Why did the Western Liao Empire fall? The invincible is finally destroyed.
In 1125, the Liao Dynasty ended, and the last Tianzuo Emperor Yelu Yanxi was captured by the Jurchens and died in Shangjing shortly after. Although the Liao Dynasty disappeared, the Khitan did not withdraw from the stage of history.
In Western Liao, there was also a Western Liao Empire that existed for 94 years. After the collapse of the Liao Dynasty, he led some of his subordinates to flee westward and rebuilt the new Liao State in the Western Regions and Central Asia.
The Western Liao reached its peak under the leadership of Yelu Dashi, and for a time of its glory, the surrounding countries such as the Gaochang Uighurs, the Western Karakhanate, the Eastern Karakhanid and Khorezm all submitted to the Western Liao, and its prestige spread far and wide in Europe and Asia.
However, after the death of Yelu Dashi, Xiliao began to decline, among which Xiao Ta Buyan as the empress of the dynasty, although she is a woman, but she is a real ruthless person, her story is worthy of our in-depth **.
Why, then, did Western Liao fail at the hands of Yelu Zhilugu? This is related to the feud between the Naiban tribe and Genghis Khan.
Naiban tribe: supernova on the steppe Once upon a time, there was a tribe in the Mongolian steppe, and its strength shocked other tribes, and some people even thought that the word "tribe" to describe it was a bit too underestimated.
This tribe is the Nabarian tribe. When the tribes of the Mongolian steppe were still in primitive struggle, fighting to the death for pastures, the barbarian tribes had already entered the feudal society.
They had a complete ruling apparatus, their own writing and school, and were arguably the most literate country on the Mongolian plateau at that time. Not only that, but the military equipment of the Naiban Department is also very advanced.
Their sabers and spears were so sharp that they could pierce their armor, and even in critical moments, they were able to retreat in an orderly manner, alternating between cover, with great ease.
The strength of the Naiban tribe made it rise in the Mongolian steppe and become a supernova. If you look at it from today's point of view, nine out of ten who unify the Mongolian Plateau should be a barbarian country.
However, the fate of the barbarian country was not all smooth sailing. In the iron-blooded era of "either outstanding or out", they met Genghis Khan, who "God blocks and kills God, and Buddha blocks and kills Buddha".
In the confrontation with Genghis Khan, the barbarian kingdom was finally defeated and became the side out of the game. Despite this, the existence of the Naiban state still had a profound impact on the Mongolian steppe.
Their culture and courage have become a beautiful landscape in the Mongolian steppe.
Genghis Khan, in the war with the Naiban tribe, captured the most literate prime minister of the Naiban tribe, Tata Tonga, who was proficient in the Uyghur script and Chinese, and created the Mongolian version of the Ughur script for Genghis Khan, so that the Mongols officially entered the age of writing.
However, the prince of the Nabarian kingdom, Qu Zhulu, escaped in the war and began to flee. His escape can be said to be a "bad luck spread" road, successively defected to his uncle Buyilu Khan and the Mir Beggar tribe, but neither of them escaped the pursuit of Genghis Khan, and finally the leader Toheita Khan was killed in battle on the banks of the Irtysh River, and Qu Qulu also became an exile.
Qu Qu Lu is a legendary figure, and when he goes to **, he will become unlucky. He was once a barbarian prince with a powerful influence and a beautiful appearance. He once took refuge in Western Liao, and was accepted and treated favorably by the Western Liao Emperor Yelu Zhilugu.
In the process of meeting the emperor, he was clever and shrewd, and managed to avoid possible dangers. He told the emperor that he could call on his old tribe to join the Western Liao family as a prince of Naiman, and promised that if Genghis Khan came to attack, he would lead his men to fight against him.
Qu Zhulu's words moved the emperor and queen, and they gave him the status of a prince, and married the princess to him, and he became the concubine of Western Liao. Qu Zhulu did not break his promise, he gathered a large number of subordinates, and became a strong supporter of Western Liao.
However, he was not satisfied with this, he wanted to control the whole of Western Liao, for which he formulated a poisonous plan. He colluded with the vassal states of Western Liao to besiege the capital of Western Liao, forcing Yelu Zhilugu to surrender and cede the throne to him.
Qu Qulu's poisonous plan succeeded, and he became the new emperor of Western Liao, but his actions also caused dissatisfaction among other countries. They seized the opportunity to become independent, and gained a large territory and population from Western Liao, becoming a regional power.
Although Qu Zhulu succeeded in becoming the emperor of Western Liao, his actions also led to the ** and decline of Western Liao.
Qu Qu called himself the emperor, set aside his old father-in-law, and declared that he would not change the country name and the old system of Western Liao, but it is still unknown whether he regretted and blamed himself for "judging people by their appearance" back then.
He had the strength to stand up to Genghis Khan, and if he had remained neutral, he might have become an alternative power in the 13th century. However, he made a bad move and broke with Islam.
Islam had a great influence in West and Central Asia, and Western Liao and its vassals, such as Samarkand, Huathornzim, and the Qarakhanid Dynasty, all believed in Islam. There have always been religious contradictions within Western Liao.
The Great Khan of the Qarakhanid dynasty, Muhammad bin Yusuf, united with nearby Muslims to rebel against Western Liao rule, but was defeated and captured.
In the early 11th century, after the Qarakhanid state came to power, in order to encircle the only subject state, the Qarakhanid Dynasty, he obtained a pledge of allegiance from Yusufu and released Yusufu to return to China.
originally thought that this trick was good and could alleviate the contradiction between *** and religion, but who knew that an accident happened. When the Qarakhanid Dynasty heard that Yusufu was loyal to the enemy, they were furious and sent assassins to assassinate Yusufu halfway.
When Qu Julu learned of this, he was furious and decided to break with Islam from now on. He sent a large army to Kashgar to plunder, and finally turned the beautiful and rich Kashgar into ruins.
This behavior made him a public enemy of the Islamic world, and even his former ally Khorezm turned against him, and they sent troops to drive Qu Julu out of Central Asia.
Qu Qulu had no choice but to move the capital to Kashgar, but he didn't know that the people of Kashgar hated him. In order to completely cut off the resistance, he decided to do something to the ground: all the natives of Kashgar either wore Khitan clothes or converted to Buddhism, otherwise there was only one way to die.
The helpless Kashgar people could only wear Khitan costumes and recite the Quran. Not only that, but he also violently purged the city of Khotan. The whole Western Regions trembled under his obscenity.
High-pressure rule is exchanged for high-pressure resistance. Islamists prayed silently that he would die soon. Perhaps he heard the prayers of the congregation, and his terminator came in an unexpected way: in 1218 AD, a governor of Khorezm coveted the belongings of Mongol merchants and ** the entire Mongol caravan, angering Genghis Khan.
In the course of his expedition to the west, Jebe discovered Qu Chulu in Kashgar: "You kid, you are really fateful, and you actually became the emperor of the soil here?" In the end, the brothers worked together to defeat Qu Qu Lu.
Qu Zhulu was once the overlord of Western Liao, but under the pressure of the Mongol army, his situation became more and more difficult. His wealth and power have been depleted, and his character has been criticized for not being able to cope with such a crisis.
Qu Zhulu was very aware of his situation, he knew that he was already on the crater, so he took the initiative to choose to flee. He originally wanted to fight in the mountains, but his actions caused anger among the people, and he was eventually captured by the hunters in the mountains and handed over to Jebel.
Qu was eventually killed by the Mongol army, and his image as a tyrant died out. His death marked the end of the Western Liao Dynasty, a dynasty that had existed for 94 years and has since become history.