Neutrophils, as a key component of our body's immune system, are produced from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. These multinucleated white blood cells play a vital role in the fight against pathogen invasion, and they form the first line of defense of our immune system. An increase in the number of neutrophils can manifest in two distinct patterns: acute and chronic.
The causes of the acute increase are varied, including:
1.Infections: infections caused by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, rickettsia, spirochetes, and certain viruses;
2.Inflammation or tissue necrosis: conditions such as burns, electric shocks, trauma, infarction, gout, antigen-antibody complexes, complement activation, and vasculitis;
3.Drugs and hormones: including epinephrine, benzolone, corticosteroids, and colony-stimulating factors;
4.Physical factors: such as cold, heat, exercise, convulsions, pain, childbirth, surgery, anesthesia, etc.;
5.Emotional stimuli: strong emotions such as fear, irritation, and nervousness may also cause neutrophilia;
6.Poisoning and toxins: lead, mercury, snake venom, black spiders, insect toxins and endotoxins, etc.;
7.Acute blood loss: Acute blood loss can cause a stress response in the body, leading to neutrophilia.
Causes of chronic increase include:
1.Inflammation or tissue necrosis: chronic inflammatory reactions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, vasculitis, myositis, colitis, pancreatitis, dermatitis, thyroiditis, infarction, drug susceptibility, periodontitis and sweet syndrome, etc.;
2.Infection: neutrophilia may persist after acute infection;
3.Tumors: including gastrointestinal, bronchial, breast, liver, kidney, pancreas, urinary tract and squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma, brain tumor, melanoma, multiple myeloma and bone marrow metastases, etc.
4.Drugs, hormones, and toxins: long-term exposure to many substances such as lithium chloride that can cause acute myelocytosis;
5.Metabolic and endocrine diseases: such as eclampsia, hyperthyroidism, uremia, ACTH or corticosteroid hypersecretion, and diabetic acidosis;
6.Blood diseases: such as agranulocytosis or megaloblastic anemia** convalescence, chronic hemolysis, post-splenectomy, myeloproliferative tumors, chronic idiopathic leukocytosis, etc.;
7.Hereditary and congenital disorders: such as Down syndrome, etc.
Increased neutrophils may be the body's response to various diseases and conditions. Therefore, when neutrophilia is found during the physical examination, it should be paid attention to and communicated with the doctor in time in order to find out the underlying cause and accept the corresponding **. Healthy lifestyle habits and regular check-ups can help us detect and deal with these problems early. In addition, understanding the causes of neutrophilia helps us better understand the health of our body so that we can take appropriate measures to maintain our health.