Prometheus is an open-source surveillance system that was originally developed by SoundCloud and first released in 2012.
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// download：It is flexible and scalable, enabling users to collect, store, and analyze monitoring data, helping them better understand the health of their systems. This article will introduce the basic principles, architecture, and core features of the Prometheus monitoring system.
1. The basic principle of Prometheus.
Prometheus uses a data model called Prom Metrics, which uses metrics with key-value pairs to describe the system's monitoring data. Each sample has a timestamp and a floating-point value that represents the observations at a point in time for that sample. Samples can contain a variety of information, such as CPU utilization, memory usage, etc.
Prometheus also uses a mechanism called labels to classify and query samples. Tags are a collection of key-value pairs, which can be divided into dimensions for samples, so that users can query monitoring data according to different dimensions. For example, you can use labels to represent information such as hosts, applications, and data centers that are being monitored.
Second, the architecture of Prometheus.
The architecture of Prometheus is simple and consists of the following components:
1.Prometheus Server: The core component of Prometheus, which is responsible for collecting and storing monitoring data. It periodically grabs samples from configured data sources and stores them in a time series database on local disk.
2.Exporters: An exporter is a component that integrates with a specific application or system to expose the application's monitoring data to the Prometheus server. The exporter can directly capture the metrics of the application, or obtain the metrics through middleware, **, etc.
3.AlertManager: The AlertManager is responsible for handling alert notifications from the Prometheus Server. It can analyze the monitoring data according to the preset rules and send the alarm to the administrator.
4.PushGateway: PushGateway is a special exporter that allows applications to push metric data to the Prometheus Server instead of having the Prometheus Server actively scrape it. This can be very useful in some short assignments.
3. The core features of Prometheus.
1.Multi-dimensional data model: Prometheus' data model supports multi-dimensional monitoring data, enabling users to query and aggregate data based on different dimensions. This flexibility enables a wide range of monitoring needs.
2.Powerful Query Language: Prometheus provides a powerful query language (PromQL) that can be used to query and aggregate time series data. Users can generate qualitative monitoring reports and charts according to their own needs.
3.Automatic discovery and service discovery: Prometheus supports automatic discovery and monitoring of new nodes or services through configuration files, tagging mechanisms, and service discovery functions. This makes the deployment and maintenance of the monitoring system much easier.
4.Alarm notification: Prometheus can analyze the monitoring data according to the user's preset rules and send an alarm notification when the conditions are met. This helps to quickly identify and resolve system failures or anomalies.
Summary: As a powerful monitoring system, Prometheus provides users with a comprehensive and flexible monitoring solution through its multi-dimensional data model, powerful query language and automatic discovery functions. By properly configuring Prometheus Server and its integrated exporter, users can monitor and analyze the operating status of the system in real time, find and solve problems in time, and improve the reliability and stability of the system.