1958 was a special year, China was at the climax of the Great Leap Forward and the Anti-Rightist Movement, and the situation at home and abroad was also very complicated. Against this background, the army has also been affected to a certain extent, and some problems and deviations have arisen.
In order to solve these problems, the Military Commission held an enlarged meeting in April 1958 with the aim of rectifying and educating the army.
However, due to an erroneous judgment of the enemy's situation and situation, as well as a lack of understanding of military theory and practice, the conference went in the wrong direction and launched an "anti-dogmatism" campaign.
The so-called "dogmatism" refers to blindly copying foreign experiences in military training and academy education, not taking into account China's actual conditions, not giving play to subjective initiative, and not creatively solving problems
This phenomenon does exist in some military units and schools, and it has affected the process of modernizing and regularizing the armed forces.
However, in the process of criticizing "dogmatism," we did not distinguish between priority and priority, priority, and right and wrong, but completely denied and erased the necessity and rationality of learning from the experience of foreign armies.
Some leaders and cadres were accused of being ".Right-leaning opportunists", "distrusting *** opposition to the people's commune", "negating the people's war", "arguing in vain".Wait a minute. These accusations are groundless and are nothing but unjust and slanderous against them.
The main victims of this campaign are:Su Yu, Xiao Keand a group of generals and commanders who are in charge of the training of the whole army and the work of military academies. They are all outstanding commanders and theoreticians of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, who participated in major historical events such as the Long March, the War of Resistance Against Japan, the War of Liberation, and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and made great contributions to China's revolution and national defense.
While drawing on the experience of foreign militaries, they have also creatively solved many military problems in the light of China's actual conditions. They did not make any mistake of principle, but only had different views or approaches on some specific issues
However, in the movement, they were attacked and criticized for no reason, and even subjected to organizational processing and political pressure.
This campaign seriously dampened the enthusiasm of the vast number of officers and men in training and had a major negative impact on the modernization and regularization of the armed forces at that time and later.
It was not until 1980 that Comrade *** clearly pointed out: ".That anti-dogmatism was wrong。This is also *** unanimous opinion. Only then did the *** and other generals rehabilitate Zhaoxue and restore their reputation and status. They also continue to contribute their wisdom and strength to the cause of national defense.
This was the background to the "anti-dogmatism" movement in the military in 1958.
His life has not been smooth sailing, and he has been unjustly criticized and snubbed. Today, let's review the process of Su Yu's criticism in 1958, and how the three heavyweights escorted him, and how they set the tone in one sentence.
Su Yu was an outstanding commander and theoretician of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, who participated in and commanded major historical events such as the Nanchang Uprising, the Battle of Huangqiao, the Battle of Huaihai, and the Battle of Crossing the River, and made great contributions to China's revolution and national defense
In 1955, he was awarded the rank of general, the first of the ten founding generals, and was awarded the Order of August 1, the Order of Independence and Freedom, and the Order of Liberation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as deputy chief of general staff, chief of general staff, and vice minister of national defense of the People's Liberation Army, and was one of the members of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China's leading military commission.
However, at the enlarged meeting of the Military Commission in 1958, Su Yu was unreasonably criticized and attacked.
The main purpose of the meeting was to rectify and educate the armed forces, but due to an erroneous judgment of the enemy's situation and situation, as well as a lack of understanding of military theory and practice, the conference went in the wrong direction and launched an "anti-dogmatism" campaign.
This phenomenon does exist in some military units and schools, and it has affected the process of modernizing and regularizing the armed forces.
However, in the process of criticizing "dogmatism," we did not distinguish between priority and priority, priority, and right and wrong, but completely denied and erased the necessity and rationality of learning from the experience of foreign armies.
Some leaders and cadres have been accused of being "right-leaning opportunists", "distrusting *** and opposing the people's commune", "negating the people's war", "arguing in vain", and so on. These accusations are groundless and are nothing but unjust and slanderous against them.
As chief of the General Staff, Su Yu was responsible for the training and academy work of the whole army, and while drawing on the experience of foreign armies, he also creatively solved many military problems in the light of China's actual conditions.
He did not make any mistake of principle, but had different views or approaches on some specific issues.
However, during the movement, he was unjustifiably attacked and criticized, and even subjected to organizational and political pressure.
On the eve of the start of the movement, Su Yu felt a bad atmosphere. In his memoirs, he wrote: ".When I arrived in Beijing, I felt something was wrong a few days before the meeting。He found himself excluded from some important meetings and did not receive any meeting materials.
He also heard that some people said behind his back that he was "anti-party, anti-leadership, and personal extremism", "distrusted, ***, and negated the people's war", and so on. He felt confused and aggrieved, not knowing what he had done wrong.
After the meeting officially began, Su Yu became the object of criticism. At the meeting, some people accused Su Yu of promoting "dogmatism" in military training and academy education, copying the experience of the Soviet Union, ignoring Chinese characteristics, not attaching importance to the people's war, and not respecting the ideology of the Soviet Union.
These accusations are baseless and even reversed. In fact, Su Yu has always been a faithful executor and creator of the idea of adhering to the highest standards in military theory and practice.
He has commanded successful people's wars on many battlefields, and has also expounded his understanding and recognition of the best ideology on many occasions.
While drawing on the experience of the Soviet Union, he also creatively solved many military problems in the light of China's actual conditions. In his military training and academy education, he also paid attention to giving play to his subjective initiative and cultivating a new type of revolutionary soldiers.
Su Yu refuted and defended these accusations, but did not receive any support or understanding
On the contrary, he was also considered to "commit crimes against the wind", "disobey organizational arrangements", "not accept criticism and education", and so on. At the meeting, some people even proposed to deal with Su Yu and put political pressure on him. These remarks shocked and painful Su Yu, who felt that he had been greatly injustice and slandered.
After the meeting, Su Yu was dismissed from the post of chief of the General Staff and transferred to the post of vice minister of defense and vice president of the Academy of Military Sciences. This is an obvious demotion and a denial and blow to his military work over the years.
Since then, Su Yu has lost his important position and influence in the army, and has also lost the opportunity and platform to participate in national defense construction.
This movement seriously hurt Su Yu's physical and mental health, and also brought him great difficulties and pressure
He had to endure all kinds of negative emotions such as loneliness, loneliness, helplessness, grievances, indignation, and disappointment. He also had to face various complex relationships such as concerns, questions, misunderstandings, and neglects from his family, friends, colleagues, and subordinates.
Although he endured everything strongly on the surface, he was tormented and tormented on the inside.
Although Su Yu was aggrieved in his heart, he did not defend himself or petition, but insisted on obeying the arrangement of *** and continued to work in the army.
He believed that the party and the people would never forget his merits and loyalty, and that truth would eventually triumph over lies. Sure enough, when he was in the most difficult time, three heavyweights stood up to escort him, they were *** Xiao Jinguang and ***
He was an outstanding leader of the Communist Party of China and an old friend of Su Yu
He understood Su Yu's thinking and style, and knew that he was a revolutionary who was loyal to the party and the people. He has spoken for Su Yu on many occasions, strongly supporting his correct views and refuting his false accusations.
For example, at the enlarged meeting of the Military Commission held in April 1958, he openly supported Su Yu's opinion that military training should be combined with the actual situation, and criticized some people's unreasonable attacks on Su Yu.
Xiao Jinguang is one of Su Yu's earliest leaders, and he is also one of Su Yu's most respected and trusted leaders
Xiao Jinguang once fought side by side with Su Yu in many historical periods such as the Red Eleventh Army, the Red Seventh Army, and the New Fourth Army, and had deep feelings and trust for Su Yu.
Xiao Jinguang is also an outstanding military strategist, he has made significant contributions to the construction of the navy, he is not confined to dogma, but according to the laws and changes of war, flexible formulation and implementation of combat plans.
Xiao Jinguang defended Su Yu many times at the meeting and expressed his affirmation and support for Su Yu's work. He said".It is undeniable that Comrade Su Yu has done a great deal of work and achieved great results in military training。He also said: ".Comrade Su Yu also has a lot of creative ideas in military theory, which we should learn from and draw on。Although Xiao Jinguang's words were straightforward and honest, they expressed trust and respect for Su Yu.
Xiao Jinguang also interceded for Su Yu in front of ***. ** I once talked to Xiao Jinguang alone and asked him what he thought of Su Yu. Xiao Jinguang said: ".Comrade Su Yu is a decent person, has no two hearts, and is a good person。After listening to Xiao Jinguang's words, he also had some changes to Su Yu. He said at the meeting".Comrade Su Yu fought very well during the war and served the public. After arriving in Beijing, will it be for public or private purposes? It can't be said that it's all for personal gain, so please judge。Although the words did not completely rehabilitate Su Yu, they eased the atmosphere and left some room for Su Yu.
Xiao Jinguang escorted Su Yu, which alleviated Su Yu's pressure and predicament to a certain extent.
However, in the political atmosphere at the time, he could not fully protect Su Yu from harm. In the end, Su Yu was forced to resign as chief of the General Staff and was transferred from the ** Military Commission.
He is one of Su Yu's closest comrades-in-arms, and he is also one of Su Yu's most admired and relied on comrades-in-arms
**He has commanded many major battles with Su Yu in many units such as the New Fourth Army, the Central China Field Army, and the East China Field Army, and has a deep understanding and appreciation of Su Yu.
** He is also an outstanding military strategist, he has unique insights and contributions to military theory and practice, he is not confined to dogma, but according to the laws and changes of war, flexibly formulate and implement combat plans.
** Defended Su Yu many times at the meeting, expressing his affirmation and support for Su Yu's work. It expresses trust and respect for Su Yu.
It is precisely with the escort of these three heavyweights that Su Yu was able to maintain his faith and dignity in the midst of storms and continue to fight for the cause of national defense.
And ***, as the supreme leader of the Communist Party of China, has not forgotten Su Yu, an excellent general. At the second meeting of the Eighth National Congress held in September 1958, ** set the tone for Su Yu in one sentence, that is: ".Su Yu is a good comrade, don't approve it again
As soon as this sentence came out, it was like a thunderbolt from the sky, shocking everyone. It turned out that Su Yu, who had been criticized and isolated, was affirmed and praised by ***.
This is undoubtedly the greatest rehabilitation and restoration of Su Yu. Since then, the turmoil of Su Yu's criticism has subsided, and he has regained the trust and respect of the party and the people
This is the story of Su Yu being criticized in 1958, and the story of three heavyweights escorting him and setting the tone in one sentence. Through this story, we can see that Su Yu is a revolutionary hero who adheres to the truth, is loyal to the party and the people, is not afraid of sacrifice, is not afraid of difficulties, is indomitable, is not discouraged, does not retreat, does not compromise, and does not surrender.
He devoted his life to making outstanding contributions to China's revolution and national defense. We should learn from his excellent qualities and lofty spirit and work hard to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
Through this story, we can see that Su Yu is an outstanding Communist Party member and military strategist who is loyal to the party and the people, has the courage to innovate, is not afraid of difficulties, and is indomitable.
He played an important role in China's revolution and national defense, and made indelible contributions to the liberation and prosperity of the Chinese nation.
Although he was greatly hurt and troubled by injustices and blows, he did not give up his beliefs and ideals, nor did he oppose the party and the people, but continued to contribute his wisdom and strength to the cause of national defense.
He is an example for us to learn from and emulate.
Su Yu's criticism is a historical mistake and tragedy, and it is also a great injustice and harm to Su Yu himself and all the officers and men of the army.
It was not until 1980 that Comrade *** clearly pointed out: ".That anti-dogmatism was wrong。This is also *** unanimous opinion. This rehabilitated Su Yu and restored his reputation and status.
He also continued to contribute his wisdom and strength to the cause of national defense.