How did the Song Dynasty fall? After all, the Song Dynasty was divided into the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, and if the Southern Song Dynasty was gone, the Song Dynasty as a whole would be gone, and the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty would be the end of the Song Dynasty.
The Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty were also well distinguished, with the Northern Song Dynasty being the Song Dynasty regime established in the north, and the Southern Song Dynasty being the Song Dynasty regime established in the south. The capital of the Northern Song Dynasty was Kaifeng, and the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was Hangzhou.
Let's talk about the Northern Song Dynasty first. The Northern Song Dynasty was founded in 960 and fell in 1127. The founding emperor was Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, and the last emperor was Zhao Huan of Song Qinzong.
Zhao Huan of Song Qinzong (1100-1156), the ninth emperor of the Song Dynasty, the last emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, the eldest son of Zhao Ji of Song Huizong, and his mother Empress Xiangong.
Born on April 13 in the third year of Yuan Fu (1100), the first name was Zhao Kang, the title of the Duke of Korea, the king of Jingzhao County in June of the following year, the first year of Daguan (1107) Jin Jue Dingwang, the fifth year of Daguan (1111) was established as the prince, the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125), worshiped Kaifeng Mu, and soon was enthroned by Song Huizong Chan, changed to Yuan Jingkang.
Indecisive and capricious, lacking judgment and sensitivity to political issues. He was a cowardly and incompetent faint monarch in history, who listened to the slander of traitorous ministers and deposed Li Gang. When the Jin soldiers besieged Bianjing, he was powerless to resist. Jingkang was captured by the Jin people and went north, and died of illness in Yanjing in the twenty-sixth year of Shaoxing (1156), at the age of 57, and was buried in Yongxian Mausoleum.
The direct cause of the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty came from the armed attack of the Jin Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty was founded by the Jurchens. The Jurchens originated from the Heishui Jin Dynasty, and Wanyan Aguta (Wanyan Min) was the founding emperor of the Jin Dynasty, who unified the Jurchen tribes and rebelled against the Liao, and established the Jin Dynasty in 1115 at Huining Mansion in Shangjing (present-day Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province).
In 1122, the war between the Jin Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty broke out, and the Jin Dynasty army drove straight into the Song Dynasty and captured a large part of the Song Dynasty's land. In 1127, the Jin Dynasty army broke through the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, Tokyo (now Kaifeng), captured the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty and a large number of **, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished.
Let's talk about the Southern Song Dynasty. After the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the emperor's family was still there, and the country could not be left without an owner for a day, and Zhao Gou (1107-1187), Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, ascended the throne in Nanjing (now Shangqiu, Henan) in the first year of Shaoxing (1131), and called himself "Emperor Taishang".
The last emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty was Emperor Zhao Xian (1271-1323), who was canonized as "Emperor Gong of Song" under the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, and later committed suicide due to the persecution of the Yuan Dynasty.
In fact, the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, everyone usually says that in the Battle of Yashan in 1279, the forty-four-year-old Lu Xiufu committed suicide by jumping into the sea with the little emperor Zhao Yu, who was only 7 years old, on his back, which was the real demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty meant the rise of Mongolia, that is, the rise of the Yuan Dynasty.
For example, the GDP of the Song Dynasty accounts for 65% of the world, but it is still chased and fought by the Mongols, which can be regarded as synonymous with waste.