Robots are typically powered by AC power, so a voltage regulator that can convert AC power to a stable DC power source is required. In the robot system, the function of the voltage regulator is very important, it can ensure the stable operation of the whole system, and avoid the impact of voltage fluctuations on the robot. 
The choice of voltage regulator needs to be determined based on the power demand of the robot and the power input voltage range. There are two types of common voltage regulators: linear regulators and switching regulators.
A linear regulator is a basic type of regulator that achieves a stable output by reducing the input voltage to the desired output voltage. Linear regulators feature simple construction, low cost, and stable output voltage. However, linear regulators are relatively inefficient and are not suitable for high-power robotic systems.
A switching regulator is a more efficient type of regulator that uses a switching device to regulate the proportional relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage to achieve a stable output voltage. Switching regulators have the advantages of high efficiency, high stability and low heat loss, and are suitable for high-power robot systems.
When selecting a voltage regulator, you also need to consider the input voltage range of the power supply and the output voltage requirements. In general, the power input voltage range of a robot system is between 100V and 240V, so it is important to consider whether a transformer is needed to accommodate different input voltage ranges. The output voltage requirements are generally between 5V and 12V, depending on the circuit design and component requirements of the robot system.
In short, the voltage regulator used in the robot system should be efficient, stable and reliable, which can meet the requirements of the robot system for power quality and ensure the normal operation of the robot system. When selecting a voltage regulator, it is necessary to consider factors such as the power requirements of the robot system, the power input voltage range and the output voltage requirements, and select the appropriate voltage regulator type and specifications according to the actual situation.