Bayberry is a famous fruit in the south of our country, for northerners, what kind of fruit tree is bayberry is not very familiar, today I will talk about this issue.
First, the botanical characteristics of bayberry.
1, the name and classification status of bayberry is the official name, this name is a general name, its name origin, it is generally believed that the ungrafted bayberry tree, its fruit shape is like a salicyl, the fruit taste is like a sour plum, so it is named bayberry; Its scientific name is Morella Rudra Lour, which was officially named and published in 1790; There are also mountain bayberry, vermilion, pearl rong, tree plum, etc.; In plant taxonomy, it belongs to the bayberry family, an evergreen tree species.
2. Distribution and growth environment bayberry is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Taiwan, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong in China; It usually grows in mountain slopes and valley forests below 1500 meters above sea level, likes warm and humid climates, is tolerant of shade and strong sunlight, and prefers good acidic soil; China has a long history of cultivation and many cultivated varieties.
3. The appearance characteristics are an evergreen tree, up to 15 meters high, gray bark, shallow cracks in the bark of old trees, round spherical crown, small branches, and round shield glands on young branches.
the second is single-leafed, often densely born at the upper end of the branchlet, without supporting leaves, the leaves are leathery, and the upper leaves of the sprouts are oblong or wedge-lanceolate; The leaves on the fruiting branches are wedge-obovate or oblong-elliptic, with a few sharp serrations above the entire margin or middle of the leaf margin, the surface is dark green, shiny, the back is light green, and the petiole is about 5 mm long. the third is dioecious, the male inflorescence is cylindrical, 1-3 cm long, and the male flower has 2-4 ovoid bracts and 4-6 stamens; Female flowers often solitary leaf axils, slenderer than male, 5-15 mm long, with 4 ovate bracts, ovary ovate, very small, flowering in April; The drupe is spherical, 1It is about 5 cm, the cultivar is about 3 cm, there are papillary protrusions on the surface, the exocarp is fleshy, the juice is mostly resinous, the taste is sweet and sour, it is dark red or purplish red when ripe, the kernel is round and ovate, the endocarp is hard woody, and the fruit is ripe in June and July.
Second, the utilization value of bayberry is the first, and the fruit is edible. Bayberry fruit has a unique flavor, sweet and sour, rich in nutrition, is a famous fruit, can be eaten fresh; It mainly contains carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, organic acids, minerals, vitamins, anthocyanins, flavonoids and other nutrients, which have the health care effects of increasing nutrition, antioxidant and anti-aging. Bayberry fruit is not easy to store, there is a saying that "the taste changes in one day, the color changes in two days, and the color and taste change in three days", so it is usually processed to make dried bayberry, bayberry paste, bayberry juice, bayberry candied fruit and other foods. Second, the medicinal value of bayberry is still high. Its fruits, kernels, leaves, bark, and roots can all be used in medicine. The fruit has the effect of quenching thirst, invigorating blood and cleansing the stomach and intestines; The leaves contain volatile oils and tannins, which can treat colds and flu, cough, phlegm and blood; The bark has the wonderful effect of stopping bleeding and relieving pain; Bayberry kernel has efficacy in ** tumors; It has the effect of regulating qi, stopping bleeding and removing stasis. Please follow your doctor's advice when using medicine.
Thirdly, the bayberry tree has a dignified body, a round crown, dense branches and leaves, and a lot of red fruits in summer, which is a good ornamental tree species for landscaping.
Green pomelo net seedlings, click to understand