——Preface·]—
When it comes to smelly, foodies will think: snail noodles, stinky tofu, durian, etcUnlike these smelly and fragrant foods, there are still a lot of "dark dishes" nowadaysSuch as bean juice, canned herring, blue cheese, beef shriveled and so on, take a bite to "spiral**".
And today I'm going to talk about the smell of animalsThey can be called "walking biochemicals"., the stench emitted challenges all the species around it, and can even make people stink to the point of temporary blindness, directly doubting life!
King of the Prairie, LionLiving on the arid and hot continent of Africa, the daytime temperature is as high as 30°C, and the rainfall in a year is only 750 milliliters, which can be said to be a lack of water.
As a predator at the top of the food chain,Lions do not lose agility because of their size, and their weight of 190 to 250 kilograms does not affect their dreamlike running speed, and it is the dual influence of this living environment and their own physiological characteristics that makes lions inevitably exude a unique odor.
The fierce sun shines on the whole land, and the high temperature makes the volatile organic compounds in the oil secretions, sweat and feces on the surface of animals** volatilize rapidly, and lions are no exception.
They prefer to live in groups of grasslands, and a lion pack can be made up of 8 to 30 lions, and their collective lifestyle makes it difficult to manage sanitation and individual cleanlinessLions' sweat glands are weak, and it is difficult to dissipate excess heat through **, which requires them to adjust their life and rest to cope.
In addition, the proportion of lions eating carrion is as high as 60%.When a herd of lions sit around their fresh or rotting prey, the scene is horrible—bloodstained floors, fighting each other for food, gobbling up, and eating extremely ugly, such a two-hour gluttony that makes them smell even stronger.
After eating and drinking, lions do not bathe or clean their bodies, but sleep together on the spot, such high temperatures and sweat can not be dissipated, coupled with the dirty living environment, so that the lion has a large number of flies, these insects swirl around the lion in groups, especially around the head is the most dense.
The scarcity of water also prevents lions from washing their bodies as often, and they are extremely careful when going to rivers or lakes to drinkBecause dangerous predators such as crocodiles or hippos can lurk in the water, lions rarely frolic near the water, let alone swim or bathe, to avoid being dragged into the water and drowned.
They also have a peculiar ecological behavior, which is the scope of the declared territoryThe boundaries of the area are marked with a large amount of feces and urine, which will undoubtedly fill the entire lion living area with a more pungent smell. The hot, dry climate, scarce water sources, and the need to survive as apex predators make it difficult for lions to have a clean and decent life.
The spotted hyena is a very common carnivore in the African savannahIn their group, the status of males is very low, and they can only be used as followers and hitchhikers in the group, and due to the competition of the food chain, spotted hyenas often clash with lions.
The spotted hyena is also known as the "second brother of Africa"., pointing out its ugly appearance and cruel and cunning survival strategy, why is it described as such? The most important point is that the long-term consumption of carrion gives the spotted hyena a foul smell that is unbearable for many beasts.
In the process of predation, spotted hyenas often use team combat and encirclement and interception, with a dedicated member responsible for attracting the attention of the prey, and other members taking the opportunity to attack the most vulnerable parts of the prey - the abdomen and **,Even strong people like lions or elephants are extremely sensitive to this area.
So in the African savannah, it's not uncommon to see a pack of spotted hyenas killing hippos or rhinos, which are not afraid of any other animal, so to speakOnly spotted hyenas have the guts and are adept at this nasty way of predation.
In addition to predation strategies,Spotted hyenas also secrete a type of mucus called "hyena butter"., which emits a disgusting odor and can adhere to weeds and drift away in the wind for up to four kilometers, serving as a means of communication between groups of spotted hyenas.
This unique secretion of spotted hyenas,Scientifically known as the "spotted hyena marker pheromone", it is an oily substance produced by its ** gland, this pheromone has a complex chemical composition and contains a variety of volatile fatty acids and sulfides, which work together to produce a strong odor.
When a spotted hyena discovers a new source of water or prey, it leaves its own scent mark on the site, informing its companions that there are resources to shareThis pheromone also helps to reduce intra-group fighting, as it allows individuals to identify other members and thus avoid unnecessary conflicts.
The smell is unusually pungent for humans, but for spotted hyenas it is an effective means for them to identify each other, mark their territory and convey information, hyenas are social animals, a group can accommodate dozens of individuals, when a certain animal is surrounded by such a large size of spotted hyenas, even if a single strength can not escape the fate of being besieged to death.
In the savannah's food chain, the relationship between the spotted hyena and the lion pack is particularly complex, as they often sneak up on and hunt lion cubs for food supplies, but in the lion pack, it is difficult for them to swallow the flesh of the spotted hyena, even if they are hungryBecause of the long-term consumption of carrion, the meat of the spotted hyena has an unbearable stench.
The ring-tailed lemur is a unique primate that inhabits AfricaTheir facial features resemble those of foxes, with darker colors around their eyes and mouth, and ring-tailed lemurs have a slightly smaller head compared to their size, mostly gray or light brown fur on the outside of their back and limbs, and white on their belly and inner limbs.
The most striking feature is the large tail with distinct color patches, which is much longer than the torso, and the head and body length of an adult ring-tailed lemur are about 50 centimeters, but the tail can be more than 50 centimeters long, and the weight is maintained at about 2 kilograms.
Despite belonging to the primates with a higher IQ,The ring-tailed lemur does not pay much attention to personal hygiene, and even smells worse than the body odor of the hyena, which is mainly due to the three special stinky glands on their bodies, located in ** and the armpits on both sides, ring-tailed lemurs have a lively and active personality, and the stinky glands will also secrete a large amount of dirty liquid with the increase of exercise.
The stinky glands of male monkeys are also significantly more developed than those of female monkeys, and the smell emitted is more pungentWhen a ring-tailed lemur colony feels in danger, all members release a maximum foul odor at the same time to drive away enemiesOn sunny mornings, ring-tailed lemurs seek out an open and warm meadow where they spread their limbs and expose their bellies and thighs to enjoy the sun's comfort.
This unique way of getting in the sun not only helps to raise body temperature, but also boosts the production of vitamin D, which is essential for their bone healthIn the lazy sunlight, ring-tailed lemurs make a slight hissing sound, which is one of their ways of communicating, asserting their territory or showing their comfort to their companions.
As the sun rises, the males also come alive, showing themselves near the females, attracting attention with exaggerated jumps and various posesThe males also use their well-developed stinky glands to release a strong body odor, which is an important pheromone for ring-tailed lemurs, not only marking the male's territory, but also conveying information about their health and reproductive ability.
In order to win the favor of the female monkeys, the male monkeys will compete with each other for the concentration and persistence of body odor, in the process, they will constantly rub their odor glands and apply the smell on trees or grass to extend the range and time of the smell, and the male monkeys will also compete for the best courtship position through fierce fights, and the winning male monkeys can show their body odor more effectively, so as to attract more female monkeys.
When the female monkey is attracted to the body odor of the male monkey, she will approach the male monkey and sniff his body carefully, assess his suitability as a potential mate, and if the mother monkey is satisfied with the body odor of the male monkey, she may allow the male monkey to approach and engage in further intimate behavior.
Skunk, a cute little animal, has a super strong smell that does not match its appearance, and this smell is so strong that it is completely beyond the imagination of ordinary peopleThere was once a photographer who tried to get close to the skunk for a documentary, but it farted and instantly squatted on the ground and wept, the skunk smell is extremely powerful and can make humans extremely uncomfortable.
Studies have shown that the skunk's odor is mainly due to a special gland at which a large amount of mercaptans, carboxylic acid thiol esters and methylquinoline are stored, which not only smell bad and pungent, but also stimulate the senses of mammalsIt causes symptoms such as temporary blindness of the eyes and central nervous system paralysis, even creatures within a radius of 800 meters could not escape the doom of being affected.
The skunk's smell is regarded as a good self-defense**, and once it encounters a threat, it will release an unpleasant gas, and the power of this gas lies in its strong foul odor, which makes the skunk a "social insulator".It takes at least a month for a person to return to normal after being attacked by it, and during this time, the victim experiences symptoms such as irritation, eye pain, and respiratory discomfort.
So in the wild, few animals dare to provoke a skunk, and even larger predators, such as wolves or coyotes, would rather go hungry than hunt it, and although they are higher in the food chain than skunks, they can only be deterred by the skunk's chemical defense mechanism.
But the amazing thing is that there is a law of mutual restraint in natureThe skunk's biggest natural predator is the American eagle owl, a large owl that lives in North America, this bird does not have an olfactory system and is therefore immune to the skunk's stench, the American eagle owl has excellent night vision and powerful claws that are able to quickly lock on and catch the skunk in the air.
When the skunk releases its stench, this has no effect on the American eagle owl because it cannot smell the scent, and when confronted by the skunk, the American eagle owl becomes almost invincible.
Compared with other animals that emit odors, such as weasels, the smell of skunks is undoubtedly superior, its special ** gland, can spray yellow liquid with strong irritating ingredients, the range and power are far beyond that of weasels, among the many animals that can make odors, skunks can be described as the best.
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