In the early 60s of the last century, India's aggressive ambitions were finally exposed, and its army continued to occupy the border areas of our country in an attempt to provoke border conflicts. Therefore, in the situation of the overall deterioration of Sino-Indian relations, in order to peacefully settle the border dispute, he decided to take the risk to visit India, personally participate in the border talks, and did everything possible to avoid war.
The formal establishment of diplomatic relations between China and India should be traced back to 1950, after the Bandung Conference in 1955, the relationship between China and India has been close, however, because India has coveted our country for a long time, the two countries have friction in the border areas from time to time.
China and India have about 2,000 kilometers of border, divided into three sections, eastern, central and western, almost every of which has disputed territory. Although never formally demarcated, the two sides have historically formed a traditional and customary boundary line according to their respective administrative jurisdictions, with the western section of the border line along the Karakoram Mountains and the eastern section along the southern foothills of the Himalayas.
However, China and India have never reached a consensus on the border issue.
On April 19, 1960, the special plane of ** landed at the airport of New Delhi, India, and Indian Prime Minister and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru attached great importance to it and waited for this VIP from afar in the VIP lounge of the international airport.
You know, Nehru called for peace side by side with *** at the Bandung Conference in 1955, but he had his own thoughts and plans in his heart at this time, will his friends back then immediately fight-for-tat? Nehru wasn't sure.
After the plane door opened, **the first to walk out of the cabin, this time, ** was heavy, this is his fourth visit to India, but this time the other party's welcome ceremony is much colder, **still smiling down the gangway.
At this moment, a young female reporter in a suit and skirt approached and asked, speaking fluent Chinese, "Do you still know me?" ”
**After thinking for a moment, he said kindly: "Of course I remember, you are Miss Verna, a reporter for The Times, we have also touched glasses in the past, I remember drinking Moutai, but don't think I don't know, your cup can be mixed with a lot of mineral water!" ”
The conversation was funny and approachable, and tears suddenly overflowed in Verna's blue eyes, but, as a reporter, Verna did not forget her identity: "* Do you think this peace mission can be accomplished?" ”
**This time for peace, but if the two sides want to reach a consensus, they must achieve sincere and effective communication,** know this well, two hands, said: ".I tried my best, but one sincerity was obviously not enough to do this kind of thing, and it took two to do it.
The welcome ceremony lasted 25 minutes and ended in a hurry, and not only that, Nehru did not speak in English, as he had done before, but in Hindi, a choice that was invisibly perfunctory.
Subsequently, the convoy drove towards the ** mansion where the Chinese delegation stayed, and the places it passed along the way were very empty. The next day, ** and his entourage went to Gandhi's cremation site as customary, and after laying wreaths, they rushed to the Prime Minister's Office to prepare for high-level talks with Nehru.
At that time, the Chinese delegation stayed in India for a total of six days, during which the two sides talked for more than 20 hours, which was unprecedented even if the time of translation was included, and this did not include the repeated talks of the same content by the subordinates of the two sides.
However, in the course of the conversation, the two sides simply repeated what they had said in the past, and did not come up with a substantive solution to the core issue. Nehru was a figure who grew up in the struggle, spoke of ".McMahon Line"It shows a strong side.
As soon as the talks between the two sides began, Nehru sat upright and unreasonably demanded that China recognize the illegal "McMahon Line." In this regard, ** asked solemnly:Mr. Prime Minister, who is McMahon?
In fact, the so-called "McMahon Line" is the border between British India and China forged by Britain in 1935, and later this line also appeared on the map of British India.
Obviously, in the face of such a rebuttal, even if Nehru was a politician cultivated by the bourgeois parliamentary system of the West, no matter how eloquent he was, he was speechless at this time, and Nehru felt very embarrassed and had to laugh and remain silent.
In the face of the other party's difficulties, ** further asked: "The era of colonial rule has long ended, why do two sovereign countries still have a former British imperialist general to dictate the agenda, why can he play such a big role?" ”
The Sino-Indian border issue is complicated by historical reasons, but both countries have had the same views on the border issue because they have fought against British imperialism, but India is trying to get China to accept the unilateral expansion of the border by British imperialism.
Obviously, this is neither reasonable nor reasonable.
After hearing this, Nehru had no choice but to reluctantly say: "I know that the Prime Minister is an outstanding man and one of the greatest statesmen I have ever met, but you say that India's independence** is seeking its own interests from the British aggression against China, which is my deep surprise distress." It is true that Britain occupied India and ruled the continent against the will of our people, but the borders of India have been determined by history, geography, customs and traditions for centuries, as evidenced by my book published by the British Press. ”
Nehru's answer surprised ***, he actually tried to use his published book as the basis for demarcating the Sino-Indian border, which is undoubtedly both an athlete and a referee, and his face is a little ugly.
During the talks, the Chinese side made sincere efforts to strive for the joint efforts of both sides to resolve the Sino-Indian border issue in a fair and reasonable manner.
During the talks, it was repeatedly stated that although the McMahon Line is illegal, China** is willing to make concessions considering the friendship between the two peoples, but India should also make concessions in the western sector, in fact, this plan does not have much loss for India.
However, the Indian side has been slow to respond positively, and the two sides have not been able to reach any agreement. In this case, ** once said this to a friend:I couldn't get Nehru to loosen up at all, I think he had already made up his mind.
Not only that, India has not only ignored China's goodwill, but has even put forward even more unreasonable demands, not only demanding that China accept the "McMahon Line", but also asking us to recognize Aksai Chin as Indian territory.
In desperation, in order to make the world better understand China's position, he decided to take unilateral action, and held a press conference in New Delhi on April 25, 1960. Prior to this, ** had proposed to hold a joint press conference with Nehru, but the Indian side refused.
As soon as the people arrived, the staff began to distribute the early printed statement, which succinctly and concisely expounded China's position, and also summarized the common points or close points of the two sides into six points, which were printed in prominent positions.
At 7:20 p.m., ** led the entourage into the side door of the column hall, Verna hurriedly stepped forward and eagerly reminded ***Some people are ready to attack him in disregard of diplomatic etiquette, and ask him to be careful.
**Nodding slightly, she thanked Verna, and Verna explained the situation ahead, saying that *** would be the only target at this reception,** patted Verna on the shoulder, reassuring her, saidBullets in New Delhi can't knock themselves out
Subsequently, after entering, the first 45-minute speech, as soon as the speech ended, a burst of applause broke out in the column hall, ** calm and calm, took a sip of tea from the teacup, and continued: "I heard from a friend that many of you are descendants of the god of war Kumara, and they have prepared cannonballs to bombard me, I think if there is fire in my heart can be sent out, I am willing to bear it,."Because I think of myself as your friend
Soon, **'s speech won another round of applause, and not long after, a bearded man got up and asked: "Excuse me, the territorial division of the Sino-Indian border is now very clear, is there any need to negotiate and redemarcate again?" ”
Obviously, the reporter's question was very one-sided, but he still answered patiently, saying that if he was willing to study more about the century-old history of the Sino-Indian border and listen to the voice from China, he would naturally not ask this kind of question.
Then, a British journalist stood up: "You said that you want to solve the problem through negotiation, but do you think there is any qualification and necessity to discuss the ownership of something that belongs to someone else?" ”
The other party's question was rude, and his expression became serious: "Mr. James, in the territorial dispute between countries, I think your metaphor just now is not very appropriate, I am willing to explain this metaphor a little more, if your things are taken away by robbers, then shouldn't the owner of the original object ask the robbers for it?" ”
At this time, James already seemed a little angry: "You ......."Do you dare to say that India is a bandit? * is very calm: "There are bandits, but they are not India, but the British colonial policy, and I think China and India are friends and should always be friends." ”
At this time, another reporter sitting in the back row continued to ask: "Mr. Prime Minister, is it possible that you have built a road in the disputed area without saying hello in advance? ”
In order to improve the transportation of Xinjiang and the ** region, we did build the Qinghai-Tibet Highway on the side of the Karakoram Mountains, and several of its sections passed through a corner of the Aksai Chin region, but we believe that it is recognized as Chinese territory, and we expressed our willingness to negotiate a settlement after India **proposed**, if you think this is not respectful, then India ** crossed the traditional border without authorization, established a military base in the disputed area, not only armed patrols, but also used ** to advance gradually, what is this going on? ”
**As soon as the words fell, the reporters in the audience immediately turned their heads to each other, whispered, and were dumbfounded.
At this time, another reporter from the Indian Independent asked: "Mr. Prime Minister, the territorial dispute between China and India has become more and more intense, and it has reached the point of shooting people to death. ”
In this regard, ** retorted with a grim face: "We also have the problem of the 'McMahon Line' with Burma, Bhutan, Nepal and other countries, but why can we reach an agreement peacefully? If, according to this logic, the great powers must be the arrogant and unreasonable party, then what is the matter with India's border disputes with Pakistan and Sikkim? ”
As a country with thousands of years of ancient civilization, India is not inferior to China in terms of comprehensive national strength, population, international status, and prestige, as this reporter said, so how can we talk about the invasion of small countries by big countries?
The Indian journalist blushed, but insisted: "In any case, you are the aggressors, and it is you who hurt India's feelings......."”
When it comes to hurting feelings, ** has a cold look, but his tone is unusually steady, counting the facts that happened in the past:
When we put down the rebellion last year, we did not blame it when we knew that there were people behind it, and we specifically informed India before taking military action to ensure the protection of Indian nationals;Facts show that China has always adhered to international rules, not only has it not hurt anyone, but India has always been making inches!After the lama fled to India for refuge, China** tolerated it in accordance with international practice;
Not only that, the squadron did not take a step forward in the border dispute, and even stopped its routine border patrols, while India not only refused to negotiate the issue of territorial disputes, but even continued to send troops to patrol the territory of China, and repeatedly shot and wounded Chinese border guards and civilian ......
Not only that, when China was dealing with the issue of internal affairs, Indian cities unreasonably interfered in China's internal affairs, and even held large-scale anti-China demonstrations to support the ...... of the rebel group
Indian reporters knew that they were wrong, and hurriedly defended that this was only the behavior of a small group of people and did not represent India.
** said that China and India should be friendly and harmonious, and both have been bullied by the imperialist powers, and should not allow the border dispute to continue to expand, China promises not to invade an inch of any country's land, but will not tolerate the aggression of others.
For the Chinese and Indian peoples, there is no conflict of fundamental interests. ** Finally, he said that the dark clouds will always dissipate, the disputes will always be resolved, and if necessary, for the great friendship between the Chinese and Indian peoples, he will come to New Delhi again.
As soon as the words fell, the applause and applause from the audience rang out, and almost all the thousands of reporters present stood up and applauded, in the 7-minute applause, even including those who had just made a challenge to ***.
It can be seen that ** won the warm applause of all those present with his eloquent eloquence, and his final addition was more sincere than the situation just now.
However, after returning home, Nehru distorted and analyzed ***'s speech, claiming that he did not agree to stop patrols in various sections of the border, and that the Indian side could send people to operate in the disputed areas without causing conflict.
Through this meeting, it can be seen that the conflict between China and India in the border area is not caused by misunderstanding between the two sides, but is completely caused by the Indian side's insistence on going its own way, and even closing the door to negotiations, which is not only not conducive to the peaceful settlement of disputes, but is completely playing with fire**!