Kidney failure is a type of kidney dysfunction caused by a variety of causes, resulting in the kidneys being unable to properly filter and excrete waste products, regulate water and electrolyte balance, and secrete some important hormones.
Kidney failure is usually divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute renal failure is usually caused by acute renal ischemia, poisoning, or trauma caused by a sharp decline in kidney function, while chronic renal failure is a gradual development of long-term chronic kidney disease.
Kidney failure is a serious disease that can cause serious harm to the body and even be life-threatening if left untimely. Therefore, early detection and kidney failure are essential to improve rates and survival.
1.Long-term chronic kidney disease: Chronic kidney disease is one of the leading causes of kidney failure. Long-term kidney damage can lead to a gradual decline in kidney function, which can eventually lead to kidney failure.
2.Acute kidney injury: Acute kidney injury refers to a sharp decline in kidney function that occurs in a short period of time, which is often caused by severe infection, blood loss, dehydration, etc., and can easily induce kidney failure if not timely**.
3.Drug intoxication: The accumulation of excessive amounts of certain drugs or chemicals in the body can lead to kidney damage, which can eventually lead to kidney failure.
4.Diabetic nephropathy:Long-term diabetes can lead to kidney damage, which can lead to kidney failure.
5.Hypertensive nephropathy:Long-term high blood pressure can lead to damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys, causing a decline in kidney function and eventually kidney failure.
6.Urinary tract obstruction: Urinary tract obstruction is a condition in which urine cannot be excreted from the body normally, and prolonged obstruction can lead to kidney damage, which can lead to kidney failure.
7.Genetic factors: Certain genetic diseases such as polycystic kidney disease can also cause kidney damage, leading to kidney failure.
Many people misunderstand the symptoms of kidney disease, thinking that kidney disease will only cause problems such as low urine and edema, but ignore its impact on **.
In fact, the invasion of kidney disease to ** is not uncommon, and sometimes even manifests itself in some special ** abnormalities, these symptoms are often confused with general ** diseases, which increases the difficulty of diagnosis.
1. Crystallization
When kidney function is impaired, the body's metabolism is affected, and urea cannot be excreted in the urine, but can only accumulate in the body or excreted with sweat glands. After the sweat glands evaporate, urea will remain on the surface of ** to form a crystalline powder. These powdered substances not only affect the aesthetics of **, but also may trigger** itching and discomfort.
2. Itching
Uremia patients accumulate due to the inability to excrete toxins in the body, coupled with the stimulation of hyperphosphatemia, the subcutaneous nerve is constantly stimulated, causing itching. This itching sensation can be very intense, causing the patient to scratch vigorously and even scratch**, forming bloody scabs and scratches.
3. Pigmentation
During hemodialysis, the immune complex toxins in the blood can lead to poor blood circulation, coupled with inadequate dialysis, low toxin clearance, and the longer the dialysis time, the more toxins will precipitate. These toxins are deposited on the patient, causing hyperpigmentation that gives the patient's face and body a yellowish-brown or black color.
4. Facial erythema
This erythema can be caused by telangiectasia and high blood pressure. Patients may have symmetrical erythema on the cheeks, mostly pale red or bright red, shaped like a butterfly, hence the name butterfly erythema. Some patients may present with discoid erythema.
5. Acquired ichthyosis
Due to the deposition of urea and toxins on **, it interferes with the differentiation of the epidermis and affects the metabolic and secretory functions of **. This results in dryness, scaling, and chapping, clinically known as acquired ichthyosis.
The kidneys are very important detoxification organs in our body, and they are responsible for maintaining our physical health. However, some unhealthy lifestyle habits and behaviors can cause damage to the kidneys and affect the normal function of the kidneys.
1. Stay up late for a long time
Our body needs adequate sleep to recover and repair, and staying up late for a long time will lead to a decrease in the body's immunity and affect the normal functioning of the kidneys. Therefore, we should maintain a good routine and ensure sufficient sleep time, so that the body and kidneys can get enough rest.
2. Indiscriminate medication
Some drugs can cause damage to the kidneys, such as antibiotics, antipyretic analgesics, etc., and taking large amounts over a long period of time can cause a serious burden on the kidneys. Therefore, we should follow the doctor's advice when taking the medicine and do not take the medicine indiscriminately to avoid unnecessary damage to the kidneys.
3. Excessive tobacco and alcohol
Both smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can cause damage to the kidneys and affect the normal function of the kidneys. Therefore, we should quit smoking, limit alcohol, and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
4. Hold urine often
Holding urine can cause urine to stay in the bladder for too long, breeding bacteria and causing diseases such as urinary tract infections and nephritis. Therefore, we should urinate in time to keep the urinary tract open.
5. Overeating
Excessive intake of foods high in protein, fat and salt will increase the burden on the kidneys and affect the normal function of the kidneys. Therefore, we should maintain a healthy diet and moderate intake of various nutrients to maintain the health of our kidneys.