I don't know when it started.
Climbing Mount Tai became a trend.
If you want to see the sunrise, you can climb Mount Tai.
If you want to be a "special soldier", you can also climb Mount Tai.
If you want to relax (?) I can also climb Mount Tai.
Let's just say that this ID card must be picked up?
Even people who have never been to Tarzan are familiar with it.
The first of the five mountains, the "national mountain" ......
All sorts of auras.
All of them confirm the status of Mount Tai in the hearts of the Chinese.
Still, have we ever thought about such a thing?
The altitude of Tarzan is not very high.
How can it become the head of the five mountains?
By sight
In fact, relative to the five mountains, the altitude of Mount Tai is not high, only1532.7 meters, in the Five PeaksRanked third in terms of altitude
And the same is the five peaksHuashanThe altitude is 21549 meters,Heng MountainThe altitude is also 20168 meters.
Mount Tai, the main peak of the Jade Emperor Peak, elevation 15327 meters
Data**: National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping.
Set your sights onTaihang MountainsWith the North China Plain, Mount Tai is "the mountains", the Taihang MountainsThe main peak is 2,882 meters highThere are countless peaks above two thousand meters above sea level.
Surrounded by the North China PlainShandong hillsCompared with the towering Taihang, it seems a littleLow and bland
The Taihang Mountains stretch between Jin and Hebei
This makes many people underestimate the strength of Mount TaiLittle Tarzan, but that's it
However, Tarzan will punish everyone who has a hard mouth.
Although the altitude of Mount Tai is not high, it is better than the distanceIt's dangerous and long。After climbing for a hundred years, I feel like I have finally arrived at the Nantianmen, actually:Ticket office
Mount Tai Nantianmen, eighteen plates.
However, even if the route is long, the altitude is still a "hard wound" of Mount Tai. Many people's souls asked: Mount Tai is so short, why is it the head of the five mountains?
First of all, Mount Tai became the head of the five mountainsIt doesn't have much to do with the altitudeIt is mainly determined by multiple factors such as landscape, history, and culture.
Secondly, the altitude (absolute height) is short, howeverIt doesn't mean that the relative height is short
This is not the one who climbed Mount Tai.
Mount Tai was loved by emperors and literati from all walks of life in ancient timesThe relative height of Mount TaiIt has a lot to do with it.
This has to get back to the high school geography memory. Altitude, i.e. absolute height, is toSea level is zero starting pointThe height of the measurement.
WhileRelative height, which refers to the difference in absolute height between two locations. That is, a reference plane is selected as the referenceThe perpendicular distance of the ground from the specified reference plane
The text looks laborious, directly on the picture.
The altitude of A is 1500 meters.
The relative altitude difference between A and B is 1000 meters.
Tarzan, justVictory is at a relative height
Judging from the data, the relative height difference between the Jade Emperor Peak of Mount Tai and the urban area of Tai'an (average altitude of 134 meters) is about1400 meters, with the urban area of Jinan (average altitude 578 meters) the relative elevation difference is reached1475 meters
It is no exaggeration to say that Mount Tai is from the vast and open North China PlainRise from the ground, stand out from the crowd and stand tall.
This picture is very obvious, Mount Tai rises from the North China Plain.
Mount Tai is located at the east end of the Yellow River Basin, the central and eastern regions of the North China Plain, east of the Bohai Sea, south of the Yangtze River Basin, west of the Taihang Mountains, because it is surrounded by plains, so its mountain is particularly prominent.
Source: Topographic Map of China
And for the ancients, they did not have the concept of altitudeOnly the relative height is known.
So in their eyes, Mount Tai is the Central PlainsNatural Observation Deck, the world in full view:
The Yellow River is like a belt, and the canal is like a line;
The Great Plain of North China, thousands of miles of fertile fields, thousands of miles of plains;
The northeast of the Bohai Sea and the southeast of the Yellow Sea, the sea and land are vast, and you can see it all.
The view from Mount Tai is unobstructed and unobstructed.
So we can conclude that for the ancients, the beauty of a mountainThe relative height of the mountainMost important.
The steeper and more upright the mountain relative to its surroundings, the greater the slope of the mountain, and the larger the volume of the mountain, the more highly regarded such a mountain is.
Even if Mount Everest was placed in front of the ancients, without the sense of shock rising from the ground and the infinite sense of looking out, it was difficult to enter the eyes of the ancients.
The world's highest peak - Mount Everest, with an altitude of 884886 meters.
However, the average altitude of the entire plateau of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is more than 4,000 meters, and the relative altitude of Mount Everest is only more than 2,000 meters when you look at Mount Everest in the mountaineering camp.
On the contrary, the emperor only had it when he went to Mount Tai."Inherit the mandate of heaven and set the Central PlainsIt is no wonder that the rulers of all dynasties have taken the trouble to climb Mount Tai to seal Zen and worship the sky.
Therefore, the ancients depicted the height of the mountain, and could not say the specific number, but they could depict itThe mountain height gives the feeling
Like Du Fu said Mount Tai".It will be the top of the mountain, and the mountains will be seen at a glance”；Xu Xiake wrote that the incense burner peak of Lushan "has the state of hibiscus inserting into the sky,The lonely peak rises up, and there is no leaning on all sides
That someone said,HuashanActuallyThe relative height is higherAh, 2154 above sea level9 meters, which is higher than the average elevation of the streets of Huayin City, Shaanxi Province (about 550 meters).1604 meters, why did the ancients go to Mount Tai.
The view of Mount Hua is also very good, but it is not as easy to climb as Mount Tai.
Is there a possibility that the ancients really couldn't climb the altitude of Mount Hua. And Mount Tai can not only climb up, but also overlook the Huanghuai Sea and the Great Plains, so the ancients favored Mount Tai more.
The location of Mount Tai is more obvious on this topographic map.
China's topography rises from east to west, rising step by step, and Mount Tai on the third ladder has no advantage in altitude.
By location
Oriental people have their own "Oriental" feelings
In addition to the height difference, the unique geographical location also makes Taishan's "status" to a higher level.
Open the map of China, it is not difficult to see that Mount Tai is locatedThe eastern coast of ChinaOrientalIn ancient times, it was very particular, yesThe place where all things are born, expensive forThe head of the five parties
Therefore, Mount Tai, as the east of the five mountains, should naturally be in the first place.
The location of Mount Tai from a map of China.
And so is the EastThe sun risesThe ancients have always had a worship complex for the sun.
The center of the "Sun God Bird" is the sun that shoots out flames, which shows the worship and eulogy of the ancient Shu people to the sun and the sun god.
In the past, the ancients had to rely on this great ball of fire because it brought light and warmth, harvest and hope. Later the sun gradually becameA symbol of majesty, the embodiment of a monarch
Sunrise over Mount Tai. Nowadays, many people climb Mount Tai to watch the sunrise, perhaps it is some kind of innateSun feelings
Mount Tai is located in the East + Sun Complex, these two buffs are too attractive to the emperors of the past dynasties, and they perfectly fit the kind of "grade" that the emperor wants.
Crooked question, suddenly thought of Dongfang Qingcang in "Canglan Jue".
In the Five Elements Theory,".Cyan"It also represents the East; “Cang"It can also refer to cyan. So, the name covers three representations".HonorableThe words are very much in line with his character as the overlord of the Three Realms.
The blessing of the land of Qilu
The perspective is pulled back from the Chinese map. Tarzan is located inCentral part of Shandong Province, to which it belongsTai'an CityIt is located between the three cities of Tai'an, Jinan and Zibo.
This piece of Tarzan is locatedThe land of QiluWith a long history, superior location and rich culture, it is simply the chosen place of Mount Tai.
Taishan and Tai'an cities.
Once upon a time, the area around Mount Tai wasDongyi peopleThe territory of the legend Dongyi isDescendants of Emperor Yan
Later, during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, they merged with the descendants of the Yellow Emperor west of the Taihang Mountains and in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which we are familiar withDescendants of Yan and Huang
Mount Tai stone dare to be the ancient people's spirit stone worship of the relics, to a small stone tablet (or small stone man) to stand on the bridge road to rush or build on the wall of the house, carved "stone dare to be" or "Taishan stone dare to be" and the like, in order to prohibit the pressure of ominous.
The "Shi Kangdang" custom is distributed in a wide area, with the Taishan area of Shandong Province as the center, and gradually spread to all parts of the country.
There are in the history of the land of ChinaKyushuThe division, according to legend, was made by Xia Chuyu, which冀, 豫, 青, 兖 (yǎn), XuThe five states are all in the surrounding area near Mount Tai.
This is drawn with reference to the "Yugong Kyushu Map" on the "Historical Map of China" edited by Cheng Guangyu and Xu Shengmo.
The scope of Kyushu not only includes the Yellow River Basin, the Huai River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin and other vast areas, but also the Northwest Frontier Region today.
Source: "Chinese Heritage" 2018 Issue 09.
Therefore, Mount Tai, which is backed by the land of Qilu, has become one of the main birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization. Not only that, but also around TarzanIt gave birth to a civilized river
Tarzan itsThe Yellow River is in the west, itsThe north is Jishui, itsThe south is the Huai River and the Yangtze River。The climate here is warm and moist, rich in water and heat resources, which is very conducive to the growth of all things, and for thousands of years, it has been the political, economic and cultural center of the East.
Jidu Temple, Jiyuan City, Henan Province.
Jishui is called the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Huai RiverFour blasphemy
In ancient times, the status of Jishui was very strong, but in the fifth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1855), after the Yellow River captured the Qing River, Jishui disappeared completely.
And TarzanThe location is also very good, it can be connectedCentral Plains region to Shandong Peninsula, tooNorth and SouthA hub for transportation. The accessibility is good, so it also gathers a lot of businessmen and migrants.
Not to mention Qilu culture, under the influence of a number of cultural giants such as Confucius, Mozi, Mencius, etc., Qi culture and Lu culture continued to integrate and eventually formedQilu culture
Mount Tai, where Confucius ascended.
It can be said that the root of Taishan culture isQilu culture。The best way to fully reflect the Qilu culture is the Taishan cultureGuotai Min'an
The inscription of Guotai Min'an on Mount Tai is located in the Zhangren Peak in the northwest of the Jade Emperor Peak.
It can be seen that our Taishan not only has good conditions, but also the Qilu land behind it is also its best "foundation".
By the bottom line
Mount Tai, which occupies all the advantages of time and place, is naturally indispensablepeople
can push Tarzan to".National Mountain"In this position, it is mainly from all dynastiesThe emperor's preference for Tarzan
There were 72 kings of China who visited Mount TaiWill be princes, set a big position, and engrave stone marks。On Mount Tai, a dazzling array of cliff masterpieces are all over the mountain rocks, just like oneThe stone book of history
The citywalk of the ancients: climb Mount Tai, engrave the mark.
Feng Chan DaiyueIt has always been a major event of the emperors of the past dynasties, and there are in historyThe emperors of the six dynasties came to Mount Tai to seal Zen。Mount Tai has thus gained supreme status and dignity.
Feng Zen: The so-called "seal" refers to the construction of soil on the mountain as an altar to worship the sky, and the so-called "Zen" refers to the sacrifice of the earth. In fact, it is the ancient Chinese emperors who sacrificed to heaven and earth in times of peace and prosperity or auspicious times from the sky.
Why did the emperor take the trouble to come to Mount Tai, and even use Mount Tai as a place of worship?
Dai Temple is located at the southern foot of Mount Tai, commonly known as "Dongyue Temple".
Founded in the Han Dynasty, it is the place where the emperors of the past dynasties held the ceremony of sealing Zen and worshiping the god of Mount Tai.
The two parts mentioned earlier, namely the field of vision and location (located in the east, backed by the land of Qilu) are the reasons, but this is far from enough, if Mount Tai does not have the ability to "reach the sky", how can the emperor be so rare.
Eh, don't say it, Tarzan is really capableThroughout(a little pun intended).
Chinese have always had a kind of worship for mountains, the ancients believed, butVan Gogh's mountains can be connected to the sky
And Mount Tai, in the eyes of the ancients, is a mountain that can reach the sky. Just take a look at Tarzan".Celestial StreetIn that paragraph, the reason for this can be understood.
At the Taishan Heavenly Street, there seems to be a feeling of reaching the sky.
Mount Tai is not only believed to be able to pass through the sky, the ancient seventy-two kings sacrificed to Mount Tai's historical rumors, but also Mount Tai covered".Orthodoxy"Colors.
Qin Shi Huang, who completed the great cause of unification, in factRise to the WestXiyue HuashanA stone's throw away.
However, when the Qin Dynasty was established, Qin Shi Huang ran non-stopDongyue TaishanHeld the ceremony of "sealing" Mount Tai and "Zen" Liang's father (the hill under Mount Tai).
Tarzan sea of clouds. Why was he in such a hurry to go to the Great East to seal Zen? Because Qin has always been considered by the six eastern countries to be the country of Yidi, because of the orthodoxy of Mount Tai, Feng Taishan, in a senseConqueredIn the East, he inherited the orthodox throne
It's equivalent to Qin Shi Huang telling everyone, after sealing Zen, I am also a person with status, and the whole world has been unified by me.
Since then,Feng Zen Mount Taibecame the emperor who created a new dynastyCompulsory
After Qin Shi Huang,Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty Liu Xiu, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty Li Zhi, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty Li Longji, and Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty Zhao HengAlso to Mount Tai to seal Zen.
Mount Tai cliff stone carving, Tang Xuanzong sealed the Zen Mount Tai sacrificial text "Ji Taishan Ming".
Tang Xuanzong, who had the dream of reviving the Tang Dynasty, personally wrote a thousand words and founded the most imperial cliff.
Can any emperor go to that Feng Zen? Not really. In the past, the ancients had to be productive when they sacrificed to their ancestors, and the emperor had to have achievements in sacrificing heaven and earth.
To be able to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen is mainly to satisfy thisThree conditions
1.dynastic change, national unity;
2.During the reign of the emperor, there were good political achievements, such as the prosperity of the country and the strength of the people;
3.There are auspicious and auspicious signs.
But there are exceptions, that isThe third emperor of the Song Dynasty, Song Zhenzong, he is a nest emperor who has won a battle and has to pay reparations - signed the "Abyss Alliance".
The purpose of his enshrinement of Mount Tai isPingSilence the discussion of the whole country。Means of obtaining the qualification for canonization:Self-directed and self-acted
Song Zhenzong first directed a series of plays: there are heavenly books that come to the world one after anotherAuspicious and represented- Purple clouds appear in the sky of the palace; Various places also reported the appearance of auspicious rui, and wrote to the imperial court, asking Zhenzong to seal Zen. With the auspicious drama directed by himself, Song Zhenzong "obtained" the qualification to seal Zen as he wished.
Huge mural - "Enlightenment and Return to Luan".
Painted all over the three walls of the temple of Dai Temple, but see the god of Mount Tai with the Son of Heaven to guard the patrol, return to Luan, the front hug the back cluster, magnificent, just like Song Zhenzong, the grand occasion of the great enclosure of Mount Tai.
This painting is said to be the first work of the Song Dynasty, and later generations have traced and repainted.
Source: "Chinese Heritage" 2014 Issue 11.
It can be said that Mount Tai has frequently made meritorious contributions in the history of stabilizing the imperial industry and stabilizing the regime in ancient China. In this regard alone, Tarzan is the only one to giveThe first mountain of the dynastyNational Mountain
Mount Tai, which was loved by the emperors, was also worshiped by the literatiTaishan literature started almost at the same time as Chinese literature
There are verses praising Mount Tai in the Book of Songs - "Mount Tai Rock Rock, Lu Bang Zhan." ”；The sage Confucius loved Mount Tai, and the well-known writers in Chinese history did not climb Mount Tai in person and left poems and texts.
Taishan Confucius Temple.
So the name of Mount Tai engraved on the stone is more and more, and it continues to increase day after day. Left behindThe rest of the ancient buildings, more than 2,200 steles and stone carvings, so that Mount Tai has become "the first in the world".
The stone carving is located in the middle of Mount Tai, these four characters are in block letters, which is the Qing Dynasty Guangxu Ding Wei period (AD 1907) byThaiAnfu clanJade composition inscription book.
Therefore, whether it is from the field of vision, or the geographical location, or the history and culture it contains, Mount Tai is a well-deserved five mountains C position.
Why we love Mount Tai so much, perhaps it is the worship and admiration engraved in our blood.
References] 1] Liu Ling. Taishan culture and Qi and Lu culture[J].Qilu Journal,1999(03):116-120
2] Liu Bing. Research on human landscape and space in the mountainous area of Taishan historical and cultural axis[D].Shandong Agricultural University, 2014
3] Song Hongmei. The Historical Transmutation of the Archetypal Image of the Sun[D].Shandong Normal University, 2005
4] Wang Shougong. Archaeological Observations of Sun Worship in Ancient China[J].Central Plains Cultural Relics,2001(06):39-44
5] Niu ZhenglanMount Tai is so short, why is it the first of the five mountains. Zhihu. 2023-07
6] Poetry and the Starry SkyMount Tai is so short, why is it the first of the five mountains. Zhihu. 2017-09
7] Zhou Ying, Yang Geng. Mount Tai is the unyielding capital mountain of the dynasty. Chinese heritage. Issue 11, 2014.
8] Shan Zhi Qiang. Prologue The ancients did not love extremely high mountains. China National Geographic. Issue 09, 2003.
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