the king's closest relatives must not have acts of rebellion, and if they do, they will be killed. Therefore, Zhou Gong killed his younger brother, Ji You poisoned his brother, and the scriptures gave them high praise. We are because King Guangling is the half-brother of His Majesty (Yin Lihua died in 64), and His Majesty has compassion for him, so we asked His Majesty for instructions. If it was His Majesty's son, we wouldn't report it at all, and we would just kill him.
After listening to this, Liu Zhuang sighed quite a lot and praised Fan Minni.
Explain the matter of Zhou Gong and Ji You. Zhou Gong's younger brothers, Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai, spread rumors that the regency of Zhou Gong was not conducive to King Zhou Cheng, so Zhou Gong punished them, killed Uncle Guan, and exiled Uncle Cai. "Zuo Biography" said that Zhou Gong killed Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai, didn't he love them? It's all for the royal cause. Lu Zhuang Gong was sick, Ji You wanted to succeed to the throne like a son, and his elder brother Shuya wanted to establish a father, so Ji You poisoned Shuya to death. "The Legend of the Ram" said that Ji Zi killed his brother of the same mother, He Shaner? Killing can't avoid brothers, it's the righteousness of the monarch and the minister.Both of these events are quite interesting, and interested readers can learn about them.
A.D. 67, Liu Jing committed suicide, and the closure was removed. Liu Zhuang gave him the title of King of Si.
second place, Liu Kang, King of Jinan
Liu Kang, the king of Jinan (the capital of Dongpingling, Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province), was the son of Empress GuoA.D. 54, the imperial court also assigned the six counties of Zhu'a, Ande, Chaoyang, Pingchang, Xiyin, and Chongqiu in Pingyuan County (Pingyuan County, Shandong Province) to the Kingdom of Jinan. Liu Kang did not obey the law in the fiefdom and socialized with guests. should beA.D. 57Later, someone wrote a letter accusing Liu Kang of recruiting the treacherous Yuyang (Miyun County, Beijing).Yan Zhong, Liu Zichan, etc., gave them a lot of silk silks, and plotted against them according to books (referring to mysterious prophecies such as Hetu and Luoshu). Liu Zhuang sent someone to verify, and the relevant departments found it to be true after investigation. Liu Zhuang felt that they were all brothers and couldn't bear to find out the bottom of it, but he cut five counties including Zhu'a as punishment.
Remember this Yan Zhong, this guy seemed to be very energetic back then, and we'll talk about him later.fourth place, Liu Yan, King of Huaiyang
According to the chronological order of the rebellion, Liu Yan, the king of Huaiyang, is the fourth, and we say him in advance because the third king of Chu, Liu Ying, is the highlight, which will be discussed in detail later.Liu Yan, the king of Huaiyang (the capital of Chen County, Huaiyang County, Henan Province), was also the son of Empress Guo Shengtong, who was arrogant and extravagant by nature, and treated his subordinates "as cruel and ruthless as a harsh winter". A.D. 73, someone complained to the court that Liu Yantong, the elder brother of his little wife, Xie Yi (read as an eye), and his sister Princess Guantao's husband, Han Guang, the captain of the concubine, found a group of treacherous people and fabricated a picture (read like a lining) to carry out sacrificial curses.
Liu Zhuang sent someone to investigate the truth.
On May 25, Xie Yi, Han Guang, and Situ Xingmu were all executed, and many were implicated and executed or exiled.
Regarding the ** recital, Liu Yan should be executed. However, Liu Zhuang believed that Liu Yan's crime was lighter than that of Liu Ying, the king of Chu (more on this later, the king of Chu rebelled and was not sentenced to death), and in July, he changed Liu Yan's title to the king of Fuling (the capital of Fuling, southeast of Quanjiao County, Anhui Province), and used two counties as his food estate.
Huaiyang Wang Liu Yan's entertainment project: rebellion].
Liu Yan has migrated to the seal, but he is resentful in his heart. A.D. 76, and someone sued Liu Yan and his son Liu Yi for planning to rebel. The authorities requested that Liu Yan be taken to Tingwei (Ministry of Justice) for imprisonment. At this time, Emperor Liu Zhuang of the Ming Dynasty had died, and the crown prince Liu Wei succeeded to the throne as Emperor Zhang. Liu Wei issued an edict to demote him to the Marquis of Fuling and a county of Shiyi. At the same time, Liu Yi and others were pardoned, not investigated, and one of the confessors was sent to guard Liu Yan's country, and he was not allowed to associate with **.
A.D. 87, Liu Wei restored the prince of Liu Yan, and then named the king of Fuling, five counties of Shiyi. A.D. 89, Liu Yan died, and he was the king of hostages. The law stipulates that the name is not happy as "quality".