Figs are a nutritious and unique fruit, with high medicinal value and health care functions. Growing figs requires mastering certain skills and pruning precautions, and the following will introduce in detail the planting tips and pruning precautions of figs to help you successfully grow healthy, productive figs.
Land selection and land preparation.
Choose a sandy loam with a deep soil, good aeration, and good drainage as the planting site for figs. Before planting, deep ploughing and land preparation, applying an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer, and doing a good job of drainage and irrigation facilities.
Methods of reproduction. The propagation methods of figs include cuttings, dividing and stripping. Propagation by cuttings takes place in the spring, where healthy shoots are selected, inserted into the soil, moistened and ready to take root after about a month. Spread propagation is carried out in early spring, and the tillers germinated at the root of the mother plant are separated from the mother plant and planted. Strip propagation takes place in the summer, burying the branches close to the ground in the soil, maintaining humidity, and cutting off the mother plant after rooting.
Transplanting and management.
Before transplanting, the fig seedlings are put into pots, filled with culture soil, watered thoroughly, and then moved into the field for cultivation. After planting, it is necessary to pay attention to timely watering, fertilization, pruning and other management measures to promote the growth and development of figs.
Fertilization management. Fig fertilization is mainly organic fertilizer, with appropriate chemical fertilizer. During the growth period, an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied to promote root development and tree growth. At the same time, trace elements should be supplemented in time according to soil conditions to meet the needs of fig growth.
Pest and disease control.
The main pests and diseases of figs are anthracnose, aphids, longhorn beetles, etc. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it is necessary to adopt the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control", strengthen field management, and improve tree resistance; At the same time, biological pesticides and chemical pesticides are used for prevention and control, and diseased branches, leaves and fruits are removed in time.
Trimming time. The pruning time for figs is mainly in spring and winter. Spring pruning refers to pruning before the budding stage, mainly to adjust the shape of the tree and control the canopy; Winter pruning refers to pruning after the leaves have fallen, mainly to prune diseased, weak and overlapping branches to promote the ventilation of the tree.
Pruning method. The pruning method of figs should be different according to different growth stages. The young tree stage is mainly plastic pruning to make the crown structure reasonable; Adult trees are mainly pruned with weak branches, old branches, dead branches and diseased branches to promote the growth and fruiting of new branches. The senescence stage is mainly to prune senescent branches and renew backbone branches to promote the rejuvenation of the tree.
Growth is balanced with fruit.
The growth of the fig tree should be balanced with the fruiting. When pruning, it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, which should not only ensure the normal growth of the tree, but also ensure the yield and quality of fruits. For overgrown trees, some branches can be appropriately thinned to promote flowering and fruiting; For trees that grow too weakly, the number of branches and nutrient supply can be appropriately increased to improve the yield and quality.
Ventilation and lighting.
Ventilation and lighting of fig trees have an important impact on growth and fruiting. When pruning, the branches should be reasonably arranged according to the tree shape and growth environment, so that the inside and lower parts of the canopy can get sufficient sunlight; At the same time, it is necessary to keep the tree transparent and avoid staggering and overlapping branches, so as to facilitate ventilation. Good ventilation and lighting conditions can improve the yield and quality of figs and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
Pest control combined with pruning.
In the process of pruning, it is necessary to pay attention to observe whether there are pests and diseases in the tree, and take timely control measures once found. For branches with pests and diseases, they should be pruned in time and treated intensively; For trees with serious pests and diseases, measures such as spraying pesticides can be taken to prevent and control them. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen field management, improve tree resistance, and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases.
In conclusion, mastering the planting skills and pruning precautions of figs is the key to healthy growth and high yield of figs. In the planting process, it is necessary to pay attention to the management measures of land selection, land preparation, selection of propagation methods, transplanting management, fertilization and pest control; In the process of pruning, attention should be paid to the selection of pruning time, the application of pruning methods, the balance of growth and fruiting, and the reasonable allocation of ventilation and lighting. With proper planting and pruning management, you can successfully grow healthy, productive figs that provide high-quality fig fruits for home or commercial production.
Fig tree