The sequential account book, also known as the journal, is an account book that is registered day by day according to the chronological order of economic transactions. Its function is to record and reflect the economic transactions in the order of their occurrence, so as to inspect and supervise the economic activities of the enterprise and serve as the basis for the preparation of financial statements. According to the content of the sequential account book, it can be divided into two types: ordinary journal and special journal.
An ordinary journal is a journal that is used to record all economic transactions in a timely manner. The ordinary journal, also known as the entry book, records the content of each economic transaction one by one by the chronological order in which the economic transactions occur, and summarizes them all. The format of a general journal is to record economic transactions in the order in which they occurred for later inspection and reconciliation. The advantage of ordinary journal is that it is comprehensive and classified, but the disadvantage is that it is heavy workload and low efficiency.
A special journal is a journal that is used to record a specific type of economic transaction. The main contents of the special journal include the cash journal and the bank deposit journal. Cash journal refers to the journal used to account for cash income and expenditure, and it is one of the basic account books that must be set up by each unit. Bank deposit journal refers to the journal used to account for bank deposit income and expenditure, and it is another basic account book that must be set up by each unit.
Both the cash journal and the bank deposit journal are registered based on the cash and bank deposit transactions in the receipt and payment vouchers. Because cash and bank deposit transactions are more frequent, in order to simplify bookkeeping, the general unit only sets up these two types of journals. In addition, some units will also set up special journals such as sales revenue journals and inventory goods receipt and dispatch journals. The main purpose of these special journals is to simplify the registration of the general ledger and improve work efficiency, while at the same time providing a detailed picture of the ins and outs of economic transactions.
When registering the book of accounts, the following points need to be noted:
1.It must be registered in the account according to the approved receipt and payment voucher or transfer voucher;
2.The registration of the sequential books shall be in the form of three or more columns;
3.The account books should be registered day by day according to the accounting vouchers, and the cumulative number of the day should be calculated consecutively;
4.When registering, it should be written in blue-black ink or carbon ink, and should not be written with a ballpoint pen or pencil;
5.After the registration is completed, the accounting voucher shall be stamped with seals such as "cash receipt", "cash payment", "bank receipt", "bank payment", etc.
Through the above introduction and analysis of the sequential account book, we can see that the sequential account book plays a very important role in the financial management of the enterprise. Through the recording and reflection of the sequential account books, we can timely grasp the financial situation of the enterprise and the ins and outs of the economic business, and provide an important reference basis for the business decision-making of the enterprise. Therefore, enterprises should strengthen the management and maintenance of sequential account books to ensure their accuracy and completeness.