On the battlefield in ancient times, distinguishing between the enemy and the self was the key to the survival and victory of the army. Here are a few methods commonly used in ancient warfare::
Flags and uniforms: Every nation, tribe, or army has its own flag and uniform, and on the battlefield you can distinguish friend from foe by observing the colors, patterns, logos, etc. of the flag and uniform.
Torches and smoke: At night or on a smoke-filled battlefield, armies can use signals such as torches and smoke to determine the location of friend or foe.
Formations and formations: Different army formations and formations have their own characteristics, and by observing the way the army marches and stands, as well as the formation and number of people, it can help distinguish between friend and foe.
Sounds and languages: Different countries and regions have their own languages or dialects, and you can also determine the identity of friend or foe by listening to each other's accents and languages.
Combat effectiveness and ****: By observing the opponent's combat effectiveness and equipment, you can infer the strength and combat characteristics of the opponent's country or tribe, so as to make a judgment between friend and foe.
Espionage intelligence: In the early stage of the war, by sending spies and spying on the enemy's intelligence, you can obtain specific information about the opponent's army, so as to accurately determine the identity of the enemy and the enemy.
In ancient warfare, the above methods were often used in combination to improve the accuracy and reliability of judging friend and foe. At the same time, with the development of advanced equipment and warfare technology, the way of distinguishing friend from foe is also constantly changing and improving.