In the process of pear planting, the prevention and control of pests and diseases has always been one of the most concerned issues for fruit farmers. Pear fruit pests and diseases will not only affect the quality and yield of fruits, but may even lead to the death of fruit trees in severe cases. However, many fruit growers are often ineffective in controlling pests and diseases, which not only costs a lot of money and time, but also may cause some pollution to the environment. So, is there an effective and environmentally friendly way to prevent pear fruit pests and diseases? The answer is yes, and I'm going to reveal this mystery for you!
1. Strengthen orchard management.
Strengthening orchard management is the basic measure to prevent pear fruit diseases and pests. First of all, reasonable dense planting, keep the orchard ventilated and light, avoid excessive canopy closure of fruit trees, and reduce the probability of pests and diseases. Secondly, scientific fertilization, increase the application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer, and improve the disease resistance of fruit trees. At the same time, reasonable irrigation should be carried out to keep the soil moist and even, and prevent root diseases caused by drought or stagnant water.
2. Biological control.
Biological control is an environmentally friendly and sustainable method of pest control. By introducing natural enemies, parasitic wasps and other organisms, the number of pests can be effectively controlled. The release of natural enemies such as red-eyed bees and ladybugs in pear orchards can effectively control common pests such as aphids and pear psyllids. In addition, biological pesticides have gradually become an important means to control pear fruit diseases and insect pests, such as microbial pesticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana and plant-derived pesticides.
3. Physical prevention and control.
Physical control methods mainly use the characteristics of phototaxis and taste of pests to trap and kill. Trapping devices such as black lights and yellow plates are set up in the orchard to effectively trap and kill aphids, whiteflies and other pests. At the same time, the use of sexual attractants to interfere with the mating and reproduction of pests is also an effective means to reduce the population of pests.
Fourth, the rational use of chemical pesticides.
Although chemical pesticides have certain environmental pollution problems, they still need to be used when necessary. Fruit farmers should choose pesticides with low toxicity and low residue, and avoid using pesticides with high toxicity and high residues. At the same time, apply pesticides in strict accordance with the dosage and use methods of the pesticide instructions to avoid excessive use. In addition, pay attention to the rotation of different types of pesticides to delay the development of pest resistance.
5. Regularly inspect the orchard.
Regular orchard inspections are a key measure to detect pests and diseases in a timely manner. Fruit growers should regularly inspect the leaves, branches, and fruits of fruit trees to see if there are any abnormalities. As soon as signs of pests and diseases are found, control measures should be taken immediately to prevent the disease from worsening. Through regular inspections, early detection and early prevention can be achieved, and the spread and spread of pests and diseases can be effectively controlled.
6. Strengthen training and learning.
Fruit farmers should continue to strengthen training and learning to understand the types, occurrence rules and control methods of pear fruit diseases and pests. By attending training courses, reading professional books and exchanging experiences with peers, you can continuously improve your planting techniques and pest control skills. Only with sufficient professional knowledge can we better cope with the challenges of pear fruit pests and diseases, and achieve high yield and high quality orchards.
The above is the mysterious way to prevent pear fruit pests and diseases. Strengthening orchard management, biological control, physical control, rational use of chemical pesticides, regular orchard inspections, and strengthening training and learning are the key measures to prevent pear fruit diseases and pests. As long as fruit farmers carefully implement these measures, they can effectively reduce the probability of pests and diseases, improve the quality and yield of pear fruits, and achieve a win-win situation of economic and ecological benefits. Let's work together for a green, healthy orchard!