1. What is an air microstation?
An air microstation is a miniature device used to monitor air quality, also known as an air quality micro-monitoring station. Through the integration of sensor technology, communication technology and data processing technology, it can monitor the concentration of pollutants in the air in real time, such as particulate matter in the air, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds and other indicators, and at the same time combine the monitored wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and other parameters, and transmit the data to the cloud for analysis and processing, providing important data support for environmental protection and public health.
The air microstation is mainly composed of the following parts:
1.Sensor array: used to monitor various pollutants in the air, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, PM25 etc. It can be equipped with meteorological temperature and humidity sensors. These sensors can collect air quality data in real-time and transmit it to the microstation's master controller.
2.The master controller is the core component of the microstation, which is responsible for collecting, processing, and storing the data transmitted by the sensor array. The master controller is also responsible for transmitting the data via a wireless communication module to a cloud server or local data center for further analysis.
3.Wireless communication module: used to transmit the data collected by the microstation to a cloud server or local data center. The module can support a variety of communication protocols, such as Wi-Fi, 4G 5G, etc., to ensure reliable transmission of data.
4.Power system: Provide power support for the microstation, usually using a combination of solar panels and rechargeable batteries to ensure the continuous operation of the microstation.
5.Structural supports: used to hold and support the various components of a microstation, usually made of lightweight, durable materials, such as aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.
Together, these components enable air microstations to monitor air quality in real time and transmit the data to the cloud for analysis and processing, providing accurate data support for environmental monitoring departments to better understand and improve air quality.
2. What does the air microstation detect?
There are many types of pollutants monitored by air microstations, mainly particulate matter (PM2.).5. PM10), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone 6 items.
Particulate matter - one of the most important pollutants in the air, mainly in industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust and soot, common particulate matter such as PM25、pm10。Particulate matter has a significant impact on human health and can cause diseases such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and lung cancer. The methods of monitoring particulate matter concentration by air microstations mainly include gravimetric method, ray method and light scattering method. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, and it is necessary to choose the appropriate method according to the actual situation.
Sulphur dioxide SO2 – another common air pollutant that is mainly used in the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. Sulphur dioxide also has a significant impact on human health, causing respiratory tract inflammation and diseases such as asthma. The methods for monitoring sulfur dioxide concentration at air microstations mainly include ultraviolet fluorescence and differential absorption spectroscopy.
Nitrogen dioxide NO2 - mainly used in automobile exhaust and industrial emissions, is also a common air pollutant. The effects of nitrogen dioxide on human health are mainly manifested in causing respiratory inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. The methods for monitoring nitrogen dioxide concentration at air microstations mainly include chemiluminescence method and differential absorption spectroscopy.
Carbon monoxide CO - mainly in automobile exhaust and industrial emissions, etc., has a very large impact on human health, and can cause symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting and difficulty breathing. The methods of monitoring carbon monoxide concentration in air microstations mainly include electrochemical method and infrared spectroscopy.
Ozone O3 is mainly used in photochemical reactions and is one of the main components of photochemical smog. The effects of ozone on human health are mainly caused by diseases such as respiratory tract inflammation and asthma. The methods for monitoring ozone concentration at air microstations mainly include ultraviolet absorption method and differential absorption spectroscopy.
In addition to the above major pollutants, the air microstation can also monitor some other organic and inorganic pollutants, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, etc. The impact of these pollutants on human health is also significant and requires enhanced monitoring and management.
3. What is AQI?
The air microstation mainly monitors particulate matter (PM2.).5. PM10), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone, which are related to the air quality index AQI implemented by the state. AQI is commonly used to evaluate air quality.
AQI, short for Air Quality Index, is the indicator used by the new ambient air quality standard to describe the state of air quality. According to the value of AQI, the air quality status is divided into excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, heavy pollution and severe pollutionSixGrade.
Select the maximum value from the IAQI (*Air Quality Sub-Index) of each pollutant to determine the AQI when the AQIGreater than 50The largest contaminant in IAQI was identified as:Primary contaminant
On the official website of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, you can check the real-time air quality situation of cities across the country and learn about the air pollution situation in your city.