Scenery of Yundang Lake. Information**.
In Maluan Bay Ecological Three Islands Park, sanitation workers are salvaging garbage on the river. Photo by reporter Yang Yifu Guangming**.
Xiamen East Coastal Tourism Romantic Line. Information**.
The sea around Gulangyu Island is vast, and the sea water is ...... waves”
On the lush Egret Island in Xiamen, Fujian Province, an elegant egret goddess sits on a reef surrounded by clear water, her long hair fluttering, staring at the waves of the blue sea, accompanied by a lovely egret. Legend has it that the beautiful and brave Egret Goddess was the guardian of Egret Island, and after several days of fighting, she defeated the vicious shark spirit and brought peace to the land.
The mountains, rivers, forests and lakes are connected with the blue sea, and the tide of the heron island rises into the painting. Today, the concept of ecological priority and green development, like the goddess of the egret, guards the bay city of Xiamen, making this beautiful land radiant and full of vitality.
The tide of Egret Island rises and the butterflies change
On the shore of Yundang Lake, the head of Egret Island. Raise your eyes, the sky is as clean as washing; In the distance, the blue waves ripple. In the warm winter sun, the refreshing sea breeze blows on the cheeks, and the faint fragrance of bamboo disappears from time to time. In the Jin Dynasty, Zuo Si "Wu Du Fu" has clouds: "Bamboo is a bamboo and a gui arrow shooter", around Xiamen Yundang Lake, surrounded by this kind of green bamboo, high and upward, there is a state of Lingxiao; Standing in the wind, there is the sound of gold and jade.
Here, it is the Ming Dynasty celebrity Chi Xianfang's pen "stingray Yungang ripe winter"; It is the Qing Dynasty literati Huang Riji's eyes of "Yundang Zhihai collection fisherman, the light at night". Every autumn and winter, schools of fish swim in from the sea, and on moonlit nights, the boats that come to fish light up thousands of fishing fires, and the water surface is like scattered stars in the sky, shining brightly. Yundang fishing fire is one of the eight views of Xiamen in the Qing Dynasty.
Yundang Port in the past, Yundang Lake today.
Centuries ago, fishermen here lived off the sea, and a small harbor witnessed their harvest, and the flickering fishing fires in the middle of the night were their hopes for a better life.
In the 70s of the 20th century, because of the reclamation of land from the sea and the construction of embankments and lakes, Yundang Port was no longer connected to the sea, and became a relatively closed and only 1The lagoon with a water surface of 6 square kilometers was renamed Yundang Lake. Moreover, because it is located in the core area of the city, there are hundreds of enterprises around Yundang Lake, many of which are even heavily polluting chemical plants. With the high-intensity construction and development around the lake area and the rapid growth of the population, Yundang Lake also bears the burden of flood discharge and drainage in the urban area.
In the past, Yundang Lake was really full of garbage, overgrown with weeds, overflowing sewage, mosquitoes and flies, and extinct fish and shrimp. "An old man in good spirits is being interviewed. The words "Citizen Lake Chief" on his blue vest are particularly eye-catching.
The old man's name is Chen Yajin, a retired teacher from Haicang Middle School in Xiamen, and he is also the "Citizen Lake Chief" of Yundang Lake and the "Citizen Chief" of Bailuzhou Park. He told me that the Yundang fishing fire was once ridiculed by the citizens as "Yundang annoyance", and the environmental pollution made the citizens quite annoyed.
Since 1988, in accordance with the 20-character policy of "governing the lake according to law, intercepting and treating pollution, dredging and building banks, invigorating water bodies, and beautifying the environment", Xiamen has opened the road of ecological restoration and management of Yundang Lake.
Under the Nanhu Park on the shore of Yundang Lake, a scale 2The 50,000-ton underground reinforced concrete storage tank can not only be used to store initial rainwater, but also reduce pollutants entering the lake. Xiamen's water treatment has achieved three-dimensional development of aboveground and underground space, and one place is dual-purpose. This is especially valuable for the smallest city in Fujian Province by land area.
Over the past 36 years, after five phases of comprehensive management, Yundang Lake has basically realized the transformation from point to surface, from underwater to shore, and from single management to joint governance.
Yundang Lake is the 'baby' of Xiamen citizens! As long as I am in Xiamen, I will come every day, and if I don't come, I will not be sure! Lao Chen looked at the Yundang Lake behind him, his eyes full of pride. After saying that, he continued his patrol three times a day. From "Yundang annoyance" to "citizen baby", many citizens, like Lao Chen, actively responded to the call and did their part for the governance of Yundang Lake.
In the past, everyone covered their noses and walked away from the stinky water lake, which has become the golden business card of Xiamen. The Yundang Academy on the shore of Yundang Lake has become one of the venues for BRICS events, witnessing the 2017 BRICS Summit Heads of State Meeting.
The next day, we met Lao Chen who came to patrol the lakeside again. Behind him, on a row of hibiscus trees, it seemed as if a white cloud was perched. Suddenly, the clouds floated up, revealing their slender legs and spreading their wide wings, which turned out to be egrets. Lao Chen told me that every night, more than 2,000 egrets fly to the lakeside.
It's really "Heron Island"!
The clear water of Yundang Lake and the egrets flying high on the lakeside have witnessed the vivid practice of Xiamen's ecological civilization construction together with the citizens of Xiamen.
As the sun sets, the surface of the lake shimmers. The choir organized by the citizens of Xiamen spontaneously came to Yundang Lake, and they played musical instruments, sang and sang, or sang and danced. The songs sung include "Love Fights to Win" with southern Fujian characteristics, as well as the red classic "Sing a mountain song to the party, I compare the party to my mother".
When night fell, a landscape light was lit up, and many fitness citizens were ushered in on the trail around the lake. Today's Yundang Lake has become a favorite leisure and entertainment place for citizens, without the fishing fire in ancient times, but it has added fireworks in the world. This bay of clear water has long been integrated into the life of Xiamen people.
The lights on both sides of the strait are like day, and the smoke and waves reflect the heavy building. The waterfront is the same color, like swimming in a dream.
The Yundang night in the new era tells one moving story after another of ecological governance, giving Xiamen citizens a full sense of happiness.
The garden on the sea nurtures all things together
The city is on the sea, and the sea is in the city. Xiamen is a sea garden, Haicang Bay, Xinglin Bay, Wuyuan Bay, Tong'an Bay, Maluan Bay surround Xiamen, one bay after another, and there are bays in the bays.
Beauticians at sea guard the bay of Xiamen and guard the blue of Xiamen.
At the Xidi Sanitation Wharf, a sanitation ship of more than 200 tons is preparing to go to sea for routine sea drifting garbage salvage operations. Lao Yang, the captain of the ship operation team, in addition to paying attention to the route, his eyes were also firmly fixed on the display screen, which was a device for monitoring floating garbage on the ship. "* There is sea drifting garbage, we will go to **. Initially, Lao Yang and his colleagues only inspected the waters west of Xiamen, but with the development of the city, now about 230 square kilometers of coastal waters are their cleaning area. "Although the area of the sea area we inspect has increased, the amount of garbage salvaged has been decreasing year by year. Speaking of these, Lao Yang was very pleased.
Collected at sea and disposed of on land. This is a professional marine cleaning team, which is responsible for the collection, transfer and disposal of marine garbage. The marine sanitation management station has more than 150 employees and cleaning workers, and is equipped with 4 sanitation wharves, 3 lifting and unloading points, 6 mechanized vessels, 3 patrol speedboats, and 48 small cleaning boats, cleaning up about 3,000 tons of floating garbage every year.
Nowadays, Xiamen's sea drifting garbage treatment has achieved remarkable results, and the distribution density of sea drifting garbage in Xiamen in 2023 is only 9663 square meters per kilometer, the lowest in Fujian Province. Xiamen's marine sanitation "four modernizations" sea drifting garbage management mechanism has been included in the national ecological civilization pilot zone reform measures and experience and practice list, promoted to the whole country, and is also internationally known as the "Xiamen model" and "Ludao sample".
If Yundang Lake is the city's living room, then many bays represented by Wuyuan Bay are the new urban living rooms that Xiamen has created for itself.
Walking in Wuyuanwan Wetland Park, you can see cormorants squatting on the reef everywhere, swans swimming elegantly, walking on the water-friendly wooden plank road, aquatic plants like silk, brocade scales swimming, and man and nature are integrated.
Since the middle of the 20th century, for the needs of national defense and economic development, Xiamen has built seawalls in many bay areas. With the transformation of development mode and the passage of time, the old-fashioned seawall has gradually become a shortcoming restricting urban development, objectively blocking the seawater exchange between the east and west seas of Xiamen, resulting in the siltation of the sea area and the serious deterioration of the ecological environment.
In recent years, Xiamen has launched a series of marine ecological restoration projects such as seawall opening renovation and sea area dredging, successively demolished Dadeng seawall and Zhongzhai seawall, and completed the transformation of Gaoji seawall opening of 1060 meters, Jixing seawall opening of 265 meters and Maluan seawall opening of 240 meters, with a cumulative amount of about 1700 million cubic meters, so that the artificially isolated sea area is unimpeded again, effectively realizing the exchange of water between sea areas, and significantly improving the water quality environment.
One bay and one policy, multiple measures at the same time, comprehensive development, the construction of Xiamen natural bay and emerging bay urban pattern. Among the first batch of typical cases of ecological product value realization announced by the Ministry of Natural Resources, "ecological restoration and comprehensive development of Wuyuanwan area" was listed as the first of 11 cases.
A city of spring and half a city of flowers, thousands of waves embrace the sea.
The protection of the bay has played an important role in the ecological balance and sustainable use of marine resources in Xiamen, and has also created a beautiful living environment for the citizens. Huang Xiaohong, deputy secretary of Jinlin Community, Jinshan Street, Huli District, Xiamen City, said that many bays that used to be "in the limelight and tails" like Wuyuan Bay have now become "feng shui treasures" suitable for living and working.
In this bay city, people, animals and plants live next to each other and love each other.
Qima Mountain, which is the location of the Wuyuanwan Chestnut-throated Bee-eater Nature Reserve in Xiamen, has nearly 200 species of plants in the reserve, attracting many birds to come to nest. Unlike other protected areas, this nature reserve is not in an inaccessible and secluded place, but in the middle of a city surrounded by high-rise buildings.
The chestnut-throated bee-eater is known as one of the most beautiful birds in China and is a national second-class protected wild animal. In order to protect them, Xiamen has specially formulated regulations to provide them with a comfortable environment as much as possible and reduce the impact of exhaust gases, strong lights, noise, etc.
At the top of the hillside of the reserve, there are many small holes in the mud wall, which are the homes of these beautiful creatures. Today, hundreds of chestnut-throated bee-eaters come to settle in the Wuyuanwan Chestnut-throated Bee-eater Nature Reserve every year, several times more than when the reserve was established.
Peng Zhiwei, president of the Xiamen Bird Watching Association, told us that the chestnut-throated bee-eater is a bird with bright plumage, a maroon throat, green wings and back, and a metallic sheen all over its body when exposed to sunlight. Due to the season, I couldn't get a glimpse of it. I thought it would be amazing if they flew out of the nest together!
There are 138 species of birds in this urban area, including 9 species of national second-class protected birds, which are the common home of all kinds of creatures.
The mudflats of the past have been transformed into charming bays today.
The blue sea and silver beach are one of the urban characteristics of Xiamen. In the past, due to natural and man-made reasons, Xiamen beaches were damaged to varying degrees, with siltation and dirty environment. In accordance with the principle of "suitable beaches are beaches", Xiamen took the lead in exploring and implementing coastal beach restoration projects. Since 2007, a total of 1.65 million square meters of coastal beaches have been restored, so that the beach can be retained, not muddy, and no sand.
* Beach, rainbow runway, coastal baths, total length 52The 6-kilometer Romantic Line around the East is intoxicating; The coastal wetland park, the plank road around the bay, and the marine culture square have become good places for leisure and entertainment for the masses; Cruise tours, sea fishing tours, sea tours and other leisure tourism products are rich and diverse; The 43-kilometer-long Huandao Road is near the sea and is known as the most beautiful marathon track in the world; Guanyinshan Beach regularly hosts activities such as the International Beach Volleyball Championship and the International Kite Festival, and its restoration project has been awarded the National Excellent Marine Engineering Award.
When you look up, it's a fresh blue, and when you look around, it's a pleasant green.
Since 2002, Xiamen has successively carried out the comprehensive improvement project of the West Sea Area, the Comprehensive Improvement Project of the East Sea Area, the Comprehensive Improvement Project of Xinglin Bay, the Comprehensive Improvement and Development Project of Haicang Bay, and the Comprehensive Improvement and Development Project of Maluan Bay, from passive response to active action, and since 2002, Xiamen has successively carried out the ......comprehensive improvement and development project of the West Sea Area, the Comprehensive Improvement and Development Project of the East Sea Area, the Xinglin Bay Comprehensive Treatment Project, the Haicang Bay Comprehensive Improvement and Development Project, and the Maluan Bay Comprehensive Improvement and Development Project
The beautiful bay and the harmony of the sea of people are not only the picture scroll, but also the answer sheet.
In Xiamen, a new pattern of charming bays with bays in the bay and sea and land embedded has been initially formed, with a romantic coastline winding and a warm garden city. In recent years, Xiamen has won 28 national and international honors in the field of ecology, such as the "United Nations Habitat Award", "International Garden City", "National Environmental Protection Model City", "National Ecological Garden City", "National Forest City" and "National Marine Ecological Civilization Construction Demonstration Zone".
In Wuyuan Bay, five bridges of different shapes attracted my attention: the Yen Bridge was full of traffic; The Tianyuan Bridge soars into the sky like a giant dragon; The round bridge is full of tourists; The round bridge resembles a long rainbow lying wave; The full moon bridge across the bay contrasts with the clouds.
Walking into the Thanksgiving Square at the end of Wuyuan Bay, I suddenly realized the ingenuity of the designer. "Heaven, earth, man, sun, and moon" are not the harmony between man and the universe? Isn't this beautiful world shared by the citizens with Silver Beach and Flying Birds just grateful for the beautiful symbiosis between man and nature?
Ecological protection and technology empowerment
Look, it's a white dolphin! ”
It's so cute! ”
Wow, I got it too! ”
There was a sudden boil on the deck. A few cute white dolphins are swimming and frolicking on the surface of the water, sometimes jumping up, drawing beautiful arcs in the air, and sometimes diving into the sea, creating ripples.
In this way, our group had a beautiful encounter with the Chinese white dolphin, a magical species known as the "giant panda of the sea".
After sailing at sea for about half an hour, we boarded Huojiao Island. This uninhabited island is the country's first white dolphin rescue and breeding base. As the name suggests, the rocks are reddish-brown and resemble a brilliant red glow under the sun.
The Chinese White Dolphin Science Museum on the burning island, the sculpture of "Dolphin Saving the Fisherman" in front of the museum is particularly vivid. A fisherman's girl, sitting on the backs of three white dolphins, looks affectionately at the beautiful bay at night.
Legend has it that the daughter of a fisherman here accidentally fell into the sea and was chased by a shark, and the white dolphin stepped forward to rescue the fisherman and drive the shark out of Xiamen Bay. Therefore, the white dolphin is known as the "Zhengang fish" and "Mazu fish" by the locals, and they believe that seeing the white dolphin when going out to sea means safety.
Xin Jianjun, a former researcher at the Xiamen Chinese White Dolphin Wenchang Fish Nature Reserve Management Office, told me that the marine environment in Xiamen Bay is suitable for the survival of white dolphins, so Xiamen is also the only city in the country where white dolphins can be seen in urban areas.
With the near-shore aquaculture, water pollution and many other factors, the population of Chinese white dolphins has decreased sharply, and the public once could not see the posture of white dolphins.
In October 1997, Xiamen promulgated China's first local regulations on the protection of Chinese white dolphins, "Xiamen Regulations on the Protection of Chinese White Dolphins". In 2000, Huang Zongguo, a former researcher at the Third Institute of Oceanography of the State Oceanic Administration, was the first to propose the establishment of an artificial domestication and breeding base for Chinese white dolphins in Xiamen. In 2008, Xiamen designated a perennial fishing ban area in the main activity area of white dolphins; In 2018, the country's first cross-regional cooperative conservation mechanism for Chinese white dolphins, the Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Chinese White Dolphin Conservation Cooperation Mechanism, was established.
The Chinese white dolphin has always been regarded as an "indicator species" and "umbrella species" of marine ecology. The appearance of white dolphins in the sea is a testament to the health of the marine ecosystem. It is Xiamen's unremitting efforts over the years that have allowed us to see the beautiful sight of the white dolphin population walking in the sea.
White dolphin, in exchange for me to protect you, with my love, in exchange for your smile will always be beautiful. This is the end of "Xiamen Chinese White Dolphin Conservation Song", for the beautiful home of Chinese white dolphins, researchers, volunteers, citizens and so on have paid endless love, trickling love, into the sea.
The protection of the ecological environment is inseparable from the empowerment of science and technology.
Yu Xingguang, former director of the Third Institute of Oceanography of the Ministry of Natural Resources, has participated in the work for more than 40 years and witnessed the continuous scientific and technological strength in the protection and restoration of Xiamen's marine ecology. In recent years, the three oceanographic institutes have jointly carried out cooperative research on Chinese white dolphins in the areas along the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road". Joint field surveys, species distribution models and satellite remote sensing techniques were used to define the core habitat and potential habitat of the Chinese white dolphin.
In Xiatanwei, in the eastern sea area of Xiamen, I walked into the largest artificial mangrove ecological wetland park in Fujian Province.
Climb the moon bridge in the center of the park, the sea water reflects the blue sky and white clouds, and as far as the eye can see, it is a huge sea jade. From an aerial view, the park's mangrove forests take on a unique shape in the shape of a heart and a five-pointed star, meaning "I love China". Many of the reporters who traveled with him flew drones to capture the beauty of the verdant sea.
In the past, due to blind sea reclamation and disorderly aquaculture, the eutrophication of water bodies in the sea area was serious, and the native mangrove forests, which are very sensitive to changes in the marine ecological environment, were almost extinct.
Planting trees at sea, and keeping them alive, is a huge challenge in itself: mangrove seedlings are generally slow to grow, seedlings are not resistant to stress, and they are slow to grow; Planting needs to reach a certain elevation, and flooding for too long will affect the development of seedlings; The selection of tree species is also difficult, and it is necessary to confirm whether the tree species is suitable for the local area through extensive testing. In addition, the planting density should also be fully considered, too dense, too sparse will not be ......
To protect mangroves, the times have sounded the clarion call, and our scientific researchers have come to charge. Yang Shengchang, an associate professor at Xiamen University's School of Environment and Ecology, has witnessed the changes in this sea area.
In order to get mangroves back to root, researchers have put a lot of effort into it. Since 2005, Academician Lin Peng of Xiamen University, the "Father of Chinese Mangroves", has been entrusted by Xiamen City to set up a scientific research team for artificial cultivation of mangroves. Under the leadership of Lin Peng, Lu Changyi, a professor at the School of Environment and Ecology of Xiamen University, invented the patented technology of "chopsticks seedlings", which increased the survival rate of seedlings to more than 90%. The scientific research team also comprehensively used remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles, manual on-site surveys and other means to carry out regular ecological monitoring and conservation, and finally made the artificial cultivation and planting of mangroves successful. On this basis, Xiamen City implemented the ecological restoration of Xiatanwei mangrove forest in two phases.
This Great Green Wall built on the sea not only beautifies the environment and is suitable for viewing, but also plays an irreplaceable role in the protection of marine ecology. The latest survey data show that the number of fish, shellfish, shrimp and crab species and biomass in the mangrove restoration area have increased compared with those before the restoration, and the total number of species has increased by 24 times, the biomass increased by 299 times, 476 times, 119 times.
Mangrove forests provide effective protection for the Xiamen Bay Area, forming a "green buffer zone" and becoming a natural ecological barrier against typhoons and storm surges. According to statistics, the annual carbon sink capacity of the carbon neutral forest is 430 tons of carbon dioxide, the "blue carbon sink" became a sample.
With 18 years of continuous efforts, about 85 hectares of mangrove forests have been planted in Xiatanwei Mangrove Park, with many varieties such as white bone soil, tung flower tree, autumn eggplant, wood olive, red sea olive, etc., and the wetland ecosystem of "forest + beach + tidal ditch + shallow water" has been formed.
Enabled by science and technology, it has gradually become a leader from a participant in global ecological governance. Xiatanwei Mangrove Park has become a successful case of mangrove ecological restoration with international influence, and will be introduced to the world in 2023 as one of the international typical cases of coastal ecological disaster reduction synergy.
More than 1,000 years ago, Su Song, known as "one of the greatest scientists in ancient China and the Middle Ages", was born in this fertile soil, and he built the world's oldest astronomical clock "Water Transport Instrument Elephant Stage", which opened a generation of science and technology; More than 1,000 years later, the scientific and technological workers here continue to carry forward the spirit of long-term contribution, and use the power of science to write a strong stroke for the ecological protection and green development of Xiamen.
Between the mountains and the sea, the sound of praise
Xiamen has the sea, as we all know; Xiamen has high mountains, but few people know about it.
Zhuangyuanjian is the second highest peak in Xiamen, with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters, the terraced tea gardens are cascading and picturesque, and the southern Fujian dwellings are simple and elegant.
Spiraling up the mountain road, turning 211 turns, Xiamen's most remote alpine village, the military camp village, appears in front of you. A stream of clear water from Jiulong Creek surrounds the barracks village, which was named after Zheng Chenggong's garrison training here. In the past, due to indiscriminate deforestation and lack of resources, the economic development here was backward, and the people lived a difficult life.
The villagers in the barracks village kept in mind the entrustment of the general secretary of the army to "wear a hat on the mountain and develop under the mountain". Protect public welfare forests, ecologically transform old tea gardens, interplant fruit trees in tea gardens, update excellent varieties, and create an organic and green ecological environment. At the same time, it also makes full use of natural resources to create the colorful pool of "Minnan Xiaojiuzhai", which drives the villagers to get rich with industrial prosperity and creates a tourism industry in Xiamen's alpine villages.
Accompanied by the tinkling of the flowing water of Jiulong Creek, the melodious praise song flutters among the mountains.
General Secretary, to the tea country; Twice come, climb the top of the mountain. Petitioning the people, going to the fields; Three uncovered, explore the people's difficulties. The situation is clear, the idea is added; Well-off road, dancing. Plant trees, plant fruits; The mountains are green, and the tea is fragrant. Party schools are built, and B&Bs are prosperous; The road of the beginning of the heart, self-raising whip. The people are rich and the ecology is beautiful; Tea townspeople, like fairies. ”
The barren mountains put on their hats, and the green mountains are always there. Cure Jiulong Creek, green water is the most ecological. Win the pleasure of the near, call the far, the mountain village is picturesque, in exchange for wealth everywhere! ”
Praise song is a folk song of southern Fujian that spreads in Tong'an, Xiamen. The song is the voice of the heart, and the voice praises the song, which is a true portrayal of the great changes in the barracks and villages.
Gao Quanwei, secretary of the party branch of the military camp village, said emotionally: "In recent years, our village has actively participated in ecological management, managed mountains, treated water, planted tea trees, and actively developed green agriculture and eco-tourism, and the villagers have become rich. ”
Following the concept of ecological priority and green development, the villagers carefully guarded this green water and green mountains, turning them into gold and silver mountains. In recent years, the military camp village has won many honors such as the national "one village, one product" demonstration village (tea), China's most beautiful leisure village, the national civilized village, and the national rural governance demonstration village.
The mountains are greener, the water is clearer, and the tea is getting sweeter. Gao Bingyu, a college student who returned to his hometown to start a business, planted tea with his father and planted fruit trees in the tea garden. Fruit trees and tea trees complement each other, and after continuous improvement, the quality of tea has been significantly improved, and the tea produced has gone abroad and is sold overseas.
There are still stone carvings of the ancient "half an acre of square pond" in the military camp village, and some scholars have verified that this is likely to be the original image of "half an acre of square pond is opened" in Zhu Xi's "Reading Books". The mountain spring water bubbles out and flows into the crystal clear half-acre pond.
Ask the canal to be as clear as promised, for there is a source of living water. Keeping in mind the earnest entrustment and promoting the harmony of the sea is the source of Xiamen's continuous progress.
Over the past 36 years, Xiamen has always adhered to the integration of marine ecological protection in the entire ecosystem, focusing on the overall planning of land and sea natural systems, and comprehensively using natural restoration and artificial restoration.
Green lakes and green mountains, blue sea and silver beaches, white dolphins, mangrove forests and ......A picture of Xiamen, a high-quality, high-value, modern and international city, has been slowly unfolded.
*: "Bright**" 2024-02-20 Edition 08).
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