Electronic warfare UAVs have a unique advantage in maritime electronic countermeasures and can effectively enhance information control capabilities on the battlefield.
Reference News" reported, Russia reported that the Turkish Navy is equipped with the world's first unmanned *** This "Marlin" unmanned ship is called "Marlin", and the published information indicates that it is a marine platform that can be used for combat and reconnaissance, and can interfere with communications and various wireless signals. The unmanned ship is equipped with radar and GPS, which can be used both on the dock and on a large ship.
The "Marlin" type UAV can act as an ocean platform in military and reconnaissance missions.
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Unmanned ship is a kind of surface platform with a certain degree of autonomy, able to cruise autonomously under unmanned conditions, and perform certain combat and operational tasks, with low cost, strong concealment, and flexible mobility, and when it is integrated with cutting-edge electronic warfare technology, it will play an important role in the fields of maritime intelligence reconnaissance and surface information attack and defense. Studies have shown that electronic warfare unmanned aerial vehicles (ECUSV) have unique advantages in maritime electronic countermeasures.
First of all, due to the influence of ground curvature, the detection range of sea electrons on the sea-based detection platform is limited to the visual range, while the detection range of the target is relatively narrow. The electronic warfare UAV is a shipborne reconnaissance platform, which is used to conduct close reconnaissance of the target, dock with the command center of the mother ship by means of satellites, data links, etc., and feed back the detection data, thereby expanding the reconnaissance distance of the maritime forces. Using a formation network composed of multiple unmanned boats to carry out large-scale coverage can greatly enhance the situational awareness in naval warfare.
Secondly, electronic warfare UAVs can achieve short-range reconnaissance of targets, which can reduce the detection range to a certain extent, increase the probability of detection, increase the strength of the received signal, and to a certain extent, reduce the sensitivity of the detection device. For example, when the towing equipment is used for underwater search, the radiation noise is very low, and it is necessary to increase the aperture of the base array and increase the space processing gain to achieve the purpose of long-distance search. For unmanned ships with electronic warfare, when conducting short-range reconnaissance, a base array with a small aperture can be used.
At the same time, with electronic warfare UAVs, close jamming of targets can be achieved. (The electronic warfare UAV has better jamming performance for the high-speed frequency hopping radar, while the frequency hopping radar is difficult to interfere with it because of its strong anti-jamming performance), which has become an important combat target of the electronic countermeasure system, and the approach reconnaissance jamming implemented by the UAV can effectively reduce the transmission delay advantage of the frequency hopping station, and once the frequency hopping frequency is locked, it can produce better jamming effect); The electronic warfare unmanned boat, on the other hand, reduces the interference with the electronic equipment of the unmanned ship by separating from the mother ship, obtains the best interference from the enemy, and also reduces the interference with the electronic equipment such as radar, communication, and navigation of its own ship.
An unmanned surface vehicle is a new type of underwater vehicle and a new type of warfare.
In addition, due to the rapid development of power battery technology, the future electronic warfare unmanned boat can also be equipped with solar cells, new lithium batteries, etc., on the premise of increasing the mileage, reduce its electromagnetic radiation, and enhance the best performance. In times of war, electronic warfare UAVs can be pre-deployed in important water areas for long-term reconnaissance of important combat targets. In peacetime, electronic warfare UAVs can quickly enter operational waters according to the needs of the mission to conduct reconnaissance and interference. Compared with the traditional electronic warfare method, the electronic warfare UAV has the functions of long-term detection and jamming, which can effectively solve the current problems in maritime electronic countermeasures and improve China's information control ability on the battlefield.
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At present, many countries in the world are paying great attention to the development of electronic countermeasure UAVs. The data suggest that the tactical electronic warfare division of the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has developed a new type of electronic strike technology against surface ships, which is suitable for unmanned boat delivery and can cooperate with ships in shallow seas. This project was proposed by the U.S. Naval Research Agency (ONR), and its main purpose is to develop electromagnetic interference capabilities for the new generation of maritime patrol ships, multi-role fighters, sea surface reconnaissance radar, target tracking radar jamming, and anti-ship missile first search and scanning. When a single unmanned boat is operating, it can be used as a long-term self-defense and strike system; However, if multiple ships form a network, a large-area wide-area electronic countermeasures and defense system can be formed.
In order to test the practical application of the unmanned boat, NRL cooperated with the Cadyro Division of the U.S. Navy's Maritime Command Center to test a new, high-speed unmanned surface vehicle HS-USSV. The HS-USSV is a remotely controlled hydrofoil with a hull length of up to 11 meters, which can provide a stable jamming platform for combat targets in complex sea conditions and complex ocean environments, and its speed can reach the level of medium and large ships of the Navy. In this project, the Wideband Digital Storage Frequency (DRFM) electronic countermeasure system developed by the Navy's Future Maritime Multi-Purpose Radio Frequency (AMRFC) program is used as the research object, and on the basis of the existing jamming mode, the high-resolution pseudo-target generation of true amplitude and Doppler modulation is realized, and on this basis, a composite multi-component jamming waveform containing a variety of camouflage interference components is formed. In addition, a low-cost orientation system suitable for HS-USSV was developed. For tactical aircraft, high-gain antennas and high-power microwave power modules are used to achieve the purpose of high-power jamming targets.
At present, the United States is actively developing various types of unmanned ships, and relevant unmanned electronic countermeasures ships are also being developed.
Turkey also has good results in drones, and several unmanned submarines have been launched before. According to this report, this "Marlin" class unmanned submarine, with a maximum flight distance of 400 knots, a battery life of 24 hours, and a maximum speed of 36 knots, can be used as an ocean platform for military reconnaissance, can suppress communication equipment and various wireless signals, and can also be equipped with missiles, torpedoes, automatic artillery, sonar buoys, etc., in accordance with the requirements of the mission, and equipped with a sonar system that can adjust the detection frequency and automatically process information, so as to achieve the purpose of integrating jamming, reconnaissance, strike, and strike. In addition, this unmanned ship is also equipped with radar, satellite positioning and other functions, which can not only dock on the dock, but also carry large warships.
Electronic warfare UAVs are unmanned ships with great potential for development. For example, a plurality of electronic warfare UAVs can carry out coordinated electromagnetic spectrum reconnaissance, underwater acoustic detection, various types of electronic radiation sources, monitoring and search for underwater targets in the waters around the formation, as well as a joint three-dimensional monitoring network composed of various reconnaissance means such as space-based, air, and surface manned aircraft and unmanned, and unmanned to use various reconnaissance means to guide each other, collect information, and synthesize to detect threats in a timely manner, build a maritime battlefield situation, and provide information support for operations.
In view of the enemy's threats from spaceborne synthetic aperture radar, antisubmarine detection radar, optical imaging reconnaissance, surface and shore-based radar monitoring, and underwater reconnaissance networks, a number of electronic warfare UAVs can form swarms to counter enemy reconnaissance and protect their own formations by means of electromagnetic interference, false target deception, smoke screen masking, and underwater acoustic confrontation. In order to deal with the enemy's signal electronic information reconnaissance, a number of electronic warfare UAVs can not only form powerful interference in a specific area and frequency range, but also simulate the electromagnetic radiation of the frequencies used by various ships to create a real naval battlefield scene, so as to achieve the purpose of confusing the enemy.
In view of the threat posed by the enemy's shore-based ship-based anti-ship missiles to China's aircraft carriers, large destroyers and other high-value platforms, this project uses microwave radio frequency, photoelectric and other main means, combined with cross-flashing, platform maneuvering and other tactical applications, to implement precise terminal guidance jamming or deflection of incoming missiles, reduce their hit rate and killing effect, and carry out electromagnetic countermeasures against new threats such as UAV swarm attacks. The coordinated operation of multiple electronic warfare UAVs can effectively expand the protection area, deal with saturation attacks, and improve the protection efficiency.