In our cognitive process, perceptual cognition and rational cognition are two indispensable stages. Perceptual cognition reflects the phenomena of things, while rational cognition reveals the essence and laws of things. There is a fundamental difference between them, and this article will ** this issue.
Perceptual cognition is the understanding that people obtain through the sense organs on the basis of practice, which has the characteristics of directness and detail. Rational cognition, on the other hand, is a high-level cognitive stage in which the essence and laws of things are thought about and reasoned on the basis of perceptual cognition, which has the characteristics of indirectness and abstraction.
Characteristics of perceptual cognition
Perceptual cognition is the knowledge that we acquire directly through the sensory organs and has the following characteristics:
1.Immediacy: Perceptual cognition can directly reflect the external appearance and phenomenon of things. When we see a flower, we are able to perceive its color, shape, and fragrance firsthand.
2.Detailed: Perceptual awareness provides detailed information about things. Through the action of the senses, we can observe the shape, texture, sound, and other specific characteristics of things.
3.Concreteness: Perceptual cognition is concrete and individual, and it is concerned with the specific existence and manifestation of things. We are able to understand each specific thing through perceptual awareness.
Characteristics of rational cognition
Rational cognition is carried out on the basis of perceptual cognition, and it has the following characteristics:
1.Indirectness: Rational cognition reveals the nature and laws of things through thinking, reasoning, and logic. It requires the analysis and abstraction of perceptual cognition with the help of thought processes such as concepts, judgments, and reasoning.
2.Abstraction: Rational cognition can extract the commonality and laws of things from perceptual cognition, and generalize and generalize. Through rational understanding, we are able to go beyond concrete things and abstract universal laws and principles.
3.Synthesis: Rational cognition can integrate and synthesize different perceptual cognitions to form a more complete and comprehensive understanding. It is able to reveal the inner connections and interactions between things.
The relationship between perceptual and rational cognition
Perceptual cognition and rational cognition are a continuous and progressive process in the process of our cognition. Perceptual cognition provides the basis and material for rational cognition, while rational cognition deepens and develops perceptual cognition.
Perceptual cognition is our first contact and understanding of the external world, which helps us adapt to the environment and recognize the external characteristics of things. However, mere perceptual cognition can only reflect the phenomena of things, and cannot reveal the essence and laws of things.
Rational cognition is carried out on the basis of perceptual cognition, and through thinking, reasoning and logic, the essence and laws of things can be revealed. It transcends the limitations of perceptual cognition, helps us understand things more deeply, and guides our thinking and action.
The meaning of perceptual and rational cognition
Both perceptual and rational cognition are of great significance in our daily life and work
1.The importance of perceptual awareness: Perceptual awareness is our initial perception of the external world, which can provide intuitive information and experience to help us adapt to the environment and carry out basic life activities. Through perceptual awareness, we are able to feel the beauty, joy, and pain of things, so as to obtain the joy and experience of life.
2.The importance of rational cognition: Rational cognition is the process of in-depth thinking and exploration of the nature and laws of things on the basis of perceptual cognition. It is able to transcend the phenomena reflected by perceptual cognition and reveal the inner nature and operation of things. Through rational understanding, we are able to abstract universal laws and principles and apply them to concrete problems and practices.
An illustration of perceptual and rational cognition
To better understand the difference between perceptual and rational cognition, we can illustrate with a few examples:
1.Illustration 1: When we see an apple through our eyes, it is a process of perceptual cognition. We are able to directly perceive external features such as the color, shape, and shine of apples. Then, through rational understanding, we are able to think and reason, knowing that the essence of the apple is a fruit, which contains nutrients and has health benefits.
2.Illustration 2: When we hear the singing of birds, it is a process of perceptual recognition. We can directly feel the beauty and beauty of the birds' songs. Then, through rational understanding, we can study and learn that birds sing in order to attract the opposite sex and declare territory.
These examples illustrate the role of perceptual and rational cognition in the process of knowing. Perceptual cognition allows us to directly feel the external appearance of things, while rational cognition helps us reveal the nature and laws of things.
Summary
Perceptual cognition and rational cognition play an indispensable role in our cognitive process. Perceptual awareness can provide intuitive and detailed information to help us adapt to the environment and carry out basic life activities; Rational cognition, on the other hand, reveals the nature and laws of things and guides our thinking and actions. Although there is a difference between perceptual and rational cognition, they are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, and together they constitute our comprehensive understanding of the world. It is only by combining perceptual and rational knowledge that we can better understand things, solve problems, and achieve personal and social development.